








			  媩 The Linux News HOWTO

		     @: Vince Skahan vince@halcyon.com

		    Ķ: Hu,Shih-Ming smhu@ish.chna.edu.tw

			    v1.4, 29 November 1995



				   Abstract

     oOyzh]wB@b Linux tΤU USENET News AC
     pGznbۤvDΦPɦbۤvHΧOHDWŪB
     iKsDܡAhziݭngC
     pGzèSbztδѺsDAܡA
     ziH\Ū󪺡C



1.  

󪺥تOnѵ@Ǧ Linux tΤW USENET
NewsWݨӲŦXҿסuɱ`Q߰ݪDvA H Linux Slackware
WSwDC

ά Mail  UUCP "HOWTO"NNӱiKb comp.os.linux.announce
W UUCP-NEWS-MAIL-FAQC

1.1  󥻤󪺧s

󪺷sNwiKb comp.os.linux.announce, comp.answersnews.answers
WC Pɤ]|X{b mirror ftp://sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO
anonymous ftp sites WF

Pɱz]iHb LinuxyT]WWW^http://sun
site.unc.edu/mdw/linux.htmlWoC

1.2  N^X

wzϥιqllӪܱz糧󪺷N]ެOάOtN^C
pGzo{~άOʤ򪺸ܤ@wnPpôC

Ҧ쪺qllڳ|ݡAO@w|C
nDW[enD]\bɾB
NqݨDA٦CѪȳXApU|[HҼ{C
]ĶG٭nboǱWA[W@ӡu쨺ɦpGٰOoܡvF
ܩ󤤤媩pGzıoNܡA mailto:smhu@ish.chna.edu.twC^

flames ܡA|wR /de/null hAҥHnӷЧڡC

@ISO Linux ɮרtΤèSҿתзǪ|A


媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      1





媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      2



b󤺪|ObgɪзǩάOڨpHLC
бzMzϥΪѪ̸ߥ̪|C

zpG󥻥󪺮榡NܡAЩM HOWTO @ - Greg Hankins
(gregh@sunsite.unc.edu)pôC

1.3  vi

News-HOWTO vOݩ Vince Skahan C
]ĶGMաA媩vNOݩڪ! ^

\ӭvrƻsBsδάOqlCAӤݭnAq@̡C
pGĶ̴OѽĶAh½ĶP˪Q\C

²uޥΤݦA|@̡A lͪu@άOS News-HOWTO
ݸHۥ󪺭A άOX媺XBC

Pɤ\ιyӷ~ʪǼFަpA
@̱NַܼNQ|]pGzAذe@@̪ܡ^C
]ĶGڬOΨ·аաIpGOӷ~ʽ誺ǼܡA
бNCӦrsx@rOH Linux WqO̤а|NiHFI^

ƹWAڭ̧ƱzLUغ޹DӱsoǸTA OAڭ٬OƱOd HOWTO
󪺪vC

ڭ̧Ʊb HOWTOS ̭ҦQsŶǡC pGzDAлP Linux HOWTO
޲z -- Greg Hankins sA LqllHc gregh@sunsite.unc.edu

1.4  ~d

MաAڤϥΥҤޥӪGtOdCzϥΨ䤤[B
ҤlBΨL󳡥IѱzۦӾC

1.5  LTӷ

1.5.1  USENET

	news.admin.misc 	sDA޲z̪@DC
	news.admin.policy	USENET ҵoG@ǬFC
	news.admin.technical	@sDA(moderated)C
	news.software.b 	Qפ@ǻP B-news ۮenC
	news.software.nn	QצsDŪ{ "nn"C
	news.software.nntp	sDǿwC
	news.software.readers	@ǥΨŪsDnC
	news.sysadmin		tκ޲z̪סC
	news.announce.newusers	@ǱiKsϥΪ̪Gi(moderated)C
	news.newsuers.questions  USENET s⪺DPѵ

1.5.2  y

Cyiz|UC

    "Managing UUCP and USENET"  O'Reilly+Associates ҥXC
     ̧ڪNoO@ USENET {Ψw̦nyC








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      3



    "Unix Communications"  Waite Group ҥXC
     Uӳ椸Υ̦p󵲦X@_ܦnyzC

    "Practical Unix Security"  O'Reilly+Associates ҥXC  UUCP
     wܦnQסC

    "The Internet Complete Reference"  Osborne O@ܦnѦҮyA
     UئbںWPAȡA]t newsBmail ΨLںW귽C

    "The Linux Networking Administrators' Guide" Ӧ Olaf Kirch  Linux
     DOCӦܤ֦ O'Reilly  SSC XC @NҦUNIX
     FӪDFiDzC ]ĶGnpAum...
     EYOΪAI^

1.6  Ǧa褣AXШDU

b Linux U]wΰUSENET  news èSSaA ҥHФnNP news
DiK comp.os.linux.* sDQ׸sC ]ĶGb tw.bbs.comp.linux
WnSoظTҧaI]\O]j
D]uOupwˡvաAup]wvάOup...voDaI^

DzDnOuu Linux ~] ҦpGЧiDڦb SLS v1.03 Wϥ
bash1.12 nh INN ܡA
ݭnǸɤB(patch)^oDChziHbsDs߰ݡC

ڦAƤ@

@ӻASzѦb comp.os.linux sDsiKP news 峹C wg
news.* sDsiHhBzzҦDC ]ĶGbaAnews Qצb
tw.bbs.netnewsF LӪǤjѯŪsbAҥHniKeЦATA
bxܥiO@InFQQݡA @ News Server
޲z̳]|ݥXoˤlDA pGz feeder DFA
ڬݰաILun@QPzHܡA Ψb]|I -- ѥL news
server ]\NQzLNѪ欰dF]wI^

pGzNOP Linux SwY峹iK comp.os.linux.* A
zOaMDUFC USENET news Ѥ̤o|h Linux
sDQ׸s ]@L̫ܤ֬O] Linux @~tΪ^C

PiKuO Linux ~|DD Linux
sDQ׸sObOzۤvΨLHɶA
åBɱ`~zҴDһݭnСC


2.  wݨD

b Linux U] USENET News SSOnDC
unHxsnνu(thread)ƮwHΨsDe󫬺AxsCNiHFC
@ӭ}l̳̤pݨDqOwи̦ 10 MBŶC
]ĶGOťLAoؤjNOءuڤ]...vئw˪kաI
@ tw.bbs.* @ѴN 10 MB FA unz feeder @}leAz`C
expire ӨBTaI pGzƱ峹OdӨgܡA  10 * 14 = 140 MB
N]FA [W@ǦSAjn 200 MBA
pGSӨSǪGG]]wӤnӸƦ^dܡA Oz INND








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      4



WNuvFI^


3.  o USENET news n

"HOWTO"n鳣iHHںW anonymous ftp site oC

 ftp.uu.net  /networking/news MA@ӻO@Ӧn}lC

newspak-2.4.tar.z tb Linux tΤUwإ uucpBnews  mail
n骺]w(config file)Ūڪɮ(readme)C oǳOKOCziHb
sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/system/Mail/news 쥦C
pGzbWzaSk쪺ܡA еڤ@
emailAڱN|TwziHo@ӽƥC ĶGsiHbHUaIoG
ftp://mail.ncku.edu.tw/pub/os/Linux/Unofficial/sunsite-incoming/news
pak-2.5.tar.gz ftp://ftp.ccu.edu.tw/pub1/unix/Linux/system/news/news
pak-2.5.tar.gz


4.  sDǰen

b{bAUNIX tΤUjsDǰenA@ӬO Cnews H INNC ª Bnews
wŧGu`vFA ӥB@̤]A䴩FC

bo̩һsDǰenObBzA
HϱoiK峹oHǻΨϱosD\ŪniHhsnC

ziH]wzߨzwaA un UUCP |iH rnew
\i(Permission file)A Hαz]wFzsD\ŪnA ϱoiHh
"inews"  "mail"C ]ĶGثebxWϥ UUCP
̨NʪjO緽ͷ~إߪ UUserv FI  cthuang@UUserv.NET.tw
ҴѥHUTI

>zb <4p3h97$8jj@ish.chna.edu.tw> 峹: >: iHh "inews" 
"mail"C  ]ĶG{b٦Hb UUCPܡ^ >MrCUUserv
ϺOxWּƴ UUCP aC >ӥB]OxW̤j UUCP ߩOC
um...F    ^

`NGpGzզPɦw Cnews  INN Az@wOb۴MWoF
uoөάOt~@ӡCiH[J NNTP  "reference Release"  Cnews A
]ӥ̴NuAڻvC

4.1  Cnews Cleanup Release

ثebsDWзǪӬO Cnews FC
wgXӦnh~FAڬOb1988~Ĥ@ݨ쥦C ثes Cnews Cleanup
ReleaseA O CR.G ɤBC

Cnews DnnBOסCz|o{iHbUت *nix tΰA
ثeb@ɤwƥHdptάOϥ Cnews C

DnIhOnOnǧQ uucp  modem sIҨϥΪC
]b޲zںήɨtΪeŪɡA ݭnB~ NNTP nC









媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      5



ަpA@ӷs USENET ޲z̭̦nOܨϥ CnewsC
]OpíwA }nΦnXdӦg窺޲z̥iH^zDC

'Cleanup Release'ܤF]tF Overview 䴩A ӥBLh٭n֡C
GONOz{biHϥ Cnews NOV ҴѪ\A
Ӥݥt~AQΨLnӤ䴩sDŪ{p nnB tinB trnC

ڨèS㪺phwˤγ]woӳnA ]Oڦba̦n[HeNഫ
INNFC pGHnѧڦ譱uA аeӹqll󵹧ڡC

b sunsite  newspak tb Linux tΤW] Cnews Cleanup Release ]wɡC
ӱzpGnϥ bash1.12 ܫhzݭn@ǸɤBu@C

򥻤Wz]s 'quiz' }åBĥιw]ȡC zѦұz /usr/include
Ӧ^@sꪺDA Oz]ߡAǳOܩTC

4.1.1  w Cnews

w Cnews Cleanup Release OD`ªu@F unol{AѶ}̡A
Mӫܥh@NnFC

b newspak  quiz.def OzĤ@ quiz ɩҲͪC ӱzundݦb
/usr/include ɮ״NiHo쥿TסC

zݭn̪񪩥 bash ~iH Cnews qLۧڴաC ziHQ 'bash -ver
sion'ӪDz{bϥΪ bash C 1.14.2 O򪺰C
bڼgoӤ󪺮ɭԡAݰ_ 1.14.5 nnǡC

Steve Robbins wTw̪񪺪 'Cnews Cleanup Release' o{P GNU shellu
tils-1.9 Xɦ@ΡI ڰOo Steve NɤB sunsiteC

4.1.2  ]w Cnews

ܤֱzݭnhsάOݤ@UU@ɮסA ̳b /usr/local/lib/newsC

     active		- active ɮסC]ĶGNOsznsDQ׸sWr^
     batchparms 	- 妸@~ѼơC
     explist		- ]w峹sɶC
     mailname		- mail replies ɦb header WrC
     mailpaths		- niK峹 moderated  mail ߡC
     organization	- zqW١C
     sys		- ǬOznάOeC
     whoami		- b Path: zDW١C

4.1.3  @ Cnews

A̭nhNOnʥh˶èǥӦε{h]wɮסC
SOOnʥh]w newsfeed ]ziH] addfeed^Χ˶ñz active ɮ
]ziH] addgroup^C zðݪɭԡAŪ...AŪbl{C

CƳiHQ cron ӰC ڪ crontab  news pUG











媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      6



	  # take the compressed batches that came in from other systems
	  # also, post (locally) articles that originated here
	  20 *	  * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/input/newsrun

	  # batch 'em up to go out
	  0 *	  * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/batch/sendbatches myfeedsite

	  # expire C-news
	  59 0	  * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/expire/doexpire

	  # monitor stuff and report if needed
	  10 5	     * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/newsdaily
	  00 5	     * * * /usenet/sw/new/bin/newswatch

	  # turn processing of incoming news batches off 6:30AM - 4:00 PM
	  30 6	  * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/input/newsrunning off
	  00 16        * * * /usenet/sw/news/bin/input/newsrunning on

4.2  InterNetNews (INN)

INN OsDWRx̡AOѩ󥦪ʨϱoowC DnnBO
tץHΥ]tF㪺 nntp ]ˡC
DnIOOݩsө|b\hзǪ *nix
tΤWwˤΨS岫]LC t~AݭnӦu@]daemon^@b]innd^
ΦA[W@ overchan  daemon hBzu(threading)C
мmݨӴNOi[Oθ֪tסC

ڴgb@x 8MB 386-33]S] Xwindows^ DW INN H UUCP
ΦzL14.4 kb modem ӦL@ӱߤW̰ 5 MB sDeqOA
åBS󪺰DC

ޥb Linux UOֳtӥB۷íwA
Oѩ󥦹}lsDA޲z̦ӨèS㪺
]MuꪺάOpGzѥHA]O۷e^C ҥHs
USENET޲z̳̦nO Bnews άO Cnews A
zsDF۷{׫Ahϥ INNC ]ĶGOťLA
bxWO@ʥxsDADܤ֦EQxOw INN A ֬OuALb
Linux Ww˨äOܧxA {b News FAQ part 1-9Hά۷㪺manual
pageA uOzһݭnuOhI\ҴNOաI רO C.S.Chen FKա^

INN  permission OܯSOAO⥦̧˲VFC

INN зǪ TCP/IP nD]ܯSA Linux bo譱äOܦXGA
]z̦nOh@ Linux  archie site Sw Linux Ϊ INN
ӥΥiC ]ĶGo@譱b Linux 1.3.67 HW TCP/IP
vgŦXnDFA ثe smart Okernel 1.3.70HWA[W inn1.4unoff4
um...ڻ unoff5 XӤFI ϥ redhat 3.0.3 iHL̤q ftp site U
newspak-unoff3~5.rpm HO@ binary distribution^

4.2.1  w INN

( HUӦ Arjan de Vet - devet@info.win.tue.nl )

ڬFn INN 1.4 iHb Linux W]A OFnɤBγ]wɡA








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      7



ziHbHUaoG

ftp.win.tue.nl:/pub/linux/ports/inn-1.4-linux.tar.gz

INN ݭn@Ө}n /bin/shCڨϥ bash 1.13 beta ]ziHbU ftp site
쥦^C bash 1.12 @ǤpDA ǺsDsäॿTx
]]\٦LDALڤOoF^C

4.2.2  ]w INN

򥻤Wunz Arjan's ޡA NiH⥦]wC
o̬O@ǶnǤ򪺺KnC

    b config.dataATwzwN HAVE_UNIX_DOMAIN ]w DONTC
     ]ĶGbϥηs kernel inn-1.4unoff4 ɡAziH]w DO^

    Nz] innd xDW٥[J hosts.nntpA pGzuϥ uucp ܡA
     NJz sitenameC

    Twz /etc/inetd.conf  nntp wg"#"N comment FC
     ]ĶGpGμɤO@I覡ANܱN kill ^

    pGzw Taylor UUCPܡA h٭nN config.data  HAVE_UUSTAT ]
     DOC pGzb]w~ܡA |ɭPSkN news ~eC

    pGz] INNAzȥOonhק syslog.confAozܤjܤjUC

INN ӫܯSO FAQACӤ볣|wiK news.software.nntp, news.soft
ware.b,news.answersC z]iHb rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/news
UoC zN|ܰzFI

4.2.3  @ INN

ڵo{ Linux  INN site F]w@ cron ~A XGUC
򥻤Wzݭn@ǹHU crontabG

	  # daily maint, also expire the .overview database and articles
	  1 0 * * * /usenet/sw/inn/bin/news.daily expireover delayrm < /dev/null

	  # send 'em out
	  5 * * * * /usenet/sw/inn/lib/send-uucp

]pGzwg bash 1.13 h "< /dev/null" NݭnF^

4.3  @ǨLsDǰen

HUCX@Ǧb Linux WT{]iH]sDǰenG

    dynafeed

    nntp1.5.11

    slurp1.05









媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      8



4.4  Ķ̪

½ĶFѥbѡAGOU½UjC ٦nOڦbw INN ɭԡA
٨SݨoHOWTOA _hݤFѥbѡAणw˪_ӡA ڬ٬OӤjDI
HUOQ Slackware Linux ]ڧѤF@ӪFաIO 3.0  :-(
Ӽ˨ӬqnG pGznQ 3.0HWӦwˡA
oͤ@N~AGѱzۦӾA LګhD Slackware w˷|FܡH
pGzQ 3.0 w˫ᦳFGA  email iDڡ^

ONOzn Slackware Linux աA nozNۤv]kaI ݬOn
hopenet СA ٬OnQκwˡA άOnR Slackware
ڳSNաI

ziHQ pkgtool Ӧw N tC̭ inndC |zw˪thF
OAuOthӤwA äOzw˪nnOI
z٬OݭnAh@ǳ]wաI

@InU쪺OA Slackware  inn Ow˨ /usr/lib/news hA
ӤO@몺/usr/local/lib/news C

MzN cd /usr/lib/news/tools.linux A oӸ̭nh_éOA
z⦳ӥsINSTALL.linux LFXӡA
MzNӤWBJ@B@BUhjN񧹦FC
ڦbUҪOq½ĶLӪA ٬OjPĳz̦n٬OݭlC

---------------------------------------------------------------------
tλݨDG

    ld.so

    libc.so.4	-> libc.so.4.5.19

    smail άO sendmail

w˨BJG

  1.	QαzM˪uѶ}{աA b Slackware Linux hOQΨ䤽ε{ pkg
      toolC

  2.	TwztΤӨϥΪ̤θsզW٥s news C

	       /etc/passwd
			    news:*:9:13:news:/usr/lib/news:
				 | |  |____ GID 13 !
				 | |_______ UID 9 !
				 |_________ oӭgFApGzOnews::9:13
	       ܡAHiHϥ news åBݭn password NiH login
	       FApGz̬Ooˤl]wAЧiDڡAѥh.....    ^_^

	       /etc/group
			    news::13:news
				   |_______GID 13!










媩 The Linux News HOWTO						      9



  3.	]@ script |HH usenetAҥH]w@ mail  aliasA
      ⥦b /etc/aliasesCepUG

	       /etc/aliases:
			     news: root
			     usenet: root


      MAQ newaliases RO alias ƮwC

  4.	 /etc/rc.d/rc.local [J inn _ʪ script "rc.news"

	       # start inn
	       /usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news

  5.	Nb /usr/lib/news/tools.  ̭ӥs crontab-news ɮ׽ƻs
      /usr/spool/cron/crontabs/newshA åBNAקC
      ṊӦWr令esDzDW١C

  6.	z{b news LIBDIR Ob /usr/lib/newsC
      ]ܦhsDŪ{| /usr/local/lib/news hŪ]wA
      ]zݭn@ӲŸsG

	       ln -s /usr/lib/news /usr/local/lib/news


      pGzbHegw˹L Cnews ܡA Nwgsb
      /usr/local/lib/newsFA ]zݭnQ rm NI

  7.	news  spool ؿb /var/spool/newsC
      pGbztΤwgbPؿU news 峹ɡA ӱzSwg
      /var/spool/news ؿɡA /var/spool/news ؿA MANz news
      spool ؿӲŸs ]ҦpApGz즳b /news ܡ^

	       ln -s /news /var/spool/news

  8.	קb /usr/lib/news U config ɡG bHUɮפḙpGݨ
      manlobbi A oܬOӷsDADA  knobel OڪsDȤݡC
      zhsb /usr/lib/news HUɮסC


	       expire.ctl hosts.nntp inn.conf moderators newsfeeds
	       nnrp.access nntpsend.ctl passwd.nntp

      HW@wnק諸 inn.conf, hosts.nntp, newsfeeds, nnrp.access L
      ... um.. NݵۿnFC pGzO nntpsend ܡA zNݭnh
      nntpsend.ctl

  9.	إߤ@ӪŪhistory database  log













媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     10



	       :>/usr/lib/news/history
	       :>/usr/lib/news/history.dir
	       :>/usr/lib/news/history.pag
	       :>/usr/lib/news/errlog
	       :>/usr/lib/news/log
	       chmod 664 /usr/lib/news/{history*,log,errlog}
	       chown news.news /usr/lib/news/{history*,log,errlog}

 10.   H root  makedirs.sh

 11.  Q man news-recovery hŪ news-recoveryC ]tzwNz news
      tΪ@Ũ INN ɦph^_C

 12.   T{z uucp permission file \ uux h] rnews  grnewsC um...
      ioA½UhFA oӯuoO걡PA An uucp ܡH K@UA
      pGz~WeC 28.8k ܡA ڬݴNFA nAˤ news server
      FF eǤloLF@UUA pGutw.bbs.*ܡA @ѷ|Y@
      14.4k WeC

 13.   oIDA pGSOܡA b News FAQ
      ̭ĳki|n@ǡI

	       NOb /etc/syslog.conf [J

	       *.=info;*.=notice;news.none   /usr/adm/messages
				^^^^^^^^^^
				 [Wh
	       news.crit		     /var/log/news/news.crit
	       news.err 		     /var/log/news/news.err
	       news.notice;news.info	     /var/log/news/news.notice

      oTɡAnews.daily bCѰ檺ɭԡA |NY_ӡA
      M/var/log/news/OLD ̭hA w]ȬOsCѡA WrnNO
      news.err.gz.1oؼˤlA  .7 NCѫe@ log C

      ڴgݹLܦhHO /usr/adm/messages  /usr/adm/syslog
      ̭hAoˤlIO messages |@jA  news.daily ä|hBz
      messages oɡA F@ѡAz]Su{iHݥάOhs襦A
      Nu⥦Ro@ӤwC
      iOzDˤli঳ǭnTNQz...FC

      um...GMO~jFA``ѪFѦ誺A z٭nQ ps  syslogd  pidA
      MQ kill -HUP pid s_ʥ~γI

 14.   ק /etc/inetd.conf eC Ṋ@ nntp ⥦RI
      άOb檺e[W@ "#" C oӥتOb Cnews ̭OQ inetd
      hť port 119 pG connect o port ܡA inetd Ns nntp աC
      O INN @kӤ@ˡA OQ innd o daemon hťo port A
      ҥHpGo port QϥΤFA innd QAQΥFC

      FA Q ps ax d inetd  pid A MQ kill -HUP pid s_
      inetdC










媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     11



 15.   QΤUzRO_ inndA OonH root I


	       /usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news


---------------------------------------------------------------------

{bz innd Ӥwg_ʤFA ziHQ ps Oݨ쥦C
pGSݨ쪺ܤjOhFA  /var/log/news ݤ@U news.err  news.crit
aI ݬݿ~TOI MNh½ NEWS FAQ part 3:Reasons why INN isn't
startC ݬݱzpOOb FAQ̭F pGS쪺ܡA A½ NEWS FAQ
part 5:Other error messages and what they meanC pG٬OSܡA Nun NEWS
FAQ part 1 part 9 ݤ@FI ݬݦSFPApG٬OSܡA
ĳzAݤ@FpGSܡA AŪ@AK⥦C
uAڤO}A zŪFAPʤh⥦½oA
{WN٬O۷{תtOC pGso˳٬ODA
ziHPNeƵz news server ޲z̡A
ڬ۫HL̳|ӪzݬݪA i঳Ӧa観DA
]\oӰD|MλPze news server ]wC
pGsL]SkѨMܡA NzD post  tw.bbs.netnewsA άOzn smart
@U post  news.software.nntp ]աI L post eAQ@UA
pGpUѨMDA NpUѨMaI PˬODѨMFA iO tw.bbs.netnews
WnX news ޲z̤]bݩOI ҥHӨӪDA ٷ|QhЧI
t~NOLH]|ıoȩȪA ] news SINO server P server ۳sA
ѦhF@ӤOܺ¾޲z̴Nڳ|ԤߡA
ѴNo˳Q\F@Ul]wOI

FAѰO@IAb /usr/lib/news/etc/rc.news @OΨӳ]w innwatch
O_n_ʪA default ȬO false ĳ令 true F pGzw true ܡA
b_ innd PɡA ]|_ innwatchC  innwatch \NOʵ innd
OOFաI ]innd ]O|A åBOW䧮A
ӥB٬OoLnLA zDI Lܻ^ӡA pGn⪺ܡA
ibӥiȤFաI^ pG innwatch ܡA L|HʫH rootC
٦NOtΪ load ӰաA άOwЪŶFA | innd 
]ɱzٷ|𪺷Q⥦OI SI oɭԱzݭnhվ innwatch.ctl
̭@ǰѼƭȡ^C רOwЪŶpGΥܡA AۤUӡA
znOL˪s_ innd ܡA ٯuOzyƩOC

t~Oo@IA Hnק]wաA άO[Js feed site A ٬Os newsgroup
A ϥF_ rc.news ~@P news A zn news
h@]su news)C

b}lǰeeA ziH INN FAQ Part 4: The debugging tutorial (setup
of feeds etc.)C ðѷӤWĳA ոլݱz]wO_OTC
pGo@z]qLFܡA A /usr/lib/news/bin/inncheck -vA
ݬݦS~TA pG]SܡA oɭӴNiHqzfeeder
}lesDQ׸szFI


5.  News Readers

o̩ҿת News Readers Oxٳ\h[cb  Linux WΥH\Ū newsSwnC
Ӥ@ӻA ̮e Linux M newspak oO"tin"A"rn"A"trn"C








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     12



򥻤WAܤ@ news reader ɡA зǤ~Oϥ²A
Pe]w(ܦQ\ŪnewsA ÿzQ\Ū峹)C

ziH]w|AaA
unsDŪ{iHqAw˪INNCnewso
"inews""mail"{HeHh^бiKGiC ( Ķ: pGzϥΪO Slackware
LinuxA bwˮɤ]ܦw NtCA tδN|۰zTw˦n INN P C-
News A zҶn@NuO /usr/lib/news/tools.linuxؿ INSTALL.lin
uxɮשһվ@ǳ]wɦӤwC )

UӱN|²ua news reader XӸwB`nC
nAݡAڦܦhzѥh"nn"C

5.1  Tin

Tin O@Ӭ۷AsϥΪuQצꦡsDŪ{vC i䴩Rɮ׻P NOV
C覡C pGzϥΪO INN A  Tin w]Ū NOV.overlay ɮסA
ӤgɡC

pzQnb Linux ҤUsö Tin A 򥻤Wuݦb makefile ]wnҦbm
( רO inews Ҧbm ) A MJ "make linux" ROYiC b Linux
Uާ@ news ӨA äݭnSOɤBXC

ܩQצꦡ\ŪA ziHJ "tin -u"  update ɡC

FTOiHϥ NNTP wӾ\Ū news A bsöL{A z]w
"NNTP_ABLE"A oӰѼƪ]wbϥ local host ŪpU|ͦ "tin" F ӥH
NNTP 覡Ū news ɡAh| "rtin" ɮסC J"tin
-r"NioPJ"rtin"ۦP\C

Iain  Lea ͫĳb  crontab  [JHUԭzA J  "make daemon"  make
"tind" C

	  # thread the database
	  35 * * * * /usenet/bin/tind -u

ڴb SLIP wU tin  NNTP-based  newsreader ϥιLC
pGzҭnWtαsDsծɡA hzNܦhɶbݨtθJ
"active"oɮסC

5.2  Trn/Mthreads

trn n骺eO "rn" A Ө̶Phbe̥iHѰQצꦡ\ŪC
trn3.2 Ϊ̧siHܨϥ "mthreads" 覡 ( trn w ) άO NOV 覡
( INN ) ӰC\ŪC

QnsĶnA uݰ Configure A ñҵLwȡC
٦NOAtΤܤ֭n lib4.4.1 M bash-1.13 ({bbܦhLinux archive
siteswgbeat) ~Configure \C
AiPɻݭnbash1.13Mlibs4.4.1HϱosConfigureiHTC

b sunsite  newspak ]tb Linux U trn ΪiHu@config ɮסC

@ӻhק trn  config.sh ɮרäOo|ʡA








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     13



DuO@ǫD`¦pק|HŦXAu@ʧ@C pGzQo˰ܡA
]̦nb"make depend"B "make"B "make install" e"Configure -S"C

ަb Linux WH bash1.12  "configure" ѡA  "Configure -S"
ou@ܦnA ]pGAH newspak  config.sh @@Ӱ_IA
ANܱFC

sĶϥ NNTP Ū trn ]uO Configure
ݧAOOnh²檺^"yes"ӤwA ( ] Configure iH`@ ) C
Ӫs]N| NNTP Ū config.sh ]ti -- @pb local host Ū̪
config.sh C

ڴb SLIP wU trn  NNTP-based  newsreader ϥιLC
pGzҭnWtαsDsծɡA hzNܦhɶbݨtθJ
"active"oɮסC

trn ۷hROCOiѨϥΡA ziHaۨ man page
ozһݭnTӸ`C ܩګhϥΥt@ӦKkӳ]wtrn G

    ҦѼƳ]wgb ~/.trnrc

    HURO export TRNINIT="~/.trnrc"

bثe newspak |@ .trnrc ɥiҤlAziHѷӬݬݡC

trn3.2 ΧsiHۥѿܨϥΤ䴩  NOV  mthreads C\Ū覡C
]AڭӤHĳ]w trn nA Ϥخ榡i\Ū (ib Configure]w ) A
MbҰ trn ɦAܨ䤤@بӨϥΡA ҦpG ziH "trn -Zo" NOV
榡F Ϊ "trn -Zt" ϥmthreads A ӥBziHb alias gJWzROA
o|ϱzϥΧKC

Fnإߨϥ	 mthreads  C\ŪƮwA  z|b  news crontab
JHUԭzC

	  # thread the trn database
	  35 * * * * /usenet/bin/mthreads all

5.3  NN

ziHb sunsite Woo@MnA B䤤]tw nn6.4.18
ɧiϥΪպA (working configure file)A zuݨonA æb Linux
UJ	"make"	KiۦsöA ٦NOպAɦbnn6.5b3( nn6.5  beta  )
iϥΡC

söAiUCBJG

   	       -  "inst" ROHw˥FC

   	       - lƸƮwC

   	       -  nnmaster

Ӹ`AzAŪHnnӨӪɡC Fznnmas
ter]wbcrontabӤObI檺u@(daemon)~A b Linux








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     14



söA ]wP nn MbL *nix tΨõLPC ~pGzէ nnmaster
IӰA 򥦤]LkTQXʡC

]w nn O۷²檺Azuݦb crontab [JHUԭzG

	  # run nnmaster to collect "nn" stuff
	  # (not needed if you use NOV from INN in nn-6.5beta3)
	  25 * * * * /usenet/sw/nn/lib/nnmaster

	  # expire the nn database
	  # (not needed if you use NOV from INN in nn-6.5beta3)
	  0  4	     * * * /usenet/sw/nn/bin/nnadmin =EYW

	  # stash a copy of the active file for "nngoback" and keep last 7
	  0 3 * * * /usenet/sw/nn/lib/back_act 7

ڴյۦb SLIP wU nn  NNTP-based  newsreader ϥιLC
boرpU config.h ɮ׵yק老OnA
ӱziHbɮתѤroӸ`TC  nn   NNTP-based  news
reader ϥήɡA nn |bv (local)  nnmasterO@C\ŪƮwA
]Abvݿܤ峹ʧ@|Lnֳ\hC ( MApGzOϥ modem W
silp A@ǦXzݮɶOLiקKC )

s nn (6.5.x) M]䴩 INN  NOV Ʈw榡A BzϥΦ\ɡA
zNiH nnmaster FA ڭӤHjP˨ϥΦ\A
]pzNiHήO cpu ɶh nnmaster PoC\ŪƮwA
ܩu news 峹b\UhODPBoC

5.4  LsDŪ{

UCO@ǥib Linux UϥΡAΪ newsreaderC

    tass

    xrn

    gnus


6.  P

P¥HUҦCU̡ͭA L̴gѳ\h_QTPgA
Ug峹C

Ed Carp, Steve Robbins, Ian Taylor, Greg Naber, Matt Welsh, Iain Lea, Arjan de
Vet

pG٧ѤF֡AڹDpI


7.   USENET g`Q߰ݪD











媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     15



7.1  ڤb moderated sDsձiKGi

bǳƱiKɡA z newsreader |Ұ /bin/mail ӻelA pGz mail
{L¡A  newsreader iण|@ʦӾɭP@GC
pGOo˪ܡA ѨMDNO󴫸sϥΡA Ҧps Slackware 
mailx-5.5.tar.zA BziH  Slackware pkgtool ROӦw˨ó]wC

t@ӥiʫhOMbztΤ@ newsgroup OwSި(moderator)A
beztΪWoN newsgroup wҺިA ]\z峹bި
( @tγnA äO@ӯuH) BNQRFC ziHb news.admin
eF󤧫A  checkgroup ROӽT{C

7.2  ڷ|P permission DH

]ӴN :-)

ˬdz permission O_TF ˬdbzO_b /etc/passwd wq@ӥs news
ϥΪ̡F O_b /etc/group w@ӥs news sաA WzwqäO Linux
зǱbA ҥHzۦ`NC

F /usr/local/lib/news/setnewside  uid O root ~A Ҧb
/usr/local/lib/news lؿUɮת֦  (uid) Mݸs (gid) O news
( Y news.news) C

ziHΥƭȧ@ "news"  UID  P GIDC

( Ķ: bz install Slackware ɡA tη|۰zw@  GIDP UID A
@ӻASSzѡA ܤ֦J|hקoǤwȡC)

7.3  ڱiKGibaiHݱoA ObeUoSX{H

]\O]zb cron ]w newsrun {F
]\]zۦʭקtɮסA HPtζñF ]\OzֱF
/usr/spool/news/out.goingoӤlؿάO򪺡A Ϊ̦izҨoO "Perfor
mance"  "Cleanup"  cnews A ӥݭnb cron ]w newsrun
Ӱ妸BzA e news ܨLxA άObwܤC

dUnդʥhק[J active ɮשΨtɮסA TkOϥΦb
/usr/local/lib/news/bin/maint Uε{ӧoǰʧ@C

7.4  ڪi檩S nntp H

Fnb Linux tΤU䴩 plug-n-play A åBקK SLS  news tΦ]nPɨ㦳
nntp M non-nntp  newsreader Pǿ{ (news transport programs)
ӾɭPӨtΪLjC

7.5  b expire ɡA٦ܦhxsŶA

iOMiDڻuŶvOH"

]tŪ /etc/mtab ɡC Ooɪ mode w 644 C
oرp`|oͦbzHrooth umount@filesystem(umask)A
oөRO|ɭPݩ root ɮ׵LkQLϥΪŪӲͦ~C ( Ķ:
{bt@ӳ̱`oͪphO inode ƤA








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     16



ĳѨMDOb[ctήɿܸh inode A p 1024bytes/inode C רO
/var/spool/news/tw/bbsɡA*sign*)

7.6  C˳ݰ_ӫܥ`AiOoiKGiOH

nª Linux b˳] cnews ɳܮe@D (blow up) C
רOzb@ª	SLS  W˳]ɡA z@wnˬd  /bin  M/usr/bin A
T{zu@M̷s news C

]b 1993 ~G "Performance Release" HeA zbcron
̶gʦaҰ newsrunHYǵ{ǡC ӳoOܦhH``DC

7.7  ڥiHNs news overview( NOV) i trn/tin/nn A

HNUؤPƮwܡH"

OAtrn, tin  nn  beta {bwg䴩o\FC

ziHs news overview(NOV)  J "Performance  Release" "Cleanup
Release" cnews A άOLsDŪ{C ڲ{bW nn6.5 beta
]䴩 NOV 榡A ӥBb Linux U]u@ܦnA {biHQӵLA]
nnmaster C ziHb uniwa.uwa.edu.au oӪ nn C

7.8  Si檩 NNTP H

]zwq\hbvݨtΩҿWTA
ӳoǳ]wOLkbɥѵ{۰z]wC pGAnoبơA
ХINNӤnCnews [ NNTPC

7.9  p]w
NNTPAiHzLhŪαiKGiAӦbanxs󪺤峹άOƮwH

( mdw@sunsite.unc.edu (Matt Welsh) )

   	  1) onntp "reference implementation" M rnn ziH
     ftp.uu.net:/networking/news/nntpUo nntp.1.5.11.tar.Z

   	  2) sö nntp pU:

      common/conf.h.dist  common/conf.hC

	       ק common/conf.h H]wUCѼ: HUکҳ]w:

     DOMAIN: wq(NONאּ #undef DOMAIN).

	       REALDOMAIN: wqA|QlibrariesjMdomainC

     SERVER_FILE: ]wwqz  news A ( NOzŪζK news @xD
     ) DW (hostname) ɮצW١AڨϥΪ|W MɮצW
     "/usr/local/lib/news/server"

     PASSFILE: pGznewsAݭnQv(Yusername/password)
     ~iKGiA⦹ѼƳ]tusername/password
     ɮסAڨϥΪ|WMɮצW "/usr/local/lib/news/nntppass" C








媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     17



     pGzMwnҦ news ɮ׸m /usr/local/liib/newsؿUA
     NLݭnw|W٪a(ACTIVE_FILE, NEWSGROUPS_FILE... etc) w
     /usr/local/lib/news C o䤤ܦhO]w NNTP server Ϊ ( D client)
     AFwpA ڧ⥦̥ܫVTmAz
     MiHϥΤw|WALnTwzӹlؿC

     3) إߤ@ӨϥΪ̥s "usenet" C inews n|ݭnHo userӰC
     Lz]uݭno@ userid Azݭnt userid plؿ (homedirec
     tory) άOLFC bAҦzݧ@NOb /etc/passwd
     ɮפU[JUCo@

			      usenet:*:13:1::/:


     Twz userid Oߤ@ ( WzO 13) C group iHwOL
     FAbo̧کw "daemon"(gid 1) C

   	  4) إߤWzSERVER_FILEAҦpڪnewsAW٬ "wonton.tc.cor
     nell.edu"		  A	       ڴNb
     /usr/local/lib/news/server [JU:

		     wonton.tc.cornell.edu

   	  5) إPASSFILEC榡pU:

		    <server name> <username> <password>


     A|һApGznewsAW٬ shoop.vpizza.comA
     ӦbWiKGiݭnQv news(password=floof)~iHA
     zNb /usr/local/lib/news/nntppass U[J:

		    shoop.vpizza.com news floof

   	  6) inews OH "usenet"  id b檺AҥHFw news 
     ؿM nntppass ɮ׵Ҧ̩wO usenet C

	       chown usenet /usr/local/lib/news
	       chmod 755 /usr/local/lib/news
	       chown usenet /usr/local/lib/news/nntppass
	       chmod 600 /usr/local/lib/news/nntppass


     pGo˧@ANSHŪoɮפF?!bɮפKXåQsKC

   	  7) ^ nntp1.5.11 ؿAUF "make client" ROA
     MzNiHo NNTP  inewsAoO NNTP client WiϥΪߤ@nC

     ګ inews ɡAڵo{禡w@ӿ~|ϱob uname.c 禡 uname()
     |aۤvIsۤwCpGzo{z inews
     ݰ_ӦnFABztΩaܺCAz̦ns@U uname.c ɡA 
     uname() 令 my_uname() WrA åB inews.c Is]令
     my_uname() C pGz]Jp˪D ܡAбzH@ mail  (Matt) C









媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     18



   	  8) UFRO "make install_client" Co˦w inews
     ɮרztΤC åBs/usr/local/lib/news/inews
     /usr/local/bin/inews

     MzӴNiH}liKGiF()AziHոդUz:

		    $ inews -h << EOF
		    Newsgroups: misc.test
		    From: me@foo.bar.com
		    Subject: Testing
		    Reply-To: my-real-address@wherever.edu

		    This is a test.
		    EOF


     pG\A inews |峹KWCӥBz|DA ] misc.test test-
     responders |^HWz Reply-To }C
     ФnbLOWiKժ峹(ҦpAmerican On Line)C











































媩 The Linux News HOWTO						     19





































































				   CONTENTS



1.  ..................................................................... 1
   1.1 󥻤󪺧s ............................................... 1
   1.2 N^X ............................................................. 1
   1.3 vi ............................................................. 2
   1.4 ~d ............................................................. 2
   1.5 LTӷ ....................................................... 2
   1.6 Ǧa褣AXШDU ............................................... 3

2. wݨD ................................................................. 3

3. o USENET news n  ................................................. 4

4. sDǰen ............................................................. 4
   4.1 Cnews Cleanup Release ................................................ 4
   4.2 InterNetNews (INN) ................................................... 6
   4.3 @ǨLsDǰen ........................................... 7
   4.4 Ķ̪ ............................................................. 8

5. News Readers ............................................................ 11
   5.1 Tin ................................................................. 12
   5.2 Trn/Mthreads ........................................................ 12
   5.3 NN .................................................................. 13
   5.4 LsDŪ{ .................................................. 14

6. P .................................................................... 14

7.  USENET g`Q߰ݪD ............................................ 14
   7.1 ڤb moderated sDsձiKGi ..................... 15
   7.2 ڷ|P permission DH ................................ 15
   7.3 ڱiKGibaiHݱoA ObeUoSX{H ... 15
   7.4 ڪi檩S nntp H .................................. 15
   7.5 b expire ɡA٦ܦhxsŶA ...................... 15
   7.6 C˳ݰ_ӫܥ`AiOoiKGiOH .................... 16
   7.7 ڥiHNs news overview( NOV) i trn/tin/nn A ............... 16
   7.8 Si檩 NNTP H ........................................ 16
   7.9 p]w
       NNTPAiHzLhŪαiKGiAӦbanxs󪺤峹άO....... 16















				       i


