








		    The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ

		  : Jeff_Tranter, jeff_tranter@pobox.com

		       : yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net

	    İ v1.18, 19971112(ԭv1.18, 1 November 1997)



				   Abstract

     ļLinuxµĹЧ֧Ԯ. оٳ֧ԮЧӲ豸,
     Ҳд úʽ,Ľ.
     ϣ,ָ·,ͬʱ
     Usenet鼰̳ͨӴ``ˮ''.



1.  

Linux Sound HOWTOļ. ҪĿṩһаװLinuxЧ֧Ԯ֪
ʶĿٲο. һشLinux¹Чĳ, һҲָ
춵Ч/ַĲοϵԴ.

ֻʺLinuxõЧ. ЧЧ/ԭ,
Ĳοǽгļ.

1.1  л״

ļܶЧʽʽļ(Hannu Savolainen(
hannu@voxware.pp.fi)׫д).  ллHannuLinuxЧʽ,
ԼЧóʽ.

 SGML Tools ׼,ʹñļһԭʼֲͬʽ.

1.2  Ӣİ汾ظ

      1.1
	    һ; ֻLinux̳ͨSOUNDƵ.

      1.2
	    Ҫĸ; ڵĵһ.

      1.3
	    תΪSGML; ʹMatt WelshLinuxdoc-SGMLתжָʽ;
	    ¸ʽ ۽ṹ, ݽСı.

      1.4
	    SGMLĴҪĶ; PAS16Adaptec 1542A SCSIĽ.




The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      1





The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      2



      1.5
	    1.1г2.5aЧʽ; ᵽ֧ԮGUS-MAX;
	    Ҫ

      1.6
	    ˹춴``no space on device''Ѷ. ᵽ Hacker's Guide
	    '''Ŀ¼. ˫ģʽ; 춴``device busy''
	    Ѷ; Ҫı.

      1.7
	    ӹASPAWE32Ѷ; VoxWare 2.9;
	    شʹõIRQ2; ο SoundSCSI HOWTO.

      1.8
	    DOS³ִ; Ҫı,
	    2.90Чʽ; DOOMѶ; μ.

      1.9
	    ¼ݿ.

      1.10
	    HOWTOWeb, ӡˢͷ뱾;
	    춺QICŴʽDMAͻѶ;  ħ(Sound Galaxy
	    NX Pro)޼ BusMouse Ѷ.

      1.11
	    þõĸ(ʱæ); ļGPLִչ涨; 3.0Ч
	    ʽ; ֧ԮЧʽѶ;
	    춽ü Ѷ; ˺ܶHTML; úCDROM-HOW
	    TOһĸʽ.

      1.12
	    1.3.34µЧʽ; µ豸;
	    1542λַΪ334( 333); Creative Labs EmuASP״̬;
	     Creative Labs  MediaTrix ַ.

      1.13
	     VoxWare (); ԷӦ֧ԮĿѡ;
	    弴(PnP) ֧Ԯ; С(block size); µ
	    xconfig  menuconfig ѡ; mudutils Ч豸֧Ԯ;
	    vgerͨѶ̳ݰ; ǿߵվ; Ĵ Ҫ޶.

      1.14
	    Audio Excell DSP16Ŀǰδ֧Ԯ(ӦüͿ); óʽ;
	    뱾; Чģʱ, һ趨С;
	     ȶĸΪ2.0; µЧʽ;
	    Ч豸rootȨ.

      1.15
	    ȥ̫ɹʱ; E-mailַ;
	    һЩװָ; Ӷý ǱĸѶ;
	    ƴ﷨Сı.










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      3



      1.16
	    Hannu Savolainen˺ܶ޶У;
	    µ``Ѳο'' ; 鱾ҳ֮URL;
	    뱾; ƴķСı.

      1.17
	    뱾; ѡԵ GUS ʽ; ݻ(packet
	    radio modem); Linux Multimedia Guide зļ뱾.
	    οص mini-HOWTO; IBM ThinkPadָ.

      1.18
	    ; MIPSƽ̨ϵЧ֧Ԯ˸Ѷ;
	    ¶ƬЧ֧ԮѶ; Ҫrootִfuser.

1.3  İ汾ظ

      1.15
	    뱾, ûü.

      1.16
	    һ, 뷽ʽ.

      1.17
	    ״θΪSGMLʽ.

      1.18
	    һû; һļŴ;
	    һμϱİظ.

1.4  °汾δѰ?

ļ֮°汾 comp.os.linux.answers ;
ҲŵܶౣѶftpվ, <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/>

ļHOWTOļĳְҲںܶWWWվ̨,<URL:http://sun
site.unc.edu/mdw/mdw.html> ܶLinuxCD-ROMҲںHOW
TOļ,ͨ/usr/doc/Ŀ¼. ʱCD-ROM ϵ, ӡ,
ftpվĻǹʱİ汾. ڱ HOWTO ϵѾ񳬹 ,
InternetϿѾ°.

ĵķ뱾 <URL:ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub2/linux/french/docs/HOWTO/>

ĵ뱾 <URL:http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/>

ĵ뱾 <URL:http://www.psico.unipd.it/ildp/docs/HOWTO/Sound-
HOWTO.html>

ĵ뱾 <URL:http://www.insflug.nova.es/how
tos/online/sonido/sonido-COMO.html>

ĵ뱾 <URL:http://linux.ntcic.edu.tw/~yorkwu/linux/howto/sound/>

ĵĺ뱾 <URL:http://members.iWorld.net/mangchi/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO.html>








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      4



ļ Linux HOWTO ķҲ <URL:http://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/> Լ <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/>ҵ.

㽫ļ, , һ.

1.5  

HOWTOļ, Ҫλ߰, ԽԽ. κν, , 
, 뽫ظ,jeff_tranter@pobox.com.	ҽһЩ.

(ע : Աİ, yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net.)

Ҳ⾡شЧLinuxһ. ֮ǰ, Ķ
ƪ HOWTO, ȻٸҺصϸѶ. 벻ҪڷLinuxҵϵͳ
¹Ч.

ΨϻӲʽдļ, ӭһݹ. ĵҵŵ
ַ. Ҳ뿼һ¶ Linux ļƻ, ֧ Linux ļ. Linux
HOWTO Э Greg Hankings ( gregh@sunsite.unc.edu )ԵõѶ.

1.6  ɢʱע

ԭȨΪ Jeff Tranter (1995-1997) .

İȨΪ Jeff Tranter (1997) .

 HOWTO ļ; ں FSF () GNU GPL (һ㹫
Ȩ)֮涨ɢ/޸; ɾ GPL 2.0 ֮κΰ
.

ļϣ, ǲṩκα֤, ʹҵ
ĳ;֤Ȼ. 뿴 GNU һ㹫Ȩ.

Ҫȡ GNU һ㹫Ȩ(Ӣİ), Լŵ Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,USA.


2.  Ч

ΪԱ潲Щ˽, һڼԵһµЧĸҪ.
һ˽, λѶλźŴ鼮.

һȵ; Χڵֵ. Ȼȴλ,
ֻܶԸΧеļ. Ϊܴ, Чһֽ
/λת(A/DADC), ź(Եѹʾ)תԹ. Ҳһ
λ/ת(D/ADAC)ַתɵѹ, ͽ, .

תλĹ, ȡ, һЩ. ؾתת
ö. һȡ, ڵλʱ, Ӳȡ(ͨÿ
λΪλ). ϵ͵ȡȡͱȽϲ׼ȷ. С, ÿһ
ȡЧΧ, ͨbitʾ. ЧΧԽ, ȡ׼ȷλ.

Чһ816 bitȡ, ȡ4000-44000Hz֮. ȡҲΪ()








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      5



˫().

FMϳǲľɷ. ѲͬĲ(Ҳ,,ǲ)
Ѷ. FMϳӲϱȽϼ, ǽѳʽ, Ҳû. ܶЧṩFM
ϳԺ͹ȥЧ. ͨṩ.

ͱϳɼD/AתĵԼFMϳɵĶƵ. ַ, λ
صרõļ, ڲ̫ҪCPUص², ϲ޸. 
Ч֧Ԯͱϳ.

Чṩ, ɽͬѶԴԺϲ,  ǿ.

MIDIָλ(Musical Instrument Digital Interface), һֿ
˴˹ͨӲ. MIDI busϴ͵¼ԴMIDI, ޸ļ
ز. ܶЧṩMIDI, ʹû, Ч, ȻԲMIDI.

MODǵԲõĸʽ. ˼¼, Ҳ¼(
)λȡ. MODAmiga, ֻҪʵ, ڰLinuxϵͳ
Ҳܲ.


3.  ֧ԮӲ

һгĿǰLinux֧ԮЧЧ, ׫дʱµLinuxΪ׼.

ЧʽԼİ汾. µȶLinux2.0.31, ʹ
3.5.4-960630Чʽ.

Чʽ, Hannu Savolainen, ͳ׼Linuxĵʽ
ǰƳµbetaʽ. µ֧Ԯб <URL:http://www.4front-
tech.com/ossfree/new_cards.html>() <URL:http://per
sonal.eunet.fi/pp/voxware/new_cards.html>(ŷ).
ǻֿҪһϵʽ, ֧Ԯڽ. ںеĵ
/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/Readme.cardsҲг֧ԮĿ, 
µ.

HOWTOѶIntelƽ̨LinuxЧ.

ЧʽӦҲԶAlphaƽ̨ϵЧЧ. Ȼ, ЩȻi386
õĺúõ, ƫƫͺAlphaϵ豸I/Oλַ. ԳԳԹ, ȻҲ
ȷһƬЧܲ.

׫дƪʱ, ʽв֧ԮPowerPCLinux, Ӧû֧Ԯ.

MIPSƽ̨LinuxԽЧʽҽ, вMIPSEISA, ڽ
ķӲ. LinuxMIPS group,ڽǺȤЧ֧Ԯ.

Linux ҲΪ Atari  Amiga ƽ̨ Linux ṩ˺ Intel ƽ̨, ʹ
ЩڽЧӲʽ (ע: οܺԭ˼г)

SPARCƽ̨LinuxĿǰû֧ԮЧ. (ͬAmigaAtari, SPARCڽЧӲ
, дʽͿ)










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      6



3.1  Ч

ЧΪLinuxʽ֧Ԯ:

    ATI Stereo F/X (ͣ)

    AdLib (ͣ)

    Ensoniq SoundScape (RevealSpeaݿ)

    Gravis Ultrasound

    Gravis Ultrasound ACE

    Gravis Ultrasound Max

    Gravis Ultrasound with 16 bit sampling option

    Logitech Sound Man 16

    Logitech SoundMan Games

    Logitech SoundMan Wave

    MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C928, 82C929, 82C930, 82C924 Ƭ)

    Media Vision Jazz16

    MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro

    Microsoft Windows Sound System (MSS/WSS)

    Mozart (OAK OTI-601)

    Orchid SW32

    Personal Sound System (PSS)

    Pro Audio Spectrum 16

    Pro Audio Studio 16

    Pro Sonic 16

    Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface

    Sound Blaster 1.0

    Sound Blaster 16

    Sound Blaster 16ASP

    Sound Blaster 2.0









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      7



    Sound Blaster AWE32

    Sound Blaster Pro

    TI TM4000M notebook

    ThunderBoard

    Turtle Beach Tropez ("classic"Plus)

    Turtle Beach Maui

    Yamaha FM synthesizers (OPL2, OPL3 and OPL4)

    6850 UART MIDI Interface

Ҫע弴(PnP)ЧȫͽϾɵ, PnPͬͿ. ˵,
SoundBlaster16 PnP;ûкԭSoundBlaster16ȫ. ֤ͬ Soundscape
PnPGUS PnPҲһ. ǻᵽ弴õĸһѶ.

µĿû֧Ԯ, ԭ̫ɻ̲дʽĳʽ Ѷ.

    Pro Audio Spectrum (ԭʼ)

    Pro Audio Spectrum+

    Diamond ƵЧ (ʹ Sierra Aria)

Other sound cards that are claimed to be compatible with one of the supported
sound cards may work if they are hardware (i.e. register level) compatible.

ƺ֧ԮĿݵĿ, Ӳ(ݴȼ)ݵĻ,  Ҳ.

ȻЧų``Կ'', LinuxԿʽ ֮.
ЩMSS/WSSMAD16ʽͨ. ֻCreative
LabsԿ(CreativeľƬ, SoundBlaster16 Vibra),  MV Jaz16 
ESS688/1688 ĿԿʽ. ν``Կݵ16λԪ
Ч''Կʽֻ˷ʱ.

LinuxҲ֧ԮЧϵSCSI(ProAudioSpectrum 16)ר(
Pro). 뿴LinuxSCSI HOWTOCDROM HOWTOļ˽.

Чϳҡ, ҲиĿģ֧Ԯ.

עᵽSCSI,CD-ROM,ҡЧʽ˴޹ص.

Чʽһ˽, 뷭``ο'', Hannu Savolainen վ.

3.2  ѡԵЧʽ

˺ڽ, Щں, ``ʽ''Чʽ,
ǿȡ׼ڵʽ.

4Front TechnologiesҵLinuxЧʽ. ṩ˱LinuxеѰ








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      8



಻ٵĹ. <URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/> 4Front Technolo
giesվ.

Markus Mummert (mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.deд˸ Turtle Beach Multi
Sound(classic) , Tahiti, MontereyЧõʽ, ļᵽ:

     "It is designed for high quality hard disk recording/playback without
     losing sync even on a busy system. Other features such as wave syn
     thesis, MIDI and digital signal processor (DSP) cannot be used. Also,
     recording and playback at the same time is not possible. It currently
     replaces VoxWare and was tested on several kernel versions ranging
     from 1.0.9 to 1.2.1. Also, it is installable on UN*X SysV386R3.2 sys
     tems."

     (ΪƷӲ¼, ʹϵͳش, Ҳ.
     粨κϳ, MIDIλźŴ(DSP)ʹ.
     Ҳͬʱ¼. ĿǰȡVoxWare , 1.0.91.2.1ĲԹ.
     ҲװUN*X SysV386R3.2ϵͳ.)

<URL:http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeach>ҵ.

Kim Burgaard (burgaard@daimi.aau.dk д˸MPU-401õʽóʽ. Linux
LSM µĽ:

     "A device driver for true Roland MPU-401 compatible MIDI interfaces
     (including Roland SCC-1 and RAP-10/ATW-10). Comes with a useful col
     lection of utilities including a Standard MIDI File player and
     recorder.

     (һMPU-401ȫݵMIDI(Roland SCC-1RAP-10/ATW-10)
     ʽ. Ҳ˺õĹóʽ,
     ׼MIDI¼Ƴʽ.)

     Numerous improvements have been made since version 0.11a. Among other
     things, the driver now features IRQ sharing policy and complies with
     the new kernel module interface. Metronome functionality, possibility
     for synchronizing e.g. graphics on a per beat basis without losing
     precision, advanced replay/record/overdub interface and much, much
     more."

     (0.11a, ֽ˶Ľ. аIRQ,
     пɱΪģ.  ܿɴﵽÿһĶͬɥʧ׼,
     ز/¼overdub(?)  漰ܶܶ.)

<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz> ҵ.

Jaroslav KyselaΪGravis UltraSoundЧд˿ѡʽ. Դ
<URL:http://romeo.pf.jcu.cz/~perex/ultra>, Linux UltraSoundƻҳҵ
Ѷ.

ЧLinux»һ; -- ҵߵ.  2.1.x İ
һԿWindows Sound Systemݿʵ1200 bps AFSK  9600 bps FSK
Эʽ.  Linux AX25 HOWTO. (()ҲǸ, ̨
VE3ICH)








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				      9



3.3  PC

⻹һҪӲʽ, PC. Чʽϴ
, , ʲ, CPUҲ߶. ĽӸȵ
Զкܴ. 뿴ڸļԸ˽.

Ŀǰ汾1.1,  <URL:ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-
sound/>ҵ.

3.4  ƽ(ӡ)

иѡ, ƽвһЩλ/ת. ʱPCȺ, CPU
Ӹ. ǰһСᵽʽ֧Ԯ, Ӳ˵.


4.  װ

ҪLinuxЧ, Ƚ²:

  1.  װЧ

  2.  , ʹ֧֮ԮЧ

  3.  豸

  4.  Linux, 

ǽÿһϸ˵.

4.1  װЧ

˵ָʾ, װӲ, 볧װ.

ɵЧͨпػ, 趨IRQ, DMAͨ, Щ趨. 㲻
ȷҪ, ճֵ. ܵĻ, 豸(·, SCSI, ƽм
).

DOSʹЧ, ͨӦɺDOSһ. Щ(رPnP
)ҲҪɺDOSһֵ. ʱҪʵһ.

4.2  趨

װʱõԤȱĺ, ͨǲ֧ԮЧ. Լʺ
õĺ. , ҲҪ°ĺ, С, 
õļ.

νķ, Ӧòο Linux Kernel HOWTO.
ֻЧصĲ.

ûб, Ч֧Ԯľ, ȶһºʽReadme
(رǹЧĲ)Ǹ. µںЧʽ
Ŀ¼ҵ, ͨ/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound:










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     10



     CHANGELOG	       - ÿһеı
     COPYING	       - Ȩ
     Readme	       - , ҪϢ
     Readme.aedsp16    -  Audio Excel DSP 16 ЧѶ
     Readme.cards      - 趨Ч˵
     Readme.linux      - װɢʽ֮ע
     Readme.modules    - ɿģ
     Readme.v30        - 3.0 ¹ܽ
     experimental.txt  - һЩʵеĹ

һĵĳͺ. Ŀǰ趨ֽѡ.  ``make xconfig ''
ɽгX11µͼ趨;  ``make menuconfig''  ģʽѡ;
ԭʼķ,  ``make config'', ṩ˼򵥵 ʴ.

``make xconfig''``make menuconfig''ʱ, Yes/No ҪرСȷ.
ЩԤ𰸶No, Ⲣþȷѡ. ر ``/dev/dsp and
/dev/audio support'' (CONFIG_AUDIO) ѡͨҪ .

ƪļ, Ҽôͳʽ ``make config''.
Ȼ˵ʵķʽҲ.

趨ЧķҲж. һ, ``''(2.0.0ǰĺֻ ⷽ),
ʹһڸ趨ʽ. ַԶЧ, Ҫ
``ͽ''ʽ(miroSOUND, AWE32, AEDSP16).

ڶ``'', 趨ĵõѡнϼѵ.
ⷽҪصЧЧ. ЩPSS, SM Wave, AudioTrix Pro 
TurtleBeach Tropez/Maui, ԸֻϷ.

``make xconfig''һ``''. ``make menuconfig'' ,
Чӻѡ``''``''.  'make config',
Ԥ``'', Ѿù һ``'',
Ҳĳ·. ֮Կ'make menuconfig'лϷ.

ǽ``make menuconfig''``''. ܶ趨ⶼ
(һ)·.

Ҳ԰ЧʽɺĿģ. ҽһʼȲҪģ, ȲԹ
, ԰ģ.

ִ``make config''ʱ, ``y''ش, Ч֧Ԯ.

     Sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND) [M/n/y/?]

, Ч趨ʽᱻ, ִ. ҪЩװüѡ. شЩ
ʱҪС, ǰشͲ. ˵, ûPAS16Ч
, һ(PAS16)ͲҪ``yes''. ҪϵĿ ʽ,
ֻ˷Ѽ. Щʽ(MPU-401)ܻSCSI,  ˻.

ڴ˼̵趨ѡ. ÿһ``y''(yes)
``n''(no). ʾԤ, ``[Y/n/?]''ʾ Ԥ``y''
``[N/y/?]''ʾԤ``n''.  ֱӰEnterѡԤĴ,
סԤ𰸲һǶԵ.









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     11



ʺ(``?'')Դѡļ̵.

Ҳעһ²ÿⶼ, 趨ʽܻǰѡԶȡ趨ĳ
Щѡ.

      Old configuration exists in /etc/soundconf. Use it [Y/n/?]
	    ǰ趨Чʽ, 趨ᱻ.
	    ֱϴε趨, ش``y''.
	    Щı°, Ӧûش ``n''
	    趨.

      ProAudioSpectrum 16 support [Y/n/?]
	    ֻеProAudio Spectrum 16, ProAudio Studio 16޼ SoundMan
	    16 ʱ, 'y'. Media Vision޼Ŀ, ش'n',
	    Ϊǲ PAS16.

      SoundBlaster support [Y/n/?]
	    Creative LabsƵԿ100%Ӳ( Thunderboard
	     SM Games ), ش'y'. Ŀ֧Ԯ֮, ȿReadme.card
	    sкͿصָʾ ٻش. ȫ֪Ŀ,
	    ǺԿ, Իش'y'.

      Gravis Ultrasound support [Y/n/?]
	    GUSGUS Max,ش'y'. Ȼͻش'n',
	    ʽԼԵ.

      MPU-401 support (NOT for SB16) [Y/n/?]
	    ҪС. еĿ֧ԮMPU-401 MIDI, Ȼ,
	    ЩҪר ʽ. ֿϿʽɳͻ.
	    ûMPU-401ĵʹʽ Ҳ鷳.
	    Ŀ֧Ԯ֮, Readme.cardsеָʾ. 
	    MPU-401 MIDI濨, ǾͿԷĻش'y'.

      6850 UART Midi support [Y/n/?]
	    ûش'n'. 6850 UART ٱõ.

      PSS (ECHO-ADI2111) support [Y/n/?]
	    Orchid SW32, Cardinal DSP16PSSƬ(AD1848
	     + ADSP-2115 DSPƬ + Echo ESC614 ASICƬ)Ŀ, 'y',
	    Ȼ'n'.

      16 bit sampling option of GUS (not GUS MAX) [Y/n/?]
	    GUSװ16 bitȡӿ, ش'y'. GUS MAX, ش
	    'n'.  رGUS MAX.

      GUS MAX support [Y/n/?]
	    GUS Max, Ȼش'n'!

      Microsoft Sound System support [Y/n/?]
	    һ˼ٴ. ΢ƵԭWindows Sound Sys
	    temAztech SG 16 Pro (NX16 Pro)Ļ, ɷĻش'y'.
	    Ч, ҲԴ'y'.
	    VoxWare֧ԮĿȿReadme.cards.
	    ЩʽԼһMSS , ɳͻ.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     12



      Ensoniq Soundscape support[Y/n/?]
	    ĿõEnsonic SoundscapeƬ, ش'y'. ֿEn
	    soniq, Spea  Reveal(Ҳֿ).

      MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro support [Y/n/?]
	    AudioTrix ProĻ, 'y'.

      Support for MAD16 and/or Mozart based cards?
	    ĪЧ(OAK OTI-601)MAD16(Opti
	    82c92882c929)Ч澧Ƭ.  ־Ƭǳձ,
	    һЩƿҲ. ֮, MAD16ҲһЩ֪ Turtle
	    Beach(Tropez), Reveal(ʽ),  Dia
	    mond(µ)ǵĿ.

      Support for Crystal CS4232 based (PnP) cards [Y/n/?]
	    ĿCrystal CS4232Ƭ, 'y'.

      Support for Turtle Beach Wave Front (Maui, Tropez) synthesizers [Y/n/?]
	    гĿѡ'y'.

      SoundBlaster Pro support [Y/n/?]
	    ĿԿProԿ16, 'y'.
	    ԿProݵҲ. ش'n'ʡ һ,
	    'y'Ҳǰȫѡ.

      SoundBlaster 16 support [Y/n/?]
	    ĿԿ16(AWE32), 'y'.

      Audio Excel DSP 16 initialization support [Y/n/?]
	    Audio Excel DSP16Ļ, 'y'.
	    뿴Readme.aedsp16Իø Ѷ.

Ȼ趨ʽ춸߽׷. ÿһ'y', 
㲻õ⹦ܲŴ'n'.

      /dev/dsp and /dev/audio support (usually required) [Y/n/?]
	    ش'n'Ļ, /dev/dsp/dev/audio(A/DD/Aתװ)Ͳ .
	    ش'y'!

      MIDI interface support [Y/n/?]
	    ش'n'/dev/midixxʹ/dev/sequencer/dev/musicMIDIӲʧЧ.
	    ѡҲӰMPU-401General MIDI豸.

      FM synthesizer (YM3812/OPL-3) support [Y/n/?]
	    ش'y'.

      /dev/sequencer support [Y/n/?]
	    ش'n'ͻ/dev/sequencer/dev/musicʧЧ.

      Do you want support for the mixer of SG NX Pro ?
	    SoundGalaxy NXЧ, ֧ԮܵĻ, 'y'.

      Do you want support for the MV Jazz16 (ProSonic etc.) ?
	    MV Jazz16(ProSonic), 'y'.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     13



      Do you have a Logitech SoundMan Games [Y/n/?]
	    ޼SoundMan GamesЧ, 'y'.

, 趨ʽʾشͿص趨. ֻͨI/Oλַ, IRQDMA
. ĳЩҪһЩʼʱҪĵ. һЩʽ(΢)
DSPƬ΢. ʱд.h, ڱʱʽ. ͬ,
Readme.cardsйĿĲԱ˽.

˵:

     The sound driver is now configured.
     Save copy of this configuration to /etc/soundconf [Y/n/?]
     (ЧʽѾ趨.
     ҪҪ趨浽/etc/soundconf [Y/n/?])

״'y', һ, رĵĻ, ֱϴεЧ
ʽ趨.

ɾɰЧʽ, ȷ/usr/include/sys/soundcard.h
/usr/include/sys/ultrasound.hԷ/usr/include/linux µͬ,
Ƿֱ#include <linux/soundcard.h>#include <linux/ultrasound.h>

׼, Ա뼰װº.

4.3  豸

ΪĲ, ΪЧ豸豸. ͨװLinuxʱѾ ,
еټһ. (ڲһ ûϵ),
豸趨ȷ.

     % ls -l /dev/sdnstat
     crw-rw-rw-   1 root     root      14,   6 Apr 25  1995 /dev/sndstat

ע: ߴ, ls -l /dev/sndstatŶ

עȷ豸֤һ. 豸ǰ, Ҫӽ
ʽ().

豸, ԭ
rootִ/usr/src/linux/drivers/soundĿ¼Readme.linuxβ, Ǹܶ
shell scriptؽ. , Linux׼Ҳṩ/dev/MAKEDEV script, 
;.

PCʽ, ڸļ, ԾǷҪ豸.

4.4  Linux

Ӧÿ׼º, ʽ. ƽʱװºĵĲ
ȥ(Ȼ, һݾɺԷһ).

, һûµѶϢ:(ѶϢ̫, dmesg
ع鿴.)










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     14



     Sound initialization started
     <Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)> at 0x220 irq 5 dma 1,5
     <Sound Blaster 16> at 0x330 irq 5 dma 0
     <Yamaha OPL3 FM> at 0x388
     Sound initialization complete

ӦúЧ趨(еĻ)һ.

ÿģ, ѶϢͲʾ(ʱ, ``insmod sound
trace_init=1 '')

Чʽʱ, Ӧûʾ``Sound initialization started
''``Sound initialization complete''ѶϢ. û, ʾЧ ʽû,
ʱӦüһĿǰ𶯵ĺûмЧʽ֧Ԯ.

``Sound initialization started''``Sound initialization complete
''ûӡʲᶫ, Ǳʾû⵽Ч豸. ܵԭûʹ
ȷʽ, û֧Ԯ, I/OλַԻ˻û趨PnP.

ʽӡ󼰾ѶϢ. 趨ʽ, ʱ, ע
ЩѶϢ.

Ǽ/dev/sndstat豸. ȡ״̬Ե֪Ѷ, 
Чʽǲȷ. :






































The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     15



     % cat /dev/sndstat
     Sound Driver:3.5.4-960630 (Sat Jan 4 23:56:57 EST 1997 root,
     Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586)
     Kernel: Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586
     Config options: 0

     Installed drivers:
     Type 1: OPL-2/OPL-3 FM
     Type 2: Sound Blaster
     Type 7: SB MPU-401

     Card config:
     Sound Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5
     SB MPU-401 at 0x330 irq 5 drq 0
     OPL-2/OPL-3 FM at 0x388 drq 0

     Audio devices:
     0: Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)

     Synth devices:
     0: Yamaha OPL-3

     Midi devices:
     0: Sound Blaster 16

     Timers:
     0: System clock

     Mixers:
     0: Sound Blaster

ϵҲܻرѶϢ. ``No such file or directory'' ʾ
û豸(ο4.3). ``No such device'' ʾЧʽû, û
. ص4.2֮.

/dev/sndstat, ``Card config:''εļд (`` (Sound
Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5)''), ʾ豸Ѿ趨, û ⵽.

ӦÿԷż򵥵Ч. ץЧ, 豸.

     % cat endoftheworld >/dev/dsp
     % cat crash.au >/dev/audio

(ȷûʡԵ춷)

ע, ƽʱcatǷЧз, ֻΪ˼.
ȥץʵķʽø.

ֻ/dev/sndstatڵaudio devicesгһ豸, Ż
Ч. ûгʲ, ӦüһΪ豸û⵽.

ر``I/O error'', ``dmesg'' ѶϢβ,
ǺܻܿӡѶϢ, Ҿ ``Sound: DMA (output) timed out -
IRQ/DRQ config error?'' ѶϢָʽûдЧõӦ ÷ж.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     16



пܵԭ, IRQDMA趨û. ÷ ,
ſ赽DMAIRQ䶼Կ.

һֿԭʽͿ. ⼸һν``Կ(Pro/16)ݿ
''Կʽ. ״ҪҳĿܴʽ
.(, Ͷ鵽comp.os.linux.hardware)

һЩЧ <URL:ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-
data-0.1.tar.Z> ץ.

¼. Ŀ¼, ٲһ:

     # ˷¼ 4 
     EDT% dd bs=8k count=4 < /dev/audio >sample.au
     4+0 records in
     4+0 records out
     # Ѹո¼ķų
     % cat sample.au > /dev/audio

ȻҪЧ˷, Ҫ, ԳûЧ. ҲҲ
ҪŪһʽ, 趨˷Ϊװ, 趨¼.

ϲԶͨ, ЧD/AA/DӲ嶼. 
, οһС.

4.5  

ϲ, Ȼ, Լ鼸ط. Щɼ򵥵
, , Ƚ, ٽһ.

4.5.1  һ: ȷԼĺ.

úĵڴʶǲǸ֧ԮЧĺ. 
uname:

     % uname -a
     Linux fizzbin 2.0.0 #1 Tue Jun 4 16:57:55 EDT 1996 i386

ʾ/proc/version:

     % cat /proc/version
     Linux version 2.0.0 (root@fizzbin) (gcc version 2.7.0) #1 Tue Jun 4 16:57:55 EDT 1996

ڴǲĵʱ, ˾ɵĺ. ؿ? 
LILO, ǲװ(ƽ/etc/lilo/install)? , 
¿Ƭ, ?

4.5.2  ڶ: ȷЧʽбȥ.

򵥵ķǰ, ``/dev/sndstat''. еط,
趨һ. 趨, װºĵĳ.











The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     17



4.5.3  : ʱ⵽Ч?

ȷʱĿб⵽. ӦÿѶϢ, ù, ͨ
dmesgл:

     % dmesg




     % tail /var/adm/messages

Ŀû⵽, ĳһ. ȷſװ. ſDOS¹
úܺ, Ӳ. Чʽ, ´, 
ЧͺЧʽ.

һֿܾҪDOSʽ``''. DOS, 
̸ʽ, ȻᰴControl-Alt-DeleteůLinux. ȷI/Oλ ַ,
DMAIRQ趨DOSһ. ЧʽԭʼеReadme.cards
Եõ趨ͿʾѶϢ.

Ŀûڱļг, Linuxʽû֧ԮĹϵ. Բο
ĩĲο.

4.5.4  Ĳ: ܴdsp豸?

ǰ``dd''ȡ/dev/audio. Ӧò Ŷ.

, ǿIRQ/DMA嵽, ĳӲ岻(豸ΪLinux֧Ԯ, ô
ʽ).

һټĿǲӲ. ܵĻ, DOS²һ, ȥֿ.

4.5.5  ҪЩû?

, ṩἸ:

    СضHOWTOļ

    ļеĲο, رHannu Savolainenվ, صĺԭʼ
     Readme.

    comp.os.linuxUsenet(comp.os.linux.hardware Ǹõط;
     Ϊˮ, ڱע 'sound', ʺϵרҲŻҵ.)

    Web/UsenetѰ, ǻѰ, ܿҵܺõĽ. һѡ
     <URL:http://www.altavista.com>.

    µLinux.(ֻͷ, µķչúĿܺܲ)

    ŸЧʽ

    ŸSound HOWTO









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     18



    гemacs, Esc-x doctor :-)


5.  ֧ԮЧӦ

LinuxЧ, һЩܻҪӦ. Բ
һLinux Software Map, ·, Linux CD-ROM ҳѶ.

ٻҪµЧ:

    Чʽת ( Sox)

    ʽ ( aumix  xmix)

    Ч ( play  wavplay)

    MOD  ( tracker)

    MIDI  ( playmidi)

๤ʽ, ҲGUIʽ. ҲһЩȽϹһ(ʶ),
ܻ濴.


6.  

һڻش𾭳Usenet̳ͨʵ.

OSSЧʽվĽ.

6.1  һЧ豸ʲ?

``׼''豸, ȻЩLinux׼ò̫һ.

      /dev/audio
	    һ /dev/audio0

      /dev/audio0
	    SunվݵѶ豸 (ֻ˲, ֧ԮSunioctl ,
	    ֻu-law)

      /dev/audio1
	    ڶѶ豸 (Ч֧Ԯ, ֻһЧĻ)

      /dev/dsp
	    һ /dev/dsp0

      /dev/dsp0
	    Ҽλȡ豸

      /dev/dsp1
	    ڷλȡ豸










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     19



      /dev/mixer
	    ͨᵽ /dev/mixer0

      /dev/mixer0
	    Ҽ

      /dev/mixer1
	    ڷ

      /dev/music
	    ߽ױ

      /dev/sequencer
	    ͽMIDI, FM, GUSȡ

      /dev/sequencer2
	    ͨᵽ /dev/music

      /dev/midi00
	    Ҽԭ(raw)MIDI

      /dev/midi01
	    ڷԭMIDI

      /dev/midi02
	    ڲԭMIDI

      /dev/midi03
	    ԭMIDI

      /dev/sndstat
	    ȡʱ, ʾЧʽ״̬
PCʽṩ豸:

      /dev/pcaudio
	    /dev/audioͬ

      /dev/pcsp
	    /dev/dspһ

      /dev/pcmixer
	    /dev/mixerһ

6.2  Ч?

SunվЧ(.au)Զ/dev/audioų, ԭʼȡԶ /dev/dsp,
Ȼһ˵ܲ. ʹplay ʽȽϺ,
һܱЧʽ, 趨ȷȡʵ.

wavplayvplay(snd-util׼)ĳʽ, WAVѽ. Ȼ޷
ʶMicrosoft ADPCMѹWAV. ͬʱ, ɰplay(Lsox׼)16λԪWAV
.

snd-utilеsplayֶеĲ, ŶЧ.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     20



6.3  ¼Ч?

Դ/dev/audio/dev/dspжȡȡ, ת򵽵 ȥ.
vrecĳʽԽϼ򵥵ؿȡʼʱ. ҲҪ,
ԱѡҪԴ.

6.4  ҿвֻһƬЧ?

ڵЧʽװüƬԿ, ԿPro, Կ16, MPU-401 MSS.
װƬԿǿܵ, Ҫֶ༭ local.h, SB2_BASE, SB2_IRQ, SB2_DMA 
SB2_DMA2(Щ²Ҫ). ҲͬʱװһƬԿһƬPAS16.

make config趨µ2.0.xĵЧĻ,
Ӧñ༭/usr/include/linux/autoconf.hlocal.h. ῴ:

     #define SBC_BASE 0x220
     #define SBC_IRQ (5)
     #define SBC_DMA (1)
     #define SB_DMA2 (6)
     #define SB_MPU_BASE 0x0
     #define SB_MPU_IRQ (-1)

뼸(ֵϵͳ趨)

     #define SB2_BASE 0x330
     #define SB2_IRQ (7)
     #define SB2_DMA (2)
     #define SB2_DMA2 (2)

ʽ׼װƬ:

    GUS (ʽ)

    MAD16 (Ӳ)

    AudioTrix Pro (Ӳ)

    CS4232 (Ӳ)

6.5  : No such file or directory for sound devices

Ҫ豸! μǰ潨豸Ĳ. ȷʵ豸, ż
Ƿȷ. (һЩһCD-ROM LinuxײͿܲڰװʱȷ豸)

6.6  : No such device for sound devices

ĺĲ֧ԮЧʽ, I/Oλַ趨Ӳ岻һ. Ƿ
Ŀ, ȷ趨Ӳһµ.

6.7  : No space left on device for sound devices

ûнҪ豸, ȻЧ/dev/audio/dev/dsp, ͻᷢ
. ʱЩ``豸''ʵֻͨ, ҰĴŵ. 
ձļн豸һСڵָȥִǸscript.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     21



Linux 2.0֮, 豸, ϵͳȴû㹻RAMʱᷢ. ÿDMAͨ,
ЧʽҪҳ(8K). ڲ16MRAMѾ
õϵͳϿܷ. ҪһЩRAM, ٿ豸ǰ, ȱ뼰ִµCʽ
Ҳ.

     main() {
       int i;
       char mem[500000];
       for (i = 0; i < 500000; i++)
	 mem[i] = 0;
       exit(0);
     }

6.8  : Device busy for sound devices

һЧ豸һֻܸһ. , ܾбĳʹ
. ȷķ֮һfuser:

     % fuser -v /dev/dsp
     /dev/dsp:		   USER       PID ACCESS COMMAND
			   tranter    265 f....  tracker

, fuserʾ265ų˸豸. ѡ, 
ʹ. Ӧrootִfuser, Żг ʹ.

6.9  Ӳ'device busy'Ĵ!

Brian Gough˵, ʹһDMAͨԿͬҲռDMA 1QIC-02Ŵ
ʽ, ``device busy''. ʹFTAPE, мӽ
ʽ. FTAPE-HOWTO, QIC-02ʽʹFTAPEϲǱҪ; ֻ
QIC-117űҪ. , ʹQIC-117ʽ, ȡQIC-02, FTAPEЧ
ʽܹ.

6.10  Чŵһͣ

֢״, ͨȲһ, Ȼȫֹͣ, ӡ``missing IRQ'' ``DMA
timeout''ѶϢ. ˳IRQDMA. ˶һ, ں
趨ǲǺӲߵһ, ҲûкͱĿ.

һ֢״һֱظ. ͨIRQͻ.

6.11  MOD϶

ҪMOD, Ҫɹ۵CPU. ̫ʽϵͳӦ, ޷ʱ
. 漸ֽⷨ:

    ýϵ͵ȡ, ֻŵ

    ִгʽɵ

    ĵ

    ǿЧ( Gravis UltraSound)









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     22



Gravis UltraSoundЧ, ӦʹרΪGUSƵMODųʽ ( gmod)

6.12  Чʱ

1.0cǰЧʽȫͬҲݵioctl()ʽ. ץ° ԭʼ,
Ҫı, ִʺ°ʽ. Чʽ Readme.

ҲȷӦóʽʱ, ʹµsoundcard.hultrasound.h.
Ŀͷİװָ.

6.13  ǰܺܺõ, ȴSEGV

ϸһ.

6.14  Чʽк֪Ƽbug?

Чʽ︽ReadmeCHANGELOG.

6.15  Чʽioctl, м?

һݷԲݰʽڵHacker's Guide to VoxWare.
°ǵڶݰ, <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound> ҵ.
עĿ¼``ص'', Ŀ¼б. ``cd''
ȥ``dir''ͿԷЩ.

дƪʱ, ļѾ4Front TechonlogiesվϿ.

һԴLinux Multimedia Guide, ڲοǽн.

6.16  Ҫȫƽ˳¼, ҪǿCPUܰ쵽?

ⲻûش, ȡ:

    ʹPCMȡFMϳ

    ȡʼС

    ĸʽ¼

    ЧӲ

    ŵ, CPUʱƵ, ȡС

һ˵, κ386Ӧö8λԪЧϲЧ, FMϳɷ .

Ȼ, MODҪɹ۵CPUԴ. һЩʵԵĲʾ, Ҫ44KHz,Ҫһ
486/50 CPU 40% ; 386/25ܷű22KHz ߵȡ.(8λԪЧ,
Կ, )һЩGravis UltraSoundĿӲṩ๦, ҪCPUԴ
.

ЩǼûCPUĹ.

ĵѧ(CPUڲFPU), soxĳʽ
ЧתЧ첻. Ȼʽûõ.








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     23



6.17  PAS16Adaptec 1542 SCSIĴ

(½seeker@indirect.comṩ)

Linuxֻϳ330(Ԥֵ)334λַϵ1542, PASֻܽMPU-401ģ 330.
ʹȥMPU-401, жԤλַ, Ȼ1542 .
1542Ƶ334ʲᶼ.

, 1542PAS-16õ16λԪDMA, һ16λԪ, 44KHz ¼,
һ潫浽1542ϵӲĻ, 鷳. DMAص, RAMû
ʱ, Ȼͻ 'PARITY ERROR - SYSTEM HALTED' ѶϢ, 
֪ᵱ. ЩQIC-117ŴЭ̽趨
/ʱ, ʹ1542ռŸ. AdaptecBBSInternetطץ SCSISEL.EXE
ʽ, BUS ONʱBUS OFFʱ, ֱȫʧ.  SCSISEL ı EEP
ROM 趨, ԱCONFIG.SYSDOSʽЧ ־, ֱӽLin
uxҲЧ(DOS޲). ֽһ.

һ - ɵSymphonyƬҵؽI/Oʱ, ӿŴȡ.
ĸֿ, PAS-16, ûһƬгֹκ.  Media
VisionBBSиSYMPFIX.EXEԽSymphonyĻſλԪ,
κ֤״, Ⲣı֤. ҲҪ:

    徭, ɰľƬ

    , 

    ƵЧ.

Young MicrosystemsԸ$30()ĴΪƵİ; ܽ˭ƵĻ
˭ڵİ, ĳҲܻ(ף). ֪ProAudioĻ
Ž澧Ƭ; û˻Ứ$120Ч, Ȼ6MHzAT. ˻
25-40MHz386/486, ȷ, ܳ12MHzϵĻƵ. ,
̨һϹ.

һ徧Ƭ, , BIOS趨,
Բȱй.(?)	ڶǣ浽ļ緽ʽ (ʽͬʽ),
1542 DMA ƵʼI/O (й). , Դ绰Media Vision,
ЩSymphonyƬ ƺǵĿ. ڴ˾һ,
ʹλ``ʦ'',  ͷǻȥ. ǽ˵Ӳ彲ɶһ,
ʵԼĶ㲻.

ע: һοܺԭ˼ܶ, н벻ṩ.

6.18  ɲͬʱ¼?

Ӳ, ڶЧǲܵ. һЩ¿֧Ԯ⹦. 뿴 Hacker's
Guide to Voxwareе"bidirectional mode"һ.

6.19  ҵԿ16IRQ 2, ʽ׼ֵ

'286Ļ, IRQ2ж˵ڶжϿ. ͬIRQ 9.











The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     24



6.20  ԿAWE32Կ16ASP֧Ԯ?

ڹȥ, Creative LabsܲԸΪЩʽѶ. Ѿı,
2.1.xҲAWEʽ.

6.21  뿪Linux, DOS, ȻЩ巢

ůDOSᷢ. ʱѶϢ, ΪCONFIG.SYS д.

ڵЧ趨IRQDMA趨. ĿLinux¼MSDOS/Windows
趨ֵһĻ, ܻ. ЩЧ׼², ȫ reset.
(ѵԴصٴ, ʹӲϵresetť)

򵥶Ըǰreset, ѿعٿ, Ҫů( Ctrl-Alt-Del).

ȷMS-DOSLinux¶ͬIRQDMA趨 (Ǭ಻ҪDOS :-).

6.22  LinuxDOOM

ID softwareDOOMϷ֮Linux, ܶȤ.

ҪȷЧ, ʹ2.90Чʽ; ֧Ԯ˼ʱ
``DOOMģʽ''.

Ч16 bit. 8 bitЧ, ȻһЩ <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc/edu/pub/Linux/games/doom>ҵһЩʽ,  .

DOOM, Чȡ(sndserver)һЩĽ.

DOOMԤ費֧Ԯ(ͬDOS). musserverʽLinuxµ ֧Ԯ.
<URL:ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz> ҵ.

6.23  Ч?

øƷʵε, ۲, 춼. Чť, 
Բͬ趨(ͨ)

ûʽ, Ҫ(˷)

ЩЧ͵, ûкõڱμӵ, ײ

, ҵĵ, ҷֺиѡno-hltԽѶ. ѡ
кܡûȦʱҪHLTָ. Կʱֶ, LILO趨м
append="no-hlt"

6.24  ܷ, ¼

ܷ, ȴ¼, :

    ʹûʽѡʵԴ(˷)

    ʹûʽԴ










The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     25



    ԵĻ, MS-DOS², ǲӲ巽

ʱ¼õDMAͨǲͬ. °˳¼DMA趨.

6.25  ȽDOSʽ, Ȼҵ"ݿ"û

, ``Կ''LinuxԿʽö ʽ,
. ų(``16λԪSB Pro''SBݵ ``16λԪ'')Ŀ,
ԿģʽṩDOSϷ. п
Linux(2.0.1)֧Ԯ, 16λԪģʽ.

ֻһЩ(ܾͨ)Ŀ볢Կģʽ. ¿ֻһ, Ǿ
MwaveΪĿ.

6.26  ҵ16λԪԿݿLinuxֻ8λԪģʽ

ųƺԿݵ16λԪЧʵֻ8λԪԿProݶ. кԿ
16ݵ16λԪģʽ, LinuxЧʽ.

ҲMAD16MSS/WSSʽ, 16λԪģʽ.

6.27  ҵõLinuxЧ?

һЩõĵ, ѰLinuxרõЧӦ:

     <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/>

     <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/apps/sound/>

     <URL:ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu:/pub/linux/packages/sound/>

     <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/>

     <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/>

     <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/>

6.28  ЧʽɲԱɿģ?

µĺЧʽɿģ.

ο:/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/Readme.modules/usr/src/linux/Documen
tation/modules.txt(/usr/src/linux/README)

6.29  ̨ܰЧ?

oplbeepʽ,  <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-
alpha.tar.gz> ҵ.

һ, beepʽ,  <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ker
nel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tgz> ҵ.

modutils׼иʽ޲, ֧ԮںҪʱ, ִⲿʽ, .









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     26



һЩЧ, ԽPCЧ, ͶЧ
.

6.30  VoxWareʲ?

֧ԮܶIntelΪ̨UnixҵϵͳĺЧʽ, ҲԶ
Linuxĵ׼ȡ. 1996ǰ, ߳Ϊ ``VoxWare''.  Ȼҵ,
ѳVoxWare Incorporatedע̱, ٱʹ.
ʽ ƽOSS/Free.

Open Sound System(OSS)ǸܶUnixϵͳõ, ҵЧʽ,  4Front
Technologies.  OSS/Free Ѱ汾Linuxϵͳʽ.

Ѷ4Front Technologiesվ(<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/>)
Ͽ.

ͬһ, ƻTASD(ʱЧʽ)USS
(UnixЧϵͳ)

ȡøѶ, 4Front Technologiesҳ, <URL:http://www.4front-
tech.com/>. 1997µLinux JournalдOSS/Linux.

6.31  ֧Ԯ弴Ч?

Linux 2.1Ӧȫ֧Ԯ弴. Ҫ弴Ч, в
Ҫ.

Plug and Play BIOSPentium, ҪС趨Ŀ. ȷ
ЧʽI/Oλַ, IRQDMAúBIOSһ.

Linux, 趨ֿ弴ùǴڵ. Red Hatվ
<URL:http://www.redhat.com/>ҵ. ҲܰLinuxײ.

 Windows95 ʹֿ, 豸Ա趨, ȻLOADLIN
ůLinux. ȷ Windows95  Linux ʹͬ趨.

DOSֿ, ʹԿ16PnPicuóʽ, DOS 趨.
ȻLOADLINůLinux. һ, ȷ DOS  Linux ͬ趨.

ҵOSSЧʽ֧ԮԿ16PnP,  4Front Technologies .

6.32  Sox/Play/Vplay ر "invalid block size 1024"

1.3.67еĸı()SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE ioctlǷ񴫻ش
4096ķʧЧ. µsnd-util-3.x.tar.gz׼( <URL:ftp://ftp.4front-
tech.com/ossfree> еĹóʽܴ״. µʽҲ,
С4096 bytes, ˾ɹóʽ.

6.33  ЧʽΪҪԼ趨ʽ?

Чʽ֧Ԯܶ಻ͬ趨. ʽеconfigure
. ĵ趨߾ûṩĹ.

˵, µĺĲݵЧʽʹñ׼趨(μǰ








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     27



``趨''һС.)

6.34  Чʽģ,趨ͱ

ԽЧʽɿģ, ʹkerneldԶ뼰ȥ. Ȼ
һ - ģʱ, 趨ֻعԤֵ. ЩЧ
˵, ̫(Կ16)̫С. Markus Gutschke (gutschk@uni-muen
ster.de)Ľ֮,  /etc/conf.modulesмµһ:

     options sound dma_buffsize=65536 && /usr/bin/setmixer igain 0 ogain 0 vol 75

ЧʽִĻʽ(ڡsetmixer). dma_buff
sizeû, Ǳ, Ϊ ҪһЩеѡ.
иĳҪĻ趨ֵ.

Чʽ, ڿԶ趨, ڿԶִ
/etc/rc.d/rc.localнʽӽȥ.

6.35  ֻroot¼

Readme.linuxеscript, ὫЧ豸ɽrootɶ, Ϊ
ȫϵ©. ·, ʹ߿ԶЧ˷Linuxϵͳ
. , ԸıscriptеȨ.

Ԥİװ, һʹȻԲЧ. ⲻɰȫϵĸ, 
ʡܶ鷳.

6.36  IBM ThinkPadϵЧӲ֧Ԯ?

LinuxʹIBM ThinkPadϵmwaveЧ֮Ѷ,
<URL:http://www.screamin.demon.co.uk/>鵽.


7.  ο

Ƭ֧ԮCD-ROMSCSIЧ,  SCSI HOWTO CD-ROM HOWTO
ܿԸõѶ.

Sound Playing HOWTO Linux²ŸֲͬЧֵ.

Ultrasound Plug'n'play Mini-HOWTOGravis UltraSound PnPLin
uxʹõѶ.

Linux SoundBlaster 16 PnP Mini-HOWTOLinuxʹPnP SoundBlaster 16
Ч.

Linux SoundBlaster AWE64 PnP Mini-HOWTOLinuxʹ SoundBlaster
AWE64ķ.

зݽHacker's Guide to VoxWareļ
<URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/>. Ȼ󲿷
<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/pguide>еȡ,  /dev/seque
cerȻô.









The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     28



µFAQUsenetnews.announce
Լ<URL:ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers>:

     PCsoundcards/generic-faq (Generic PC Soundcard FAQ)

     PCsoundcards/soundcard-faq (comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard FAQ)

     PCsoundcards/gravis-ultrasound/faq (Gravis UltraSound FAQ)

     audio-fmts/part1 (Audio file format descriptions)

     audio-fmts/part2 (Audio file format descriptions)

ЩFAQҲгһЩͲƷص̳ͨ. µUsenetҪЧ
ص:

     alt.binaries.sounds.*  (Ч,ܶȺ)

     alt.binaries.multimedia (ý嵵)

     alt.sb.programmer (Կʽй)

     comp.multimedia (ýר)

     comp.music (о)

     comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard.*  (IBM PCЧȺ)

<URL:http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/> иýרվ̨. Creative Labs
վ<URL:http://www.creaf.com/>.	MediaTrix վ<URL:http://www.medi
atrix.com/>

Linux̳ͨ춲ͬ, Ч, Ƶ. ֪βμ, 
һΪ"help"ŵmajordomo@vger.rutgers.edu.
òҪ趨Ч, Ϊõ.

ǰü, ЧʽܶReadme, кܶ
ʽصѶ. ǳ/usr/src/linux/drivers/soundĿ¼.

ʽ Hannu Savolainen ɵʼĵ hannu@voxware.pp.fi ȡ.
Ҳиվ<URL:http://personal.eunet.fi/pp/voxware>
֪ʽ״֧ԮЧ, ֪⼰ȵ˵Դ.

4Front Technologiesվ<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/>, Կ
LinuxUnixҵϵͳõҵЧʽOSSѶ.

Linux Software MapLinuxļѲο. ùؼ
soundѰLSMʶЧӲӦóʽ֮ð취. LSMںܶ ,
<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM.gz>ҵ.

Linux ļƻ(LDP)˺ü Linux ,  Linux Installation and Getting
Started. ЩɴҪ Linux FTP ȡ, ǻǮӲʽļ.

, Ȼе޳, ڴ˴С: ѧѧ Linux








The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     29



µĶý( رǹ CD-ROM ЧӦüʽƵ), ұ
Linux Multimedia Guide,ISBN 1-56592-219-0,  O'Reilly and Associates ˾.
ԭʼӢİ, İİҲӡ. ڱ,  800-998-9938.
ǹվ̨: <URL:http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html>
˵ַ<URL:http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/>

























































The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux Чָ 				     30





































































				   CONTENTS



1.  ..................................................................... 1
   1.1	л״ .............................................................. 1
   1.2	Ӣİ汾ظ ...................................................... 1
   1.3	İ汾ظ .................................................... 3
   1.4	°汾δѰ? ..................................................... 3
   1.5	 ................................................................ 4
   1.6	ɢʱע .................................................... 4

2. Ч ............................................................... 4

3. ֧ԮӲ ............................................................... 5
   3.1	Ч .............................................................. 6
   3.2	ѡԵЧʽ ................................................ 7
   3.3	PC .............................................................. 9
   3.4	ƽ(ӡ) ...................................................... 9

4. װ ..................................................................... 9
   4.1	װЧ .......................................................... 9
   4.2	趨 ............................................................ 9
   4.3	豸 ......................................................... 13
   4.4	Linux .................................................... 13
   4.5	 ......................................................... 16

5. ֧ԮЧӦ ...................................................... 18

6.  .......................................................... 18
   6.1	һЧ豸ʲ? ........................................ 18
   6.2	Ч? .................................................. 19
   6.3	¼Ч? .................................................... 20
   6.4	ҿвֻһƬЧ? .......................................... 20
   6.5	: No such file or directory for sound devices .................. 20
   6.6	: No such device for sound devices ............................. 20
   6.7	: No space left on device for sound devices .................... 20
   6.8	: Device busy for sound devices ................................ 21
   6.9	Ӳ'device busy'Ĵ! ..................................... 21
   6.10 Чŵһͣ ............................................... 21
   6.11 MOD϶ .................................................. 21
   6.12 Чʱ ................................................. 22
   6.13 ǰܺܺõ, ȴSEGV ................................... 22
   6.14 Чʽк֪Ƽbug? ................................... 22
   6.15 Чʽioctl, м? ............................. 22
   6.16 Ҫȫƽ˳¼, ҪǿCPUܰ쵽? ......................... 22
   6.17 PAS16Adaptec 1542 SCSIĴ ............................... 23
   6.18 ɲͬʱ¼? ................................................ 23
   6.19 ҵԿ16IRQ 2, ʽ׼ֵ .................. 23
   6.20 ԿAWE32Կ16ASP֧Ԯ? .................................. 24
   6.21 뿪Linux, DOS, ȻЩ巢 ....................... 24
   6.22 LinuxDOOM .............................................. 24
   6.23 Ч? .......................................... 24
   6.24


				       i









	ܷ, ¼ ................................................... 24
   6.25 ȽDOSʽ, Ȼҵ"ݿ"û ...................... 25
   6.26 ҵ16λԪԿݿLinuxֻ8λԪģʽ ..................... 25
   6.27 ҵõLinuxЧ? ....................................... 25
   6.28 ЧʽɲԱɿģ? .............................. 25
   6.29 ̨ܰЧ? .............................. 25
   6.30 VoxWareʲ? ..................................................... 26
   6.31 ֧Ԯ弴Ч? ............................................ 26
   6.32 Sox/Play/Vplay ر "invalid block size 1024" ...................... 26
   6.33 ЧʽΪҪԼ趨ʽ? ................................ 26
   6.34 Чʽģ,趨ͱ ........................ 27
   6.35 ֻroot¼ ..................................................... 27
   6.36 IBM ThinkPadϵЧӲ֧Ԯ? .............................. 27

7. ο ................................................................ 27









































				       ii


