  NFS HOWTO
  Nicolai Langfeldt janl@math.uio.no 
  v0.7, 3 November 1997
  ͺ nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp 
  v0.7j2, 25 November 1997

  ʸ NFS 饤ȤȥФˡ򵭽ҤΤǤ
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Table of Contents:

  1.      

  1.1.    ˡŪʤ
  1.2.    ¾
  1.3.    

  2.      README.first

  3.      NFS Ф

  3.1.    
  3.2.    ϤΤä
  3.3.    ݡȥޥåѡportmapper
  3.4.    mountd  nfsd

  4.      NFS 饤Ȥ

  4.1.    Mount options
  4.2.    NFS Ŭ

  5.      ٤饤̤Ƥ NFS

  6.      ƥ NFS

  6.1.    饤¦Υƥ
  6.2.    ¦Υƥ: nfsd
  6.3.    ¦Υƥ: ݡȥޥå
  6.4.    NFS ȥե
  6.5.    ޤȤ

  7.      ޥȤΥåꥹ

  8.      FAQ

  9.      ե륷ƥ export

  9.1.    IRIX, HP-UX, Digital-UNIX, Ultrix, SunOS 4 (Solaris 1), AIX
  9.2.    Solaris 2

  10.     PC-NFS
  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  

  1.1.  ˡŪʤ

  (C)opyright 1997 Nicolai Langfeldt.  Do not modify without amending
  copyright, distribute freely but retain this paragraph.  The FAQ
  section is based on a NFS FAQ compiled by Alan Cox.  The Checklist
  section is based on a mount problem checklist compiled by the IBM
  Corporation.

  ʸ (C)opyright 1997 Nicolai Langfeldt ˤޤ
  ʸɽˤ⤽λƲѹ
  ʤмͳ˺ۤ뤳ȤǤޤFAQ  Alan Cox 
  äԤޤ줿 NFS FAQ ˤƤޤåꥹȤ IBM
  Corporation ˤäԤޤ줿 mount problem checklist ˤƤ
  

  ͺԤޤ(C)opyright 1997 Takeo Nakano

  1.2.  ¾

  ʸϤޤΤǤϤޤ󡣤ʸɤʪˤ뤿
  ˡʤɤˤĤɮԤ˥᡼äƲ⡢
  ȡʤɤ janl@math.uio.no ޤǡ᡼ꡢֿ˾
  ˤϡֿΥɥ쥹ǽƤ뤳ȤǧƲ褦
  ꤤޤ

   HOWTO ʸΤ餻Ʋɤθ˻̾
  ܤäΤꤿΤ:-)

  ʸ񤯤Ȥ˴ᡢޤ¿ͭפʽ򤯤줿 Olaf Kirch
  ˴աʤȥ򾯡:-)

   HOWTO ǤϥͥС 2.0 ˤ NFS 򰷤äƤޤ2.1
  ǤΥͥǤϡNFS ˴ؤƽפʳĥѹԤƤޤ

  ˴ؤ륳Ȥͺ nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp ޤǤ
  ޤʸäƤϡꤵ󡢤ʤᤵ󡢲ܤ
   JF ᡼󥰥ꥹȤγͭפʤŦ򤤤ޤ

  1.3.  

   HOWTO ʸ Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt 롣ȤäƤ
  ʸɤळȤ̵ɡäνλҤʤ
  ʤ

  뺧Ǥ:-)

  2.  README.first

  NFS (Network File System) ˤϻĤνפޤ

  o  NFS Ѥȥͥåȥ³줿ۥȴ֤ǥեͭǤ
     褦ˤʤޤ

  o  ƤξϤޤưޤ

  o  NFS ϥƥ˥ƥ򤿤ߤޤ
     ϤߤʥåɤΤƤΤǡʤΥե
     륢readwrite  deleteˤǽ
     

  ʸǤϤ줾ˤĤƽҤ٤ĤǤʸΥ
  ƥ˴ؤɬɤ褦ˤƲȴʥƥ
  ĤƤϤʤǤ礦ƥ˴ؤʬϵŪ
  ٤ƤޤळȤΤǡIP ͥåȥ󥰤ϢѸФ
  ٤μɬפȤޤ⤷狼ʤդФƤ顢¾Υͥ
  ȥϢ HOWTO ʸɤफͥåȥ˴ؤҤɤ
  ǡTCP/IP Ѹ˴褦ˤƲϤˤ UNIX
   Linux ޥδ򤹤ˤɬפʤȤǤ顣ʬ˴ؤ
  ɤܤҲ𤷤Ƥޤ礦Craig Hunt ˤ TCP/IP Network
  Administration ǡǼҤ O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. Ǥܤ
  ɤƤ򤹤Сʹ߿õ˶ϫ뤳ȤϤʤʤǤ
  :-)

  ܤܸǤҤǤƤޤˮϡTCP/IP ͥå
  פǤ

  NFS Υȥ֥륷塼ȤΩĥ 2 ߤޤ``ޥ
  ȤΥåꥹ''  ``FAQ'' Ǥ⤷ޤưʤˤϡ
  򻲾ȤƲ

  3.  NFS Ф

  3.1.  

   HOWTO ɤ߿ʤˡޤеڤӥ饤ȤȤƻȤޥ
  δ֤ǡ줾ߤ telnet ̿Ǥ褦ꤷƤɬפ
  ޤ⤷꤬ʤƤʤϡNET-3 HOWTO ʤɤɤɬ
  פʥͥåȥԤäƲ

  3.2.  ϤΤä

  ϤȤ⤢ NFS ФΥåȥåפޤɬפǤ⤷ɼԤǤ뤢
  ʤؤΥͥåȥ˻äƤˤϡ餯 NFS
  Ф¸ߤƤ뤳ȤǤ礦ΥФФ륢
  ꡢ HOWTO 򤽤ΤɤǤˤϡξϤɤ
  ɬפϤޤ``NFS 饤Ȥ'' ˿ʤǲ

  ޤ Linux ʳΥޥ NFS ФˤϡƥΥޥ˥奢
  õơеǽΩ夲ˡȡե륷ƥ NFS ˤ
   export ˡȤ򤹤ɬפޤ HOWTO ˤ⡢¾Τ
  ʥƥǥФΩ夲ˡˤĤߤƤ
  ޤФȤƤ򤹤٤ƹԤȤǤ顢 HOWTO μ
  Ϥ˿ʤǲ뤤ϤξϤɤ߿ʤǤߤƤɤ⤷ޤ
  ξϤǽҤ٤ƤƤˤϡФˤޥμˤ餺ΩĤ
  ȤޤޤƤޤ顣

  ơޤɤ߿ʤǤʤϡʲΤ褦ʤΥץ
  򤹤뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

  3.3.  ݡȥޥåѡportmapper

  ݡȥޥåѤ Linux Ǥ portmap  rpc.portmap Ȥե̾
  ʤäƤޤΥƥ man ڡˤȡϡDARPA ݡ
   RPC ץֹ˥ޥåפץפȤʤäƤޤơ
  Υץब HOWTO ʸˤǽΥƥۡθ
  ʤޤηɤˡˤĤƤ ``NFS Υƥ'' ˽񤤤Ƥ
  ޤĤ褦ǤɬɤǤ褦ˤƲ

  ǤϥݡȥޥåѤưޤ礦餯 /usr/sbin ǥ쥯ȥ
  portmap  rpc.portmap Ȥ̾¸ߤƤϤǤʰΥ
  Ǥ rpcbind ȤʤäƤ뤳Ȥ⤢ޤˡȤꤢϼưǵư
  ɤǤΥץϥƥ֡Ȥ뤿Ӥ˼¹Ԥ
  ΤǤ顢rc ץȤ˵ҤƤȤ褤Ǥ礦rc ץ
  ˴ؤƤ init  man ڡ˾ܤҤǤ礦餯
  /etc/rc.d  /etc/init.d/etc/rc.d/init.d Υǥ쥯ȥˤ
  ϤǤinet Τ褦ʥե̾ΤΤ餯ԽоݤȤʤ륹
  ץȤǤɤΤ褦ԽФ褤ȤΤϤ HOWTO 
  ϰϤۤƤޤΤǿޤ󡣤ơݡȥޥåפư¹Ԥ
  Ƥ뤫 ps aux ǳǧޤ礦ưƤޤ

  3.4.  mountd  nfsd

  ɬפˤʤץ mountd  nfsd Ǥư
  ˡޤ̤ΥեԽʤФʤޤ/etc/exports Ǥ
  㤨 eris Ȥޥˤ /mn/eris/local Ȥǥ쥯ȥʲ
  apollon Ȥޥ󤫤ѤǤ褦ˤͤޤ礦
   eris  /etc/export ˰ʲΤ褦ʹԤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /mn/eris/local  apollon(rw)
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ǥ appllon  /mn/eris/local ؤɤ߽񤭤εĤͿƤޤ
  rw  ro Ȥ뤳ȤǤξɤ߽ФεĤˤʤ
  ޤʲ񤫤ʤɤ߽ФεĤͿޤˡ¾ˤ⤤
  ץ󤬤ޤΤƥ˴ϢΤˤĤƤ
  ǿĤǤ饪ץΤ٤Ƥ exports  man ڡ
  ˵ҤޤʤȤ˰٤ܤ̤Ƥ٤Ǥ礦
   exports ˤƤΥۥȤİĽɬפϤʤ⤦
  ˡޤ㤨 NIS  NYSYP Ȥߤ뤫⤷ޤ
  ˤȤäƤϡͥåȥ롼פˤ꤬ǽǤNIS Ȥ
  ƤʤƤ⡢ޥȵĤͿۥȤλ˥ɥᥤΥ磻ɥ
  ɤ IP Υ֥ͥåȤѤ뤳ȤǤޤΤ褦˰Χʵ
  °ͿȤϡĤʤ桼ˤޤǥĤͿƤ
  ɤդɬפޤ

  :  exports եν񼰤¾ Unix ǻȤΤȤϰۤʤ
  Ƥޤ¾ Unix ˤ exports ե˴ؤƤϡ HOWTO 
  ̤ߤƤޤ

  Ǥ mountdrpc.mountd Ȥե̾⤷ޤˤ nfsdʤ
   rpc.nfsd ˤư뤳Ȥˤޤ礦ΥץϤ
   exports ե򻲾Ȥޤ

  /etc/exports Խ顢mountd  nfsd ˥ե뤬ѹ줿Ȥ
  Τ餻ɬפޤŪˡ exportfs ¹Ԥ뤳ȤǤ
  Ƥ Linux ۥѥåˤ exportfs ץäƤ
  ޤ󡣤Τ褦ʾϰʲΥץȤ򤪻ȤΥۥȤ˽
  Ǥ礦

  ______________________________________________________________________
  #!/bin/sh
  killall -HUP /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd
  killall -HUP /usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd
  echo re-exported file systems
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Υե㤨 /usr/sbin/exportfs Ȥ̾¸˺줺
  chmod a+rx ޤʹߤ exports եԽ뤿Ӥ root ˤʤ
  Ƥ exportfs ޥɤ¹ԤƲ

  Ǥ mountd  nfsd ȼ¹ԤƤ뤫ǧޤ礦ޤ
  rpcinfo -p ¹ԤƲʲΤ褦ɽФȻפޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
     program vers proto   port
      100000    2   tcp    111  portmapper
      100000    2   udp    111  portmapper
      100005    1   udp    745  mountd
      100005    1   tcp    747  mountd
      100003    2   udp   2049  nfs
      100003    2   tcp   2049  nfs
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Τ褦˥ݡȥޥåѤˤä portmapper Ȥ mountdnfsd ʥ
  󥹤ޤ

  rpcinfo: can't contact portmapper: RPC: Remote system error -
  Connection refused Ȥ褦ɽФˤϡݡȥޥåѤ¹
  Ƥޤ󡣽ƲNo remote programs registered. Ȥ
  ɽФϥݡȥޥåѤ䤤碌Ĥ̵
  ʤäƤޤnfsdmountd ȥݡȥޥåѤ kill ơ⤦ٺǽ餫
  ¹ԤʤƤߤƲ

  ݡȥޥåѤΥӥ˴ؤɽǧ顢ps ˤäƤǧ
  ߤƲݡȥޥåѤϥӥץबλǤ⥵ӥ
  Ȥ𤷤ƤޤΤǡʤä ps ǥåƤߤ
  ⤢ޤ

  ֡Ȥ٤ mountd  nfsd ưˤϡݡȥޥå
  ξƱ褦˥ƥ rc ץȤɬפޤ
  餯ۤȤɤξˤϡʤΥޥ˴˥ץȤ¸ߤƤ
  Ȼפޤξɬפʬ򥳥ȥȤơɬפʥǡ
  Ŭڤʼ¹ԥ٥ǵư褦ˤǤ

  ɤǤ٤ man ڡ portmapmountdnfsdڤ exports Ǥ

  ơޤǻθäƤȤ٤Ƽ¹Ԥ줿顢NFS 饤
  ư뤿νäȤˤʤޤ

  4.  NFS 饤Ȥ

  ޤͥ NFS ե륷ƥεǽɬפޤľ
  Ȥ߹फ⥸塼ȤѤǤ褦ˤ뤫ƤƲ
  ϥͥ򥳥ѥ뤹˻ꤷޤޤ٤⥫ͥΥ
  ѥ򤷤ȤΤʤͤ kernel HOWTO ʤɤɤǤФäƲ
  ޤɤǤۥѥåRed Hat ʤɡˤȤäƤơޤ
  ͥ⥸塼򤤤äƤʤʤĤޤ̵ˤƤʤ:-) Τ
  顢餯 NFS ϤǤѤǤ褦ˤʤäƤǤ礦

  ³ root ΥץץȤŬڤ mount ޥɤ¹ԤХե륷
  ƥѤǤ褦ˤʤޤξϤ³뤳Ȥˤơ
  eris  /mn/eris/local ޥȤͤޤξϰʲ
  褦ʥޥɤˤʤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  mount -o rsize=1024,wsize=1024 eris:/mn/eris/local /mnt
  ______________________________________________________________________

  rsize  wsize ץˤĤƤϸޤλ /mnt 
  ǥե륷ƥबѤǤ褦ˤʤäƤϤǤcd  ls 
  ꡢ줾Υե򸫤뤳ȤǤޤΥե륷ƥϥ
  ʤΤ٤⤷ޤ󤬡Ǥ ftp Ϥä
  礦

  ⤷ޥȤޤԤʤơmount: eris:/mn/eris/local failed,
  reason give by server: Permission denied Ȥ褦ʥ顼å
  ФˤϡФ exports ե뤬ְäƤʤ
  exportfs μ¹ԤԤäǧƲޤ mount clntudp_create:
  RPC: Program not registered Ȥ顼äϡФ mountd
   nfsd ¹ԤƤʤΤǤ

  ե륷ƥڤΥˤϰʲΤ褦ˤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  umount /mnt
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ƥεư NFS ե륷ƥޥȤ뤿ˤϡ
  /etc/fstab ե̾Τ褦Խޤ桹˽Сʲ
  褦ʹԤɬפˤʤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  # device      mountpoint     fs-type     options              dump fsckorder
  
  eris:/mn/eris/local  /mnt    nfs        rsize=1024,wsize=1024 0    0
  
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ǤۤȤɽǤɤǲ͡

  4.1.  Mount options

  ¾ˤˤĤƤɤʥץ󤬤ޤNFS Ф
  å夷ȤͥåȥǤ줿Ȥ˥饤ȤǤɤ
  ꤹΤǤξ֤ͥ˰ȤǤΤ NFS ɤ
  ȤΰĤǤФξ㳲äƤĤΥ⡼ɤޤ

     soft
        NFS 饤Ȥ NFS ޥȤ줿ե륷ƥ˥
        Ƥץ˥顼ΤޤΥ顼
        ϤۤȤɤޤΤǡϤǤޤ

     hard
        NFS ޥȤ줿ե륷ƥΥե˥Ƥ
        ץϥФå夹֤ˤʤޤ
        Υץ intr ˻ꤷƤʤǤ뤳Ȥ
        kill 뤳ȤǤʤʤޤNFS Ф褹ȡץ
        Ϥ줾첿ʤäΤ褦˺Ƴޤ餯餬
        ˾ޤ礬¿Ǥ礦Ƥ NFS ޥȤ hard,intr
        Ѥ뤳Ȥ򤪴ᤷޤ

  ޤѤ뤳Ȥˤޤfstab ΥȥϰʲΤ褦ˤʤ
  

  ______________________________________________________________________
  # device      mountpoint     fs-type    options                  dump fsckorder
  
  eris:/mn/eris/local  /mnt    nfs        rsize=1024,wsize=1024,hard,intr 0 0
  
  ______________________________________________________________________

  4.2.  NFS Ŭ

  rsize  wsize Ȥäץ󤬤ʤ硢̾ NFS  4096  8192
  ХȤñ̤ɤ߽񤭤Ԥޤ Linux Υͥȥͥåȥ
  ɤȤ߹碌ˤäƤϡǤưʤäꡢ뤤
  ʤäƤޤäꤹ礬ޤǤ餳Ǥϼ¸Ԥäơ
  ®ˤʤ褦 rsize  wsize ꤹҤ٤뤳Ȥˤޤž
  ®٤ϴñʥޥɤȤ߹碌Ĵ٤뤳ȤǤޤۤɼ
  mount ޥɤǽ񤭹߲ǽˤǥˡʲΤ褦ʥޥɤ
  뤳Ȥǥ󥷥ʽ񤭹ߤǽƥȤ뤳ȤǤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  time dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/testfile bs=16k count=4096
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Υޥɤˤạ̈٤ 0 ΥХԤ줿 64Mb 
  ե뤬Ǥޤʤ餯ΥСѥեޥ󥹤
  Ф륭åαƶ򾮤ǤǤ礦⤷Ѥ
  ǤˤϤäȥե礭Ʋˡ٤5  10 
  餤˹Ԥäʿѻ֤ƲξǤʤΤ `elapsed'
  뤤 `wall clock' ɽ֤ǤˤΥեɤ߹
  ߤ뤳Ȥǡɤ߹ǽΥƥȤԤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  time dd if=/mnt/testfile of=/dev/null bs=16k
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ԤäʿѤޤ礦θ umount rsize  wsize  
  礭ͤƺƤ mount Ʋͤ 1024 ܿˤʤ褦
  16384 ХȤϱۤʤ褦ˤޤ礦ʤ NFS С 2 
  ¤Ǥˡmount 餽Υե륷ƥ cd ꡢե륷
  ƥ̣뤫򤷤Ф餯Ĵ٤ƤߤƲrsize  wsize
  礭᤮ȡ̯졢եο 100% Ǥʤʤ
  ޤ褯ȤƤϡ֥顼åϽФʤΤ"ls" η̤
  Դˤʤס֥顼åϽФʤΤ˥եɤ߹ߤԤ
  פʤɤޤơͿ rsize  wsize ǥƥबư
  Ƥ뤳Ȥ狼ä顢⤦®٤ΥƥȤ򤷤Ƥߤޤ礦
   OS 㤦ȺŬʥۤʤ礬¿ǤSunOS  Solaris 
   4096 ¾٤Ƥä®äꤹ뤽Ǥ

  Ƕ Linux ͥ1.3 Τɤ줫ʹߡˤǤ rsize ޥΥڡ
  ƱʾˤɤߤԤޤIntel  CPU Ǥϥڡ
  Υ 4096 ХȤǤɤߤ NFS ɤ߹®٤Ϥä
  Ǥۤɹ®ޤǤ Intel ΥޥǤϡǽʤ
  rsize  4096 ХȤˤɤǤ礦󤢤ޤǲǽʤС
  Ǥ

  rsize  wsize ȿǤ뤿ˤ /etc/fstab Խɬפˤʤ뤳
  ˺ʤ

  NFS ν񤭹®٤夲뵻ȤơФƱ񤭹ߤػߤˡ
  ޤNFS λͤˤȡǡԴȯΥǥ̤ϥǥ
  ˤ˽񤭹ޤޤǡNFS ν񤭹׵Ͻλ줿Ȥϸʤ
  󡣤λͤΤ񤭹ǽ¤ޤޤƱ񤭹ߤ
  ä NFS ν񤭹®٤徺ΤϤΤǤޤ Linux 
  nfsd Ʊ񤭹ߤ줿ȤϤޤ󡣤ʤʤ Linux Υե
  륷ƥμˤƤƱ񤭹ߤ׻뤵ƤʤǤ
   Linux ʳΥФǤ exports ե˰ʲΤ褦ʵҤ򤹤
  Ȥˤäǽ夲뤳ȤǽǤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /dir    -async,access=linuxbox
  ______________________________________________________________________

  񼰤ϰۤʤ뤫⤷ޤΤǡΥޥ exports  man ڡ
  ȤƲʤˤäƥǡ򼺤Ϲޤ뤳ȤΤä
  Ʋ

  5.  ٤饤̤Ƥ NFS

  ٤饤פȤƤϥǥ ISDN뤤ϱΥ줿ͥ
  ɤꤷƤޤʤ꤬ʤΤϺǸǤ礦ˡ

  ϥץȥμ˴ŤΤǡºݤμ¸ϹԤäƤޤ
  βȤΥԥ塼 HDD ΥåΤǤΣ֥󤷤
  ޤޤʤΤǡƤƥȤ뤿ΥǥʤΤǤ⤷
  Ƥ顢ޤǤΤ餻:-)

  ޤФƤߤȤϡNFS ٤ץȥǤ롢ȤȤ
  NFS ϥСإåɤ礭ΤǤNFS ѤΤϥեž
  kermit Ѥ褦ʤΤǡ٤ΤǤۤȤɤΥץȥ NFS 
  ®FTPHTTPrcpssh Ǥ

  ǤƤߤǤ狼ޤ

  NFS ΥǥեȤΥѥ᡼ϡž⤭®饤˸
  ΤˤʤäƤޤǥեȤΥѥ᡼٤饤Ѥ
  ȡNFS 饨顼ݡȤס֥ڥ졼Ǥס
  ֥ե뤬ºݤ꾮ʤפʤɤʤɡ͡Ի׵Ĥʸݤ˸
  뤳Ȥˤʤޤ

  ޤǽ˹Ԥ٤ϡޥȥץ soft λѤߤ뤳Ȥ
  ѤȥॢȤꡢեȥ˥顼֤
  ƤΥեȤǤϤΥ顼褦ˤʤäƤޤ
  줬ԲĻ׵Ĥʥ顼μͳǤ˥ޥȥץȤ
  hard ѤƲhard ͭˤȡ̵¤˥ȥ饤򷫤֤褦
  ˤʤꡢեȥԹͤ˾Ǥꤹ뤳Ȥʤʤ
  ޤɤǤǤ

  ˤ٤Ȥϡޥȥץ timeo  retrans 塼󤹤
  ȤǤ nfs(5) Υޥ˥奢ڡ˵ҤƤޤ
  ˤ⥳ԡ񤭤ޤ

     timeo=n
        RPC ॢȤθ塢ǽκԤޤǤλ֤ 1/10 ñ̤
        ꤹ롣ǥեȤ 7ʤĤޤ 0.7 áˡǽΥॢȤ
        ϡॢȤλ֤ܡ롣ϥॢȤ
         60 äˤʤ뤫뤤Ϻβꤷͤ礭ʤ
        ƥ᥸㡼ॢȤȤʤޤ³᥸㡼ॢȤˤʤ
        ȡե륷ƥबϡɥޥȤƤˤϡʥ
        ॢ󤬽ͤ 2 ܤˤƺƤӻߤǤϥ
        ॢȤܡˡॢȤκͤϾ 60 äǤ롣ͥ
        ȥƤ롢Ф٤ϩʣΥ롼ޤϥ
        ȥ롢ʤɤξˤϤΥॢȤ䤹Ȥ
        äΤǽ夵뤳ȤǤ롣

     retrans=n
        ޥʡॢȤȺι׿ͤĶȥ᥸㡼
        ॢȤȤʤ롣ǥեȤ 3 󡣥᥸㡼ॢȤ
        ȡեǤ뤫뤤"server not responding"
        Υå󥽡ɽ롣

  ⤦äȤ狼䤹ޤ礦⤷ֻॢȤǤ 0.7
  á700msˤΤ֤äƤʤȡNFS 饤ȤϥꥯȤ
  ƥॢȤܤ 1.4 äˤޤֻ 1.4 ð֤ä
  ʤˤϡ٥ꥯȤꡢॢȤܤ 2.8 äˤ
  櫓Ǥ

  饤®٤ ping ¬ꤹ뤳ȤǤޤѥåȤΥ
  rsize/wsize ץͿͤƱˤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  $ ping -s 8192 lugulbanda
  PING lugulbanda.uio.no (129.240.222.99): 8192 data bytes
  8200 bytes from 129.240.222.99: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=15.2 ms
  8200 bytes from 129.240.222.99: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=15.9 ms
  8200 bytes from 129.240.222.99: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=14.9 ms
  8200 bytes from 129.240.222.99: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=14.9 ms
  8200 bytes from 129.240.222.99: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=15.0 ms

  --- lugulbanda.uio.no ping statistics ---
  5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 14.9/15.1/15.9 ms
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ǥλ֤ ping ΥѥåȤ lugulbanda ޤǱ֤¬äƤ
  ޤ15ms Ϥƹ®ȸޤ28000 bps Υ饤Ǥϡ
  4000-5000ms ٤ͤȤʤǤ礦⤷饤¾٤äƤ
  ˤϤλ֤ϤĹʤꡢܤˤʤ뤳Ȥޤ󡣤
  ֤ĹȤֱ٤פȸäƤΤǤŪˡѥåȤ
  礭ʤۤɡޤ饤٤⤯ʤۤɱ٤ʤޤ
  timeo 򤢤ʤΥ饤٤ˤ碌礭Ʋ饤¾
  Ӥ˻ȤäƤϱʬ٤ʤ뤳ȤθƲ㤨
  FTP  NFS Ʊ˻Ȥ褦ʾˤϡFTP ǥեžԤä
  ֤ ping λ֤¬Ƥ٤Ǥ礦

  6.  ƥ NFS

  ǤäƤޤϥԥ塼ƥȤǤϤޤ
  ƥ˴ؤ¿ΩĥɥХ򤹤뤳ȤǤ
  פޤǤդƲ˽񤤤Ƥ뤳Ȥ NFS 򤹤
  ƥꥹȥåפΤǤϤʤΤǤ⤷˽񤤤Ƥ뤳Ȥ¹Ԥ
  ǡ֤⤦¿פȻפäϡȤ͹ȤΤǤֹ
  Ƥ֥ĥܡפȤĤʤ褦˵դɤǤ
  :-)

  ʲΤ褦ʾʤ顢ξϤƤɬפޤ󡧤ʤΥۥȤ
  °ƤΤĤͥåȥǡˤƤΥ桼ϿѤ
  ǤʤͤϥͥåȥΥޥ˥Ǥʤ褦ˤʤä
  ǤĤޤͥåȥФ륢å³϶ػߡ¾
  ͥåȥˤؤ³ػߡʤΥͥåȤΥ桼ǤơƱ
  ΥƥݤƤ̡ˤǤм˲᤮Ȼפޤ
  ʤȤϤʤǤ衣ϥƥ˴ؤ뤴Ūʹ
  ˲᤮ޤ󡣤ˡФƤƲ䤬줫Ҥ٤뤳Ȥ
  ŪʤȤʤΤǤʥȤۤˤϡǮμ
  Ūʥƥ˴ؤǿΤäƤ
  褦ʴԤԲķǤ

  NFS δŪϡä˻򤷤ʤХ饤ȤȥФ
  ꤷäƤޤȤˤޤϤޤ櫓ǡ㤨Х
  Ф root Ȥˤ줿顢饤Ȥ root Ȥˤ
  Τ˴ñˤʤäƤޤ櫓Ǥʵդޤˡ
  ˡϤĤꡢͽǤ

  CERT Υƥ˴ؤ봫ɤǤ褦ˤޤ礦ʸ
  ΰʲΤۤȤɤ⡢CERT 𤷤Ƥ򰷤äƤޤǿδΥ
  Ȥ <ftp://ftp.cert.org/01-README> Ǹ뤳ȤǤޤNFS Ϣ
  ʲˤĤ󤲤Ƥޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  CA-91:21.SunOS.NFS.Jumbo.and.fsirand                            12/06/91
       Vulnerabilities concerning Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun) Network
       File System (NFS) and the fsirand program.  These vulnerabilities
       affect SunOS versions 4.1.1, 4.1, and 4.0.3 on all architectures.
       Patches are available for SunOS 4.1.1.  An initial patch for SunOS
       4.1 NFS is also available. Sun will be providing complete patches
       for SunOS 4.1 and SunOS 4.0.3 at a later date.

  CA-94:15.NFS.Vulnerabilities                                    12/19/94
       This advisory describes security measures to guard against several
       vulnerabilities in the Network File System (NFS). The advisory was
       prompted by an increase in root compromises by intruders using tools
       to exploit the vulnerabilities.

  CA-96.08.pcnfsd                                                 04/18/96
       This advisory describes a vulnerability in the pcnfsd program (also
       known as rpc.pcnfsd). A patch is included.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  6.1.  饤¦Υƥ

  饤¦ǤϡФꤷʤ褦ꤹ뤳Ȥǽǡ
  ϥޥȻΥץǻꤷޤ㤨 NFS ե륷ƥ
  ˤ suid 줿ץưʤ褦ˤˤ nosuid 
  ȤޤɤǡNFS ޥȤƤΥǥƳ
  ͤ٤ȻפޤѤʤȡФ root 桼
  饤ȤǤ root ¤åȤǤƤޤޤsuid ץ
  򥵡ФΥե륷ƥ˺ꡢ饤Ȥ˰̥桼ǥ
  ۤɤ suid ץ¹Ԥ... 狼Ǥ͡ޥȤ
  ե륷ƥΥեμ¹Ԥ򤹤٤ƶػߤ뤳ȤǤޤ
  ˤ noexec ץѤޤϼºݤˤ nosuid ٤
  ؤˤʤäƤޤǤ礦ɤʥե륷ƥˤ¹Ԥʤ
  ФʤʤץȤץबĤäƤǤ礦
  顣Υץ /etc/fstab Υץˡrsize  wsize
  ʤɤȰ˥ޤǶڤäƵҤޤ

  6.2.  ¦Υƥ: nfsd

  ¦Ǥϡ饤Ȥ root Ȥꤷʤ褦ꤹ
  ȤǤޤˤ exports ˵Ҥݡroot_squash ץ
  Ѥޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /mn/eris/local apollon(rw,root_squash)
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ȡ饤Ȥ UID 0 Υ桼ե˥read,
  write, deleteˤ褦ȤȡФ UID 򥵡Фˤ"nobody"
  ȤΤΤ֤ޤĤޤꥵФ root ˥
  ƤեФơ饤Ȥ root ѹ
  ԤȤǤʤʤΤǤɤǡexport Ƥ
  ե륷ƥ root_squash Ѥ٤Ȼפޤ֤Ǥ⥯饤
  Ȥ root 桼 `su' Ȥä¾Υ桼ˤʤäơΥ桼
  եѹǤ㤦ʤǤפȸո뤫⤷ޤ
  󡣤̤ꡢ줬 Unix  NFS ήʤΤǤΰոˤϽפ¦
  ̤ޤפʥХʥեʤɤ root ˤäͭ
  ǡbin ʤɤ root ʳΥȤˤ٤ǤϤޤ󡣤ʤ
  饯饤Ȥ root 桼ǤʤΤϥФ root 
  ȤΥեǤnfsd  man ڡˤ¾ˤⲿफ
  ¾ץ󤬵ҤƤޤѤСʡʤ뤤Ϸ
  ʡ˥饤ȥ桼ꤷʤ褦Ǥޤޤ UID  GID
  ϰϤˤä¾ǽꤹ뤳Ȥ⥪ץǻǤޤ
  Linux  nfsd  man ڡ˵ҤƤޤ

  root_squash ϼ¤ Linux  NFSd ǤϥǥեȤˤʤäƤޤե
  륷ƥؤ root ΥĤˤ no_root_squash ꤷ
  

  ⤦ĽפʤȤϡnfsd ФøݡȤ³׵᤬å
  Ƥ뤫ɤǧƤȤǤ⤷饤Ȥ׵
  ɤʥݡȤǤƤޤȡNFS ץȥäŬʥץ
  Ѥơøʤ饤ȥ桼¾Υ桼ꤹ
  ȤǤƤޤޤʤΤ褦ʥץϥ󥿡ͥåȤưפ
  ǤޤˡLinux  nfsd ϥǥեȤǤΥå򤹤褦
  ʤäƤޤ¾ OS ǤϼưǤΥåꤷʤФʤʤ
  ⤷ޤ󡣤κȤϤ OS  nfsd  man ڡ˵ҤƤ
  ϤǤ

  Ǹˤ⤦ġե륷ƥ `localhost'  127.0.0.1 Ф
  export ƤϤʤޤ󡣤˴ؤƤϻѤƲ

  6.3.  ¦Υƥ: ݡȥޥå

  ΥݡȥޥåѤ nfsd Ȥ߹碌ˤ߷׾꤬ꡢNFS 
  ФΥեؤΥø̵˲ǽˤʤäƤޤäƤޤ
  ʤȤ Linux ΥݡȥޥåѤϤιФŪˤʤäƤ
  ޤĤΥեѤꥹȤꤹ뤳Ȥˤäơ
  ˰ˤǤޤ

  ޤ /etc/hosts.deny ԽޤʲιԤ񤭹ߤޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  portmap: ALL
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ȤɤΥդʤʤޤϤäȶü
  ˤΤǡ/etc/hosts.allow ԽƥݡȤƤӳ뤳Ȥˤʤ
  ޤޤɤΥ饤Ȥ˳뤫ɬפޤޤ
  ΥݡȥޥåѤ˥ɬפΤޥꥹȥåפޤ
  ꤵ줿ƥǤϡݡȥޥåѤΤݡȤ˥
  ɬפʥޥȤΤ˾ʤϤǤݡȥޥåѤ nfsd 
  mountdypbind/ypservpcnfsd ruptime  rusers ʤɤ'r' 
  ɷޤΤ nfsd  mountdypbind/ypserv 
  pcnfsd ΤߤоݤȤʤΤǤۥȥޥΥӥ˥
  ɬפʥޥˤϵĤͿʤФʤޤ㤨ХФΥɥ
   129.240.223.254 ǡ֥ͥå 129.240.223.0 ˤ륯饤ȥ
  Ȥ˥ĤͿȤޤʤ networking HOWTO Ʊ
  ɬפä networking HOWTO ⤦ٸ˹ԤäơʤǾ
  եå夷Ʋˡξ hosts.allow ˰ʲΤ褦
  ˽񤭤ޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  portmap: 129.240.223.0/255.255.255.0
  ______________________________________________________________________

   route ޥɤѤͥåȥɥ쥹ڤ ifconfig Ѥ
  ֥ͥåȥޥƱǤξ eth0 ǥХФ ifconfig
  η̤ϰʲΤ褦ˤʤäƤϤǤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  
  eth0      Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:60:8C:96:D5:56
            inet addr:129.240.223.254  Bcast:129.240.223.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
            UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
            RX packets:360315 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
            TX packets:179274 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
            Interrupt:10 Base address:0x320
  
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Ʊͤ netstat -rn ȤȰʲΤ褦ˤʤϤǤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  Kernel routing table
  Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref Use    Iface
  
  129.240.223.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0   174412 eth0
  
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ʺǽϥͥåȥɥ쥹ˤʤޤ

  hosts.deny  hosts.allow ե˴ؤƤƱ̾ man ڡ˵Ҥ
  ޤ

  : ԤΤȤǤ"man 5 hosts_access" Ǥ

  : portmap ιԤˤ IP ֹʳΤΤϽ񤫤ʤǲۥȥ͡
  䤤碌ϴŪ˥ݡȥޥåѤƤӽФȤꡢȤޤ
  ȥ͡䤤碌ƥݡȥޥåѤƤӽФۥȥ͡
  碌...

  ʾǤʤΥФϿʬäꤷϤǤĤϡʤޤ
  ǤˡꤷƤޥ root ˤ줿ʤ뤤 MS-
  DOS ֡Ȥ줿ˤ餤ǤΤȤ root ¤Ѥȿ
  ݡȤ̤¾Υ桼ꤹޤ褦׵ФȤǽ
  ʤäƤޤޤ

  6.4.  NFS ȥե

  롼եѤ NFS ݡȥޥåѤΥݡȤɤΤ
  ɤͤǤnfsd ̾ݡ 2049  tcp/udp Ѥޤݡ
  ȥޥåѤϥݡ 111  tcp/udpmountd  745  747  tcp/udp 
  ޤΥݡȤ rpcinfo -p Ĵ٤Ǥޤ

  դ NFS ˥եۤϡǶ nfsd  mountd
  ˤ륪ץȤäΡɸʡ˥ݡȤѤ褦ˤ
  ݡȤեǳɤǤ礦

  6.5.  ޤȤ

  hosts.allow/denyroot_squashnosuid  portmapper/nfs եȤø
  ȴϢεǽѤСΤƤݡȥޥåѤ NFS ˴Ϣ
  ¿򤱤뤳ȤǤʤȤ¿ϰ¿뤳ȤǤ
   /home  /var/spool/mail  NFS ޥȤƤȡ
  ΥͥåȥؤοԤ.forward ᡼ܥåΥեü
  ʥޥɤǤޤȤǤޤƱͳ顢PGP ̩
   NFS Ǥ褦ˤ٤ǤϤޤ󡣤뤤ϾʤȤ
  ΤäƤʤФʤޤʺΤä櫓Ǥˡ

  NFS ȥݡȥޥåѤʣʥƥȤ߹碌ʤäƤΤǡ
  ˤ錄äƴ߷פ˥ХȯʤȤϸ¤ޤ󡣤뤤ϸ
  ˤƤ꤬¸ߤƤơïѤƤ뤫⤷ʤΤǤ
  ޤ줬ȸΤǤΤ褦ʪ٤ʤˤϡʤ
  Ȥ comp.os.linux.announce  comp.security.announce ʤɤˤܤ̤
  ƤɬפǤ礦

  7.  ޥȤΥåꥹ

   IBM ҤΡNFS mount problem checklistפȤˤƤޤ
   HOWTO ذѤ뤳ȤĤƤ줿˴դޤ⤷ NFS
  ե륷ƥޥȤݤ꤬顢ݥȤˤ
  ΥꥹȤ򻲾ȤƲơιܤǾ㳲ͻҤȽˡ򵭽ҤƤ
  ޤ

  1. ե륷ƥब export Ƥʤ뤤ȤʤäƤ륯
     饤ȤФ export Ƥʤ

     : export 롣

  2. export ꥹȤ name resolution פʤ

     Ĥޤꡢexport ꥹȤǤ johnmad  export 뤳ȤˤʤäƤ
     ˡjohnmad  johnmad.austin.ibm.com  resolve Ƥ
     "permission is denied" ˤʤäƤޤʤɤǤ

     : ξ̾ export 롣

     ˡ饤Ȥ 2 ĤΥ󥿡եäƤơ줾
     ˰㤦̾դƤΤˡˤ export ƤʤȤ
     ʤȤ⤢꤬Ǥ

     : ξΥ󥿡ե export 롣

     ޤФ饤Ȥ lookuphostbyname ޤ lookuphostbyaddr
     ʤϥ饤֥ؿǤˤǤʤ⤢뤫⤷ޤ󡣥
     饤ȤФ host <name>  host <ip_addr> ԤȤǤ
     ξԤƱޥ򼨤ȤǧƲ

     :name resolution ꤹ롣

  3. NFS ȤǡФΥե륷ƥबޥȤ줿
     Τ褦ʾˤϡФϥޥȥݥȰʲ˱줿ʬ
     export ƤޤޥȤ줿ե륷ƥ export ޤ
     

     : NFSd 򥷥åȥ󤷤ƺƵư롣

     : ޥȥݥȰʲα줿ʬޥȤƤޤä饤
     ȤϡФΥꥹȸ˥Ǥʤʤޤ

  4. դФ饤ȡ뤤Ϥξ礭Ƥ롣
     Τ褦ʾˤϡmake 㤯ˤʤޤ

     : դåȤ롣

     ɮԤդƱ NTP Ѥ뤳ȤޤNTP ˤƹˤ
     ͢еΤǡdebian  redhatslackware Ѥ NTP 
     <ftp://ftp.hacktic.nl/pub/replay/pub/linux/> ޤϤΥߥ顼
     ꤹɬפޤ

  5. 8 İʾΥ롼פ°Ƥ桼Υޥ׵դ
     

     : Υ桼ν°륰롼׿򸺤餹¾Υ桼ǥޥ
     Ȥ롣

  8.  FAQ

  FAQ Ǥ Alan Cox  NFS FAQ ȤˤƤޤ

  1. Linux  nfs Фˤ'stale nfs handle' Ȥ顼ȯ
     ޤ

     ϸŤǤ nfsd ˤХǤnfs-server2.2beta16 ʹ
     ǤϽƤޤ

  2. ե륷ƥޥȤ褦ȤȡʲΤ褦ʥå
     ФƤޤޤ

        can't register with portmap: system error on send

     Caldera Υƥ򤪻ȤǤϤޤ󤫡Υƥˤ rc 
     ץȤ˥ХޤCaldera ϢƽǤƲ
     

  3. NFS Ф˥ԡץब¹ԤǤʤǤ

     Ψͳǡnfsd  open եϥɥ򥭥å夹뤫
     nfsd 桼ΰǼ¹ԤƤ뤳ȤפФƲˡnfsd
     ե򥪡ץ󤷤Ƥ֡ʤĤޤꤽΥե˽񤭹ߤԤ
     ˤˤϡͥϤΥե˼¹ԵĤͿޤ95 ǯν
     ʹߤ nfsd ǤϡΥեϥɥΥ꡼Ͽäǽλޤ
     ŤΤǤϿ⥭å夷ޤޤΤȤ⤢ޤ

  4. NFS ե뤬꡼ɥ꡼ʤΤǤ

     Linux  NFS ФϥǥեȤǤϥ꡼ɥ꡼Ǥexports 
     nfsd  man ڡɤǲ/etc/exports ɬפ
     Ǥ礦

  5. Linux  NFS ФޥȤȤФ餯ФĤɤ߽񤭤
     ʤʤ礬ޤ

     ŤСǤ rsize=1024,wsize=1024 ĤƥޥȤɬפ
     ޤ

  6. ֥å 3500  4000 δ֤ˤƥޥȤȡLinux 
     Ȥå夹뤳Ȥޤ

     ϰϰʳΥ֥åȤäƲ

  7. Linux Ǥ TCP Ѥ NFS ϲǽǤ

     ΤȤǤޤ

  8. Linux ޥ󤫤 NFS ޥȤ򤷤褦ȤԻ׵Ĥʥ顼³
     ޤɽޤ

     NFS Ȥ桼ν°륰롼פ 8 İ˼ޤäƤ뤳Ȥ
     ǧƲŤФǤϤξ郎ɬפʤȤޤ

  9. 饤ȥޥ֡ȤȤϥ󥰤 NFS Ф
     umount ȥ饤Ȥϥ󥰤ƤޤȤޤ

     ֡ȤߤȤˤ NFS Ф umount ñ̵뤷Ʋ
     umount ʤв򵯤ȤϤޤ󡣥ޥɤ
     umount -avt nonfs Ȥʤޤ

  10.
     Linux  NFS 饤Ȥ Sun  BSD Υƥ˽񤭹
     ٤ΤǤ

     NFS ν񤭹ߤ̾ƱŪ˹Ԥޤʤ⤷ǡ򼺤
     ˤʤФ̵ˤ뤳ȤǤޤˡȤˡBSD 
     ͳ褷ͥˤƤϡʥ֥åˤƤ줬ޤǽ
     ʤ礬ΤǤ㤨 Linux  4K Υǡ 1K Υѥ
     Ȥʬƽ񤭹⤦ȤȡBSD ϰʲΤ褦ưԤޤ

                read 4K page
                alter 1K
                write 4K back to physical disk
                read 4K page
                alter 1K
                write 4K page back to physical disk
                etc..

  9.  ե륷ƥ export

  NFS ǥե륷ƥ export ϡץåȥեबۤʤ
  ɬƱȤϸ¤ޤ󡣤Ǥ Linux  Slaris 2 ֤Ϥ
  ǤǤ¿Υƥˤ export ˡñ˥ꥹȤ
  Ȼפޤ⤷ȤΥƥबäƤʤˤϡȤ
  Ƥ OS  man ڡ򸫤ƲɤȤƤϡnfsdsystem
  administration toolrc scriptsboot scriptsboot sequence
  /etc/exportsexportfs ʤɤȤɤǤ礦Ǥ
  /mn/eris/local  apollon  read/write ǽʤ褦 export 
  ˤĤƼȤˤޤ

  9.1.  IRIX, HP-UX, Digital-UNIX, Ultrix, SunOS 4 (Solaris 1), AIX

   OS ǤŪ Sun  export եޥåȤѤƤޤ
  /etc/exports ˰ʲΤ褦˽񤤤Ʋ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /mn/eris/local -rw=apollon
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ܺ٤ʲ exports  man ڡˤޤեԽ
  exportfs -av ¹Ԥƥե륷ƥ export Ʋ

  exportfs ޥɤʸˡФ븷ʤϥƥˤäѤޤOS 
  äƤۤϤԤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /mn/eris/local apollon
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ɤȤ⤢ޤʲΤ褦˾άǤ뤳Ȥ⤢ޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  /mn/eris/local rw=apollon
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ʽ񼰤뤳Ȥ򤪴ᤷޤΥС exportfs
  ޤʸˡ˸ʤСưƤƤߤޤäƤޤ
  ΤǤ顣

  9.2.  Solaris 2

  Sun  Solaris 2 ȯȤˡؤ˺ǽ餫Ƴȯ褦
  Ǥ͡äƤ¾ OS Ȥϴ˰ۤʤäƤޤSolaris 2 Ǥ
  ե /etc/dfs/dfstab ˤʤäƤޤ share ޥ
   share(1M)  man ڡ˽񤫤Ƥ褦˵Ҥޤʲ
  ޤ

  ______________________________________________________________________
  share -o rw=apollon -d "Eris Local" /mn/eris/local
  ______________________________________________________________________

  Խä顢ץ shareall ¹Ԥƥե륷ƥ
  export ޤ

  10.  PC-NFS

  PC-NFS Ȥ鷺 samba Ȥޤ礦

  ʤ PC NFS ˤϤޤߤʤǤ⤷Ϣ
  СƤ򤳤˼ߤȻפäƤޤ

