








			  Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ

		  @: Eric S. Raymond esr@snark.thyrsus.com

		   Ķ: J.S. Lin, r6921068@ms.cc.ntu.edu.tw

			     v5.2, 31 October 1997



				   Abstract

     yzpo,w,P]w Linux W X Window System (X11R6),
     XFree86 3.3 . O@B@B]w XFree86 AtΤW.



1.  

X Window System O UNIX tΤWjj (ǤHi|ejӥBD`)
ϧΤƧ@~. 쥻 X Window System {XO MIT ҵoi;
qɰ_ӷ~c̴Nwg X UNIX xWu~з. ڤW, b@ɤWCx
UNIX u@iH] X Window system U.

@ MIT X Window System version 11, release 6 (X11R6) b 80386/80486/Pentium
UNIX systems WKO,io檺Ӫwgboi, ѭ쥻 David Wexelblat
<dwex@XFree86.org> һɪ{]pvζ.  oӪ,s@ XFree86, iHo
System V/386, 386BSD, ML x86 UNIX @,]A Linux. ]tҦݭn bina
ries, ftɮ, libraries, HΤu.

XFree86 ƬOiHob XFree86 , <URL:http://www.XFree86.org>.

b, ڭ̱N@BByzpb Linux w˩M]w XFree86, AۤvNaŪ
XFree86 }(oǤHU|Q) ӥRYǲӸ`. M,
ϥΩMws[using and customizing]  X Window System OWXd ---
oӥت,AӦbhQרϥ X Window System nѤ,@Ӭ.

1.1  LTӷ

pGAHeqťL Linux, ح@ot[X Window System]򥻸.
noǸƪ̦naOb Linux Documentation Project  home page Y
<URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP>.  AbӤ󤧳̷s,WɥN[up-to-
date],b <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-HOWTO.html>

1.2  o󪺷s

Linux XFree86 HOWTO sN|wʦaiKb comp.os.linux.help M  H
news.answers1 . L̤]N|sU Linux WWW M FTP ,]A LDP home page.


____________________

1. <URL:news:news.answers>

Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      1





Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      2



A`Oਣ쥻󪺳̷sbyT[World Wide Web], ǥѳo URL
<URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-HOWTO.html>.

1.3  ^Pq

pGAo󦳰Dε, ЦۦbHʫH Eric S. Raymond, esr@thyrsus.com.
ګwĳΧ. pGAb󤤧~.
ڪD,ϱoگbUӪץ. .

 n HH, ݨǦpϧAܥdMܾb X U, `B@D.  o
HOWTO NϬOֳt,޵ @ w, ϥηsʦ]w[interactive
configurator].	pGAoͰD,s@U XFree86 Video Timings HOWTO,
<URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/XFree86-Video-Timings-HOWTO.html>.  oO
XFree86's `Videomodes.doc' ɮפ̷s HTML .)  OکҪD,
ѨM]wWxƱ.  pGoWA,ڤ]W.


2.  wݨD

b XFree86 3.3, HUܴլOQ䴩. o]AAܤd
ӻҨϥΪ. pGAbWܷsܥd,
ζR@xsӪܥd, nDcӥTXܥdOasy,,
δ. oiHnDcӬAh޳N䴩q; @cӷ|ַNo.  j
PC wcӷ|oܥdO ``з SVGA d'',  ''ӯॿ`B@''
bAtΤW. @UAn ( Linux M XFree86!)
èS䴩Ҧܴ, ҥHAnԲӪ.

A]oAܥdǥѰ SuperProbe {, ]t XFree86 oM[distri
bution]. obHU|Ժɪ.

HUз SVGA զQ䴩:

   	 Tseng ET3000, ET4000AX, ET4000/W32, ET6000

   	 Western Digital/Paradise PVGA1

   	 Western Digital WD90C00, WD90C10, WD90C11, WD90C24, WD90C30, WD90C31,
     WD90C33

   	 Genoa GVGA

   	 Trident TVGA8800CS, TVGA8900B, TVGA8900C, TVGA8900CL, TVGA9000,
     TVGA9000i, TVGA9100B, TVGA9200CX, TVGA9320, TVGA9400CX, TVGA9420,
     TGUI9420DGi, TGUI9430DGi, TGUI9440AGi, TGUI9660XGi, TGUI9680

   	 ATI 18800, 18800-1, 28800-2, 28800-4, 28800-5, 28800-6, 68800-3,
     68800-6, 68800AX, 68800LX, 88800GX-C, 88800GX-D, 88800GX-E, 88800GX-F,
     88800CX, 264CT, 264ET, 264VT, 264VT2, 264GT

   	 NCR 77C22, 77C22E, 77C22E+

   	 Cirrus Logic CLGD5420, CLGD5422, CLGD5424, CLGD5426, CLGD5428,
     CLGD5429, CLGD5430, CLGD5434, CLGD5436, CLGD5440, CLGD5446, CLGD5462,
     CLGD5464, CLGD6205, CLGD6215, CLGD6225, CLGD6235, CLGD6410, CLGD6412,








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      3



     CLGD6420, CLGD6440

   	 OAK OTI067, OTI077, OTI087

   	 Avance Logic ALG2101, ALG2228, ALG2301, ALG2302, ALG2308, ALG2401

      Chips & Technologies 65520, 65530, 65540, 65545, 65520, 65530, 65540,
     65545, 65546, 65548, 65550, 65554

      MX MX68000, MX680010

      Video 7/Headland Technologies HT216-32

      SiS 86C201, 86C202, 86C205

      ARK Logic ARK1000PV, ARK1000VL, ARK2000PV, ARK2000MT

      RealTek RTG3106

      Alliance AP6422

      Matrox MGA2064W and Mystique cards

      NVidia/SGS Thomson NV1, STG2000

HU㦳[tSʪ SVGA դ]Q䴩:

   	 8514/A (and true clones)

   	 ATI Mach8, Mach32, Mach64

   	 Cirrus CLGD5420, CLGD5422, CLGD5424, CLGD5426, CLGD5428, CLGD5429,
     CLGD5430, CLGD5434, CLGD5436, CLGD5440, CGLD5446, CLGD5462, CLGD5464.

   	 S3 86C911, 86C924, 86C801, 86C805, 86C805i, 86C928, 86C864, 86C964,
     86C732, 86C764, 86C765, 86C868, 86C968, 86C325, 86C988

   	 Western Digital WD90C31, WD90C33, WD90C24A

   	 Weitek P9000

   	 IIT AGX-014, AGX-015, AGX-016

   	 IBM XGA-2

   	 Tseng ET4000/W32, ET4000/W32i, ET4000/W32p, ET6000

   	 Ark Logic ARK1000PV, ARK1000VL, ARK2000PV, ARK2000MT

   	 MGA2064W

ϥγoǴժܥdQ䴩Ҧ׬yƫ[bus type],]A VLB M PCI.

F Avance Logic, MX M Video 7 եu䴩 256 Ҧ,








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      4



HWLPɦ䴩 256 M Ҧ. YAܥd˦ DRAM,
HWիܦh䴩C칳[pixel] 16  32 줸[bits] Ҧ (SOO@
Mach32, P9000, S3 M Cirrus boards). q`]wOC칳 8 줸 (Y 256
).

⪺A{[monochrome server]]䴩 generic VGA cards, Hercules monochrome
card, Hyundai HGC1280, Sigma LaserView, M Apollo monochrome cards. b Compaq
AVGA , u 64k ܰOO䴩A{,  GVGA ٥WL 64k
.

oC@LðݦaN|HɶXW. XFree86 ثe release notes
ӷ|]tҤ䴩ܴժC.

XFree86 oi̩ҭ{@ӰDO,
YܥdsyӬwXXʸӥdҨϥΪɯWv,ӨϥΫDзǾ.
oǻsyӤ,ǭnNS},p{]poidW;
nL̴NOnDoiñ@iMiSn,HoӸ.  oa
XFree86 n骺ۥѴG, ǨƬO XFree86 oiζҤַNh.
n@qɶ,oOӰDoͦb Diamond һsyYܥdW,  XFree86 
3.1 , Diamond wg}lPoӵoiζX@,XKOXʵ{oǥd.

b Linux U XFree86 ҫĳ[]O@x 486 Χn, ӥBܤַft 8 megabytes RAM,
M㦳WzҦCXժܥd. F̦n{, ڭ̫ĳϥΥ[td, Oi
S3-chipset card. Aˬd XFree86 ,
ӥBbMw_I@ժߺAU,ʶRQw餧e,ХˬdASwdO䴩.

Farrel McKay Uܥdb XFree86 UqŤ[benchmark ratings com
parisons]. oǷө`a|iK USENET newsgroups comp.windows.x.i386unix2 ,
comp.os.linux.x3 , <URL:comp.benchmarks>, <URL:comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.video>.
̥io <URL:http://www.goof.com/xbench>.

@譱ȱo@O, Matt Welsh (o FAQ o_H) ӤH Linux system O@x
486DX2-66, 20 megabytes RAM, ˰t 2 megabytes DRAM  VLB S3-864 chipset
card.  LbӾW] X benchmarks ,]b Sun Sparc IPX workstations W].
Linux system jO Sparc IPX  7  (n_s, b Linux Uӥθܥd
XFree86-3.1 j]X 171,000 xstones; Sparc IPX hjO 24,000). @Ө,
bϥΥ[t SVGA d Linux system U XFree86 _إߦbӷ~W UNIX worksta
tions (q`ĥ²檺 framebuffers ӹϧ[graphics]) |Ϊ{.

Aܤֻݭn 4 megabytes  physical RAM, M 16 megabytes  virtual RAM
(|ҦӨ, 8 megs physical M 8 megs swap).  OA physical RAM
Vh,tηoͰOuʦӭn洫[swap]swо|V.  ]洫[swap
ping]WOC(ϺЬ۸OOZC), nyZa] XFree86 ,  8
megabytes RAM ΧhOn. 16 megabytes n.  㦳 4 megabytes  physical
RAM tΥi] 8 megs ΧhtκC \h (ƦܥiF 10 ).





____________________

2. <URL:news:comp.windows.x.i386unix>

3. <URL:news:comp.os.linux.x>







Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      5



3.  w XFree86

ܦi,Ao XFree86 O Linux distribution[oM] @, bر,
}UӳnOSn. bΤU,AiHLo@`.

XFree86  Linux binary distribution iHb\h FTP .  b XFree86 ,
Ob <URL:ftp://ftp.xfree86.org/pub/XFree86/current/binaries/Linux-ix86> (
̦bgɭ, ثeO 3.2A; ̷shwaX).

b䥦F褧e,UB `preinst.sh'  shell script.
oiHiDA,bA~Awˤe,AݭnbmMn.

pGAU XFree86, oӦCCXb XFree86-3.3 nM󤤪ɮ.

HU server @Oݪ:

      X338514.tgz
	    Server for 8514-based boards.

      X33AGX.tgz
	    Server for AGX-based boards.

      X33I128.tgz
	    Server for the Number Nine Imagine 128.

      X33Mach32.tgz
	    Server for Mach32-based boards.

      X33Mach64.tgz
	    Server for Mach64-based boards.

      X33Mach8.tgz
	    Server for Mach8-based boards.

      X33Mono.tgz
	    Server for monochrome video modes.

      X33P9K.tgz
	    Server for P9000-based boards.

      X33S3.tgz
	    Server for S3-based boards.

      X33S3V.tgz
	    Server for the S3 ViRGE and ViRGE/VX (considered beta)

      X33SVGA.tgz
	    Server for Super VGA-based boards.

      X33W32.tgz
	    Server for ET4000/W32-based boards.

pGADn@,N VGA16 server,X33VGA16.tgz.
ޫ,AnUo@,]ANݭnbUӨBJh۰ʳ]wu.








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      6



HUɮ׳O:

      preinst.sh
	    Pre-installation script

      postinst.sh
	    Post-installation script

      X33bin.tgz
	    The rest of the X11R6 binaries.

      X33cfg.tgz
	    Config files for xdm, xinit and fs.

      X33doc.tgz
	    Documentation.

      X33man.tgz
	    Manual pages.

      X33fnts.tgz
	    75dpi, misc and PEX fonts

      X33lib.tgz
	    Shared X libraries and support files.

      X33set.tgz
	    XF86Setup utility

      X33VG16.tgz
	    Server for VGA/EGA-based boards.

HUɮ׬Oܩʪ:

      X33f100.tgz
	    100dpi fonts

      X33fcyr.tgz
	    Cyrillic fonts

      X33fnon.tgz
	    Other fonts (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Hebrew)

      X33fscl.tgz
	    Scalable fonts (Speedo and Type1)

      X33fsrv.tgz
	    Font server and config files

      X33prog.tgz
	    X header files, config files and compile-time libs

      X33lkit.tgz
	    X server LinkKit








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      7



      X33lk98.tgz
	    PC98 X server LinkKit

      X33nest.tgz
	    Nested X server

      X33prt.tgz
	    X print server

      X33vfb.tgz
	    Virtual framebuffer X server

      X33ps.tgz
	    PostScript version of the documentation

      X33html.tgz
	    HTML version of the documentation

 XFree86 ؿӥ]tثe release notes b RELNOTES.
w˲Ӹ`,id\Ӥ[RELNOTES].

ҭnw XFree86 u@OoHWɮ, (H root ) إ /usr/X11R6 ؿ,
Mq /usr/X11R6 Ѷ}ɮצpUCO:

     gzip -dc X33bin.tgz | tar xfB -


Oo tar ɮ׬O۹ /usr/X11R6 ؿҥ]˰_Ӫ,
ҥHܭnOnbظѥ]].

AݭnTw /usr/X11R6/bin O]bA path .  oiHǥѽsAtΤw
/etc/profile  /etc/csh.login (DھڧA,ΦbAtΤLϥΪ,ҨϥΪ
shell өw).  Ϊ̧AiH²aק /etc/.bashrc  /etc/.cshrc (A shell
өw) ӧӥؿ[JAӤH path .

A]ݭnTw /usr/X11R6/lib Q runtime linker ld.so .  Fo,[o

     /usr/X11R6/lib


o /etc/ld.so.conf, MH root h /sbin/ldconfig,


4.  ]w XFree86

4.1  @]w

He,n]wn XFree86 HKϥΧAƹ, L, ܾ, Mܥd, OWt,
ݭnjq˦۰ʤh]wM|սվ[hand-hacking] @ӫܽ]wɮ[configu
ration file], iO@ؤiǪN.  {bAݭnF;
3.2/3.3o,ϳoӹL{XGSNqF.  AҭnO} XF86Setup {.

o{D̿{ҦsXfӥBft EGA/VGA OܾPCw鱡pөw.
ĥ SVGA16 server ӥBQΥḨC@q 640x480 ҦӶ} X.








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      8



Mᥦ椬ʦ{,aAgLs򤭭ӳ]wO -- mouse, keyboard, (video)
card, monitor, M `other' (UU˪ server ﶵ). L{۷².

@pInOO,pGAjhƤHϥΥثePC, ALڤWO XF86Setup
ҩIs `Generic 102-key PC (intl)' ӤOww `Generic 101-key PC'.
pGAܹww(101), bAL[keyboard]k(ƦrΨ [numeric keypad
and friends])Ws[key cluster]i|S@.

pGATwAܾ[monitor type],AiHsոեҦCX.
ŅAߺDѤWU(Wﶵҥ]tOC dot-clock t,
ӥBwnD]C). pGoͤFVéYaᦱܧ[distorted]ϧή,
Щ^[Back off]. pᦱܧ (ϧεyӤj,yӤp,εy)
OjD; AOiHWǥѷL[fine-tuning] mode ӭץ.

A, {} xvidtune \Ahվ[tweak]AܼҦ[video mode],
Olĵi[warning box]ϧAPi. {bhWܾ[multisync monitors]
(L̥HeOΩwW) |]γo覡ӴNla.

4.2  ѨMx

A}l} X server, Ƕذ|S]wܥT.
o`OXG|ѧA]wɮפ@ǰDҤް_.  q`bOܾ timing values
T, ܥd dot clocks ]wT.  ּưDiHǥ xvidtune ӸѨM;
ùWbOVäM,q`O Aݭn^ XF86Setup
ӿܥ\Cܾ[monitor type].

pGAܦn[roll], ҽkM[fuzzy], oܲMaܾ tim
ing values  dot clocks O. A, nTwAOTaXAܥd, b
XF86Config  Device q䥦ؤ]Op.	nTwAOϥΥT X
server ,ӥB /usr/X11R6/bin/X Ÿs [symbolic link]o server.

pGoͨ䥦ҦѪp, ո ''ra[bare]'' } X; ]NO,
ϥιo˪O:

     X > /tmp/x.out 2>&1


MAiHh X server (ϥ ctrl-alt-backspace 䪺զX) ӥBˬd /tmp/x.out
e. X server |iĵiο~---|, pGAܥdS@ dot clock
i۲ŦXAܾҤ䴩Ҧ.

OAiHϥ ctrl-alt-numeric + M ctrl-alt-numeric - Ӥb XF86Config
 Screen q Modes  ҦCXܼҦ.
Y̰ѪR׼Ҧݰ_ӫܾA,ոդCѪR.	oܤַ|ADA X
]woOTB@.

A, ˬd@UAܾWPjp/Ǳۯ.  bܦhpU, X
}Ү, oǬOݭnվ㪺. |ӨҤl, pGܾnI@,
q`Aϥܾӭץo.

USENET  newsgroup comp.windows.x.i386unix DnObQצ XFree86,
comp.os.linux.x ]O. ݤ@U newsgroup
ǻPAܥd峹]\OӦnDN---A]\nݨYǤHAۦPD.









Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						      9



4.3  ۩w]w

pGAܾ䴩 1600x1200 -- ӥ XF86Setup
Ӧwˤ̰ү䴩ѪR׬O 1280x1024,
A|ݭn˦۰ʤhսվ[hand-hack]A X ]w,HKǫΤƪ{.

pGoӲzѩΨ䥦z, ӧAQn˦۰ʤhսվ[hand-hack]Aܳ]w,
hݤ@U LDP  XFree86 Video Timings HOWTO, <URL:http://sun
site.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/video-modes.html>. (oNO XFree86  `Videomodes.doc'
ɮפ̷s HTML .)

4.4  ϥ 16-줸 C

ھڤw, X ϥ 8-줸 `[color depth]Ӧ256. ׶}oح,
ܦhε{tmL̦ۤvm[colormap],ɭPCഫ,
ЦbӦU֦ۤvmϤʮ.  Arena WWW sNOoˤl.

pGAQnϥΥiϧΤƪε{,256]\.  AiH²aϥ 16-줸
`Ӧ 65K , ǥѶ} X ,ΥHUO

	 startx -- -bpp 16

Ϊ̱NUCo

	 exec X :0 -bpp 16

\iA .xserverrc ɮפ. n`NO,OҦε{ 16-bit
Cӥ`B@.

hCnAܥdbۦPɶഫh. pGAܥdI,
NOѪR[resolution]άOsv[refresh rate]nC.  XFree
wOCѪR. pGAnOѪRצӭCsv, As[J@A Mod
eline A XF86Config ɮפ, wq㦳̧CsvUѪR.|ӨҤl,
N­

     Modeline "1024x768"  75  1024 1048 1184 1328 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync




     Modeline "1024x768"  65  1024 1032 1176 1344 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync.


oت]NƦr 75 M 65 OUӮɯ߲v[clock rates], ǬOA X ObA
.X.err ɮت. dߤ@Ub XF86  monitors ɮ,b 16 줸`U
̾AXAܥdǰe̤jɯ߲v Modelines.


5.   XFree86

A XF86Config w]w, Aǳƶ} X server եΤ@U, нTw /usr/X11R6/bin
]bA path .

} XFree86 OO








Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						     10



     startx


oO xinit  front-end[eݤ] (bL UNIX t,A|ߺDϥ xinit).

oON|}l X server ӥBbAڥؿ[home directory]U .xinitrc
ɮפҧ쪺O.    .xinitrc uOӥ]tҭn X clients  shell script.
pGoɮפsb, tΤw /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xinitrc N|Qϥ.

@Ӽз .xinitrc ɮ׬ݰ_o:

     #!/bin/sh

     xterm -fn 7x13bold -geometry 80x32+10+50 &
     xterm -fn 9x15bold -geometry 80x34+30-10 &
     oclock -geometry 70x70-7+7 &
     xsetroot -solid midnightblue &

     exec twm


o script N}Ҩ xterm clients, @ oclock, ӥB]wڵ[root win
dow](I)C⦨ `Ŧ[midnightblue].  Mᥦ}ҵ޲z{ twm. `N twm
O shell  exec zy[statement]Ұ檺; oy xinit {[process]Q twm
N. @ twm {}, X server N.  AiHϥ root [menus] Ө twm
}: bୱIW} mouse Ĥ@ӫ---oNX{UԪ,NAiH}
Exit Twm.

Twb .xinitrc ̫᭱OOH exec}Y, Ө|QbI檺
(ӦbY,SA[ampersand]ʧ@).  _h, X server ,
N|Ah .xinitrc ɮפ client.

~, AiH ctrl-alt-backspace զX} X.  o|屼 X server,
}t.

HWOD`,D`²檺ୱ]w. n]\hn{γ]wOiHbA .xinitrc
ɮפy[קYi. |ҦӨ, fvwm ޲z{ |ѵୱ,
ӧAiḨAߦnөwsC,r,jpΦm.

pGAOsĲ X Window System @~; ڭ̱jPĳA@ The X Window
System: A User's Guide n.	ϥλP]w X bO`JҥH[\bo.
ݤ@U xterm, oclock, M twm  man pages, Nqoƶ}la.

5.1  ϥΪ

 1996 ~vkݩ Eric S. Raymond. AiHۥѦaϥ, , Pƻs,
unA:

    SLܧoӪv.

    SLܧoӪǸΤ.

    SLܧ󥻤ҫ쪺ثe WWW .









Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						     11



    MaФW@Y, ܧ, Ϊs.

osتOO٤@ǼbŪ, קKݨ쪺O¦ηla.
pGA{Aҥ~p, iHVڸ߰ݤ@U.

5.2  P

This document was originated by Matt Welsh in the dim and backward abysm of
time.  Thanks, Matt!





















































Linux XFree86 HOWTO Ķ						     12





































































				   CONTENTS



1.  ..................................................................... 1
   1.1 LTӷ ......................................................... 1
   1.2 o󪺷s ....................................................... 1
   1.3 ^Pq ........................................................... 2

2. wݨD ................................................................. 2

3. w XFree86 ............................................................. 5

4. ]w XFree86 ............................................................. 7
   4.1 @]w ............................................................. 7
   4.2 ѨMx ............................................................. 8
   4.3 ۩w]w ............................................................. 9
   4.4 ϥ 16-줸 C  ................................................. 9

5.  XFree86 ............................................................. 9
   5.1 ϥΪ .......................................................... 10
   5.2 P ................................................................ 11


































				       i


