








		       The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 

			      by Paul Gortmaker.

			    v1.14, 1 February 1998



				   Abstract

       ļʾ˵(BootPrompt-Howto)
       пʱڴ Linux ĵʱڲ(argu
     ments)
       к豸ĲҲ춺(sorts)
     ʱڲۣ
       һЩ Linux ĳ



1.  

ʱ`ָ'ʽ޵ĲѶ
ִгʽʱһЩ(argument list)
ͨṩһЩûа취ԼȷӲѶ Ǳ⣯(over
ride)Լõֵ

ȻֱӰѺӳ(kernel image)ϣ  cp zImage
/dev/fd0㽫ûлָκβġ Դ󲿷ݵ Linux
ʹ߶ʹ LILO  loadlin һܹЩģ
Ȼ塣

ģ(MODULE)ʹע⣺
͵ʾֱֻӱ뵽Ӳʽ
Ƕʹģ鷽ʽʽûӰ졣 󲿷ݵķ׼(distributions)
ʹģ顣 ޷ȷ Զ /etc/conf.modules ݲ man depmod
Լ man modprobe

Ŀǰ˵ļǵ v2.0.33 ΪֹĺġͬʱҲݵ v2.1.84 Ϊֹ
չ԰ĵԡ

ʾ˵ǣ

     Paul Gortmaker, gpg109@rsphy1.anu.edu.au

ע⣬ر i386 豸 Atari/Amigaõ
ʾĿǰûд

1.1  Ȩ

ļǾȷȻҵµѶ
û˱Ӳ¸𣬳Լ⡣
Ӳðյˣ⼸ܣҲûΡ


The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      1





The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      2



Ҳ˵ļṩѶȥʵжɵκ߸Ų

ļİȨ Copyright (C) 1995-1998  Paul Gortmaker

ļڶ GNU ͨùȨ(General Public License)
п ϸ渽 Linux ĵ linux/COPYING 

ļ棬磬һȷȡõǷΪµѶ
ȥйʱ Linux ˵ļ汾棬
ɷչΪ°ļд𰸵ͷǡ

This document is not gospel. However, it is probably the most up to date info
that you will be able to find. Nobody is responsible for what happens to your
hardware but yourself. If your hardware goes up in smoke (...nearly impossi
ble!)  I take no responsibility. ie. THE AUTHOR IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAM
AGES INCURRED DUE TO ACTIONS TAKEN BASED ON THE INFORMATION INCLUDED IN THIS
DOCUMENT.

This document is Copyright (C) 1995-1998 by Paul Gortmaker.

This document may be copied according to the conditions of the GNU General Pub
lic License, version 2, included herein by reference. See the file linux/COPY
ING that comes with the Linux kernel for full details.

If you are intending to incorporate this document into a published work, please
contact me, and I will make an effort to ensure that you have the most up to
date information available. In the past, out of date versions of the Linux
howto documents have been published, which caused the developers undue grief
from being plagued with questions that were already answered in the up to date
versions.

1.2  ļ

°ļԶǺĵԭʼʽ뱾һ£ȲҪ¡
ĶԭʼעⲻҪκγʽơ 磬ҪҿԴ AHA1542 SCSI
ʽĲ Ǿ͵ linux/drivers/scsi Ŀ¼ȥ aha1542.c  ǰ
100 Ϳҵһԭ˵ 1542 ʽܵʱڲ

¸ѵĲοǺı渽κļĿǰ࣬ 󲿷ݿ linux/Docu
mentation Ŀ¼µĿ¼ҵ linux Ŀ¼ͨ /usr/src/ ҵ
ʱҲʽĿ¼ҵ README.foo   linux/drivers/XXX/
е XXX  scsi, char, or net

ѾҵҪʹõ֪ΰЩѶĵĻ
ǾͿĵ壨 LILO  loadlin 渽ļ
м̵ĸ渽ļ

1.3  Linux Ⱥ

й춴ݲⷽ⣬ȶһļ
Լǰᵽļûܻش⣬ Linux
Ⱥ顣 ȻʵǰӦĶȺ飬
ΪѾʹ⣬ѾǸ(a FAQ)
֮ǰȿ linux Ǹϰߡ








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      3



Ӧܹڽļĳҵ⼯

ϵͳһӦֱ comp.os.linux.setup Ⱥ顣
йݵһң Ҫ󽻲(cross-
post)Ⱥȥ

1.4  °ļ

°ļ(anonymous FTP) sunsite.unc.edu վȡã 
/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/ Ŀ¼ ע⣬SunSITE ĸؾܴ
ԽҸ Linux ӳ(mirror)ڵȡôļ
µѶԼʽʱͻᲹϡ
ڶݿѾм֮ãܵȷһǷµġ

ļϵʹһرΪ Linux ˵ļƻ޸ĵ SGML ϵͳģ
иֲͬʽ postscript, dvi, ascii, html, ԼҪֵ Tex
info ҽ htmlȫѶ Postscript/dvi ʽĶ
߶ ascii תʧȥĽο(cross-references)

 sunsite ȡʽĿλַ(URL)ڴˡ BootPrompt-HOWTO1


2.  ʾŹ

һڽһЩʱڲı
ҲйЩϵαʲƣ
Լαת͵ʵ豸Ĺ

һҪעвӦʹÿհף ֻڸĲ֮ԡ
һֵб(A list of values)ڸֵ֮ԶŸ񿪵ģһΣ
ûκοհסμġ

	     ether=9,0x300,0xd0000,0xd4000,eth0  root=/dev/hda1
     *RIGHT*
	     ether = 9, 0x300, 0xd0000, 0xd4000, eth0  root = /dev/hda1
     *WRONG*

2.1  LILO (LInux LOader)

õ Werner Almesberger д LILO(LInux LOader) ʽ
ͬĺģѶһֵ
󲿷ݵķ׼ LILO ΪԤʽ(boot-loader) LILO
һͬʵ DOS, OS/2, Linux, FreeBSD ȵȣ൱еԡ

㿪֮ᣬ͵û LILO ͣסӡ LILO:
Ȼȸ뿴ʹûκѡûеĻԤϵͳ  LILO
õ͵ϵͳǩ linux Լ backup  msdos
ҪԴ⣬Ҫ LILO ϵͳ֮ǩ棬
ʾġ

	     LILO: linux root=/dev/hda1

____________________

1. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html>







The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      4



LILO 渽оѵļΪ۵֮ʹã
Ҫʱڲӵ LILO õʹʱ LILO  append=
ָͷǳҪ ֻҪ򵥵 /etc/lilo.conf м append = "foo=bar"
Ķɡ Լڸõǰ棬ʹÿһ(section)Ч
Ǽĳ image= ʹԸýЧ  LILO ļ˵

2.2  LoadLin

һõ Linux ʽ `LoadLin' һ֧ DOS
ʾ(prompt) Linux ģԸ DOS ʽ
ĳЩϵͳԴõĻС ʹ DOS  DOS  Linux
˶Ժܺá

ӵһЩҪʹṩ DOS ʽʹԽ״̬ (known
state)ӲҲá һҪʹ DOS ʽ趨(twiddle)
صݴʹԿģʽġԿݡЧ  DOS
ʽ Ȼ DOS ʾʹ LOADLIN.EXE  Linux
Ա(reboot)(reset)ÿ ˸ÿάԿģʽҲ
Linux ʹá

һЩʽ Linux б㵱 Linux
ӳڵĳʽ  system/Linux-boot/ ¡

2.3  ``rdev'' óʽ

ıλԪԤֵ
ڴ󲿷ݵϵͳﰲװһ֧Ϊ rdev Ĺóʽ֪Щֵ
Լθıǡ ҲܸıһЩû֮Ķ
Ԥʾģʽ(video mode)

 rdev óʽͨҲ(aliased to) swapdev, ramsize, vidmode Լ root
flagsܹıֱֶǸĿ¼豸(root device) û豸(swap
device)ŵ(RAM disk)֮Ԥʾģʽ
Ŀ¼豸Ĵȡ趨(readonly/readwrite)

й rdev ѶԽ rdev -h ǲ˵ҳ (man rdev)á

2.4  в

󲿷ݵʽΪ

	     name[=value_1][,value_2]...[,value_11]

 `name' һΨһʶ(unique)صֵеĻ
ҪĵǸݵĹؼ֡ ֻʽԿհ׷ָб
עǸ 11 ʵƣ Ϊеĳʽÿؼֻ 11
ԶŷָĲ
ȻڷǱѰӵظʹͬĹؼּ 11 ϵĲ
趨ʽ֧ԮĻ ͬʱҲҪע⣬İбֳ(splits) 10
 沢һִ㲻ĸ 11 
ʽн 11 ִת

󲿷Ķ linux/init/main.c 档 ȣĲ鿴ǷΪ `root=',
`Ro', `Rw', or `Debug' ЩرĲ Щر屾лһ˵








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      5



Ȼ߹(walks)һϵе趨ʽ bootsetups 
ָĲִ
`foo'ǲеһ趨ʽfoo_setup()أ
趨ض豸ĵһݡ 㴫 foo=3,4,5,6,bar
һĻѰ bootsetups п `foo' Ƿעᡣ
У `foo' 趨ʽfoo_setup()
ںָ 3, 4, 5, and 6ִ bar

2.5  趨

κβܵ趨ʽ `foo=bar' ʽ֮ᱻΪҪ趨Ļ
һûõģ `TERM=vt100' Ϊ

2.6  ݲ `init' ʽ

κʣµģ ĲܶҲɻ֮ᴫһ(pro
cess) ͨ init ʽ  init Ĳ single ֣ ָʾ init
ѵڵģʽ(single user mode) Ҳһפʽ(daemons) 
ϵͳﰲװ init 汾ֲ֮ῴЩ


3.  һ޹豸Ե

Щκ豸ܱء
ĳڲأǼĴŵĴ
ϵͳĴԼ

3.1  ϵͳѡ

ѡѡ񼰴ϵͳйء

3.1.1  `root=' 

˲ߺʱǸ豸Ϊϵͳʹá
趨ԤֵΪ(bulid)ʱϵͳĸϵͳ豸
磬һ `/dev/hda1' ΪϵͳָϵͳϽģ
Ԥĸϵͳ豸 `dev/hda1'
ҪԤֵѡڶ̨Ϊϵͳ豸Ļ ʹ
`root=/dev/fd1'

õĸϵͳ豸Ϊ豸֮һ

(1) /dev/hdaN to /dev/hddN,  ST-506 ݴŵ `a to d' ϵĵ N ָ

(2) /dev/sdaN to /dev/sdeN,  SCSI ݴŵ `a to e' ϵĵ N ָ

(3) /dev/sdaN to /dev/xdbN,  XT ݴŵ `a to b' ϵĵ N ָ

(4) /dev/fdN,  N N=0 Ϊ DOS µ `A:' ŵ N=1 Ϊ
`B:'

(5) /dev/nfs, ⲢǸ豸
һߺľ·ȡøϵͳꡣ









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      6



ŵ豸һָʽ Ϊ׾ҸûпЯԵҪҪ(major/minor)
Ҳܽܡ  /dev/sda3 ҪΪ 8ҪΪ 3 ʹ
root=0x803 Ϊһָʽ

ںдԤֵ Կ rdev óʽıĺ

3.1.2  `ro' 

ʱҪиϵͳԶȡһЩĶ
ǹڸĿ¼ĸϵͳ ȻϵͳԿдķʽĻ
޷едһȷʵؼ鵵ϵͳԡ  `ro'
ѡߺΨķʽϵͳ κεϵͳһԼʽ(fsck)
ִмʱ԰ȫؼûедһ
ûκγʽд˵ϵͳֱԿɶдķʽΪֹ

ںдԤֵ Կ rdev óʽıĺ

3.1.3  `rw' 

һȫ෴ߺԿɶȡдķʽϵͳ
ΣԤԿɶдʽϵͳ
ҪԿɶдʽĵϵͳִκε `fsck' ʽ

˲ʹõֵһ춺ӳĲͬɾ rdev ȡ

3.2  ŵ(RAM Disk)йصѡ

ѡδŵ豸йأ
ŵ豸ͨڰװ׶ʱʹã
ʹģ黯ʽԴȡϵͳĻϡ

3.2.1  `ramdisk_start=' 

Ϊʹӳܹѹļŵӳһڣ Լ
`ramdisk_start=<offset>' ָ
Ĳܹѹļŵ֮ϵͳӳ
Ϊôʼĵʼã
˻ϵͳ(BIOS)ҲܹʼִС

ע⣺ʹõûѹļŵӳ
ĿҪŵ֮ϵͳӳһݣ Ҹ LILO
Ҳͬѹ֮ӳΪֿݡ

ʹ(boot/root)ŴƬķʽһţ
ŵӳŵڶţŵɵʼ
ʹΪƫֵ(offset)ΪԤֵȥʹָ

3.2.2  `load_ramdisk=' 

˲ߺǷҪһݼŵӳ `load_ramdisk=1'
ָĽŵС
ԤֵΪ㣬ʾĲӦȥŵ

 linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      7



µʹǵ ͬʱҲ˵ν `rdev'
趨Щ

3.2.3  `prompt_ramdisk=' 

˲ߺǷҪʾҪ뺬ŵӳĴƬ

ֻһ¼ŵӳո룯ĺͬϹʲҪʾ
 `prompt_ramdisk=0'
ʹҪи黻ƬĻᣬʿʹ `prompt_ramdisk=1'
ΪԤֵԲȥָ ţǰϰʹ `vga=ask' 
LILO ѡʱֹͣȡó黻ƬƬĻᡣ

 linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt
µʹǵ ͬʱҲ˵ν `rdev'
趨Щ

3.2.4  `ramdisk_size=' 

Ϊŵʵϻ̬ɳ
Си޼ùпõļ¡ Ԥֵ 4096(i.e.
4MB) Ӧ㹻󲿷ݵ Ԥֵ

 linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt
µʹǵ ͬʱҲ˵ν `rdev'
趨Щ

3.2.5  `ramdisk=' ˣ

ע⣺Ǿɵģ v1.3.47 Լɵĵĺ֮ⲻӦʹá
Ӧʹõǰָ

ǧλԪ(kB)Ϊλָŵ豸ĴС 磬Ҫλһ
1.44MB ϵĸϵͳŵ豸 ã

	     ramdisk=1440

ںдԤֵԿ rdev óʽıĺ

3.2.6  `noinitrd'ʼŵ

v2.x µĺиԣϵͳǼŵ
Ȼִмӳϵ /linuxrc
ԵϵĳЩĸϵͳҪģ
磬봢춼ŵӳ SCSI ʽ Ȼĳ SCSI
ŵĸϵͳ

ʵʵ `noinitrd' ֮δ initrd ϡ
ָԾ /dev/initrd ȡ ڼͷŻϵͳ֮ǰȡһΡ
йسʼ֮ŵϸʹ linux/Documentation/initrd.txt
⣬° LILO  LOADLIN ӦûõѶ











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      8



3.3  йصĲ

вı linux ϵͳʵ弰ķʽ

3.3.1  `mem=' 

ĿģԭȵĿָװļ 
linux ʹõļָһСֵ ڶãĿָ
mem=nopentium Ա linux ĲҪʹ 4MB ҳ(page table)Чԡ

ڸ˵ԹУ
ԭȶشװĻбƳֻܻر 64MB
ǵģһȱԶƣ 1024 ŴصĴŵƣ Linux
ʱʹô˻ȷװļ 㰲װļ峬
64MB Linux жټ塣  Linus  mem=
˵

Ļκ `mem=xx' ƭ
һᵱĺѿ ָʾԶַ߼λַԣ 
`mem=0x1000000' ʾ 16MB ļ塣 ӵ 96MB ĻԴֵΪ
`mem=0x6000000'

עעע⣺

ĳЩܻʹϲ(top)ļΪϵͳĿȡȵһ;
ܲʵӵ 96MB Ŀɶַռ䡣֮Ȼ

ĳЩƬὫϵͳǵʵӦ(map)ϲ棬
ԼϲʵϿ 96MB + 384kB  linux
ļʵӵеĻ࣬Ǿͻ״Ҳ̳£
һᷢ

ע⣬˲һʮλ̬ ҿʹ `k' 
`M'Сд޹أβֱָǧλԪԼλԪ顣 `k'
ֵת(shift) 10 λԪ `M' ת 20 λԪ
Ȼû䣬 һ̨ 96MB ĻҲ mem=97920k ޷ʹ
mem=98304k  mem=96M

3.3.2  `swap=' 

ʹߵĳЩŵû(swapping)йص(VM)
а˸

	     MAX_PAGE_AGE
	     PAGE_ADVANCE
	     PAGE_DECLINE
	     PAGE_INITIAL_AGE
	     AGE_CLUSTER_FRACT
	     AGE_CLUSTER_MIN
	     PAGEOUT_WEIGHT
	     BUFFEROUT_WEIGHT

ȤҽĶ linux/mm/swap.c ע /proc/sys/vm Ķ









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					      9



3.3.3  `buff=' 

 `swap=' ʹߵĳЩ뻺(buffer)֮صĲ


	     MAX_BUFF_AGE
	     BUFF_ADVANCE
	     BUFF_DECLINE
	     BUFF_INITIAL_AGE
	     BUFFEROUT_WEIGHT
	     BUFFERMEM_GRACE

ȤҽĶ linux/mm/swap.c ע /proc/sys/vm Ķ

3.4  ·ϵͳ(NFS)ΪϵͳʹõĲ

͸·ϵͳ(NFS: Network FileSystem) ṩϵͳ Linux
֧Ԯ޵(diskless)վϵͳ
Щϵ޵վҪһ̨ȡϵͳ ͬʱҪע root=/dev/nfs
Ǳġ йʹ·ϵͳΪϵͳ֮ϸ˵ linux/Documenta
tion/nfsroot.txt  ӦĶ
ΪֻǴǸֱùĿժҪ

3.4.1  `nfsroot=' 

ߺһ̨
ǸĿ¼ԼЩ·ϵͳѡΪϵͳʹá ˲ĸʽ£

	     nfsroot=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]

ָûи nfsroot ʹ `/tftpboot/%s' Ԥֵ
ѡ£

<server-ip> -- ָ·ϵͳŷ˵·λַ(IP address)
ûиλʹ nfsaddrs 棩ֵ
˲;֮һʹòͬΪλַЭ(RARP)
·ϵͳŷˡͨԲΪհף

<root-dir> -- ŷҪΪĿ¼ơִи `%s' (token)
˷ǽΪͻ·λַ֮ ASCII ʾ

<nfs-options> -- ׼·ϵͳѡѡԶŷֿ
ûиѡλʹеԤֵ

	     port	     = as given by server portmap daemon
	     rsize	     = 1024
	     wsize	     = 1024
	     timeo	     = 7
	     retrans	     = 3
	     acregmin	     = 3
	     acregmax	     = 60
	     acdirmin	     = 30
	     acdirmax	     = 60
	     flags	     = hard, nointr, noposix, cto, ac








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     10



3.4.2  `nfsaddrs=' 

趨·ͨѶĸ·λַûи
Ļʹ÷λַЭԼЭ(BOOTP)ҳЩ
ʽ£

	     nfsaddrs=<my-ip>:<serv-ip>:<gw-ip>:<netmask>:<name>:<dev>:<auto>

<my-ip> -- ͻ˵·λַû裬
λַɷλַЭЭ
ʹúЭúʱ򿪵ѡԼ <auto> 
趨˲Ͳʹ÷λַЭЭ

<serv-ip> -- ·ϵͳŷ֮·λַ
ʹ÷λַЭͻλַ趨˲
ָֻܴ֮ŷ˴ĻӦ
ҪʹòͬĻΪλַ·ϵͳŷ˵Ļ
ڴָķλַЭŷˣֿհף nfsroot 
ָ·ϵͳŷˡ
ĿհʹûشλַЭЭ֮ŷ˵λַ

<gw-ip> -- բ(gateway)֮·λַŷλ춲ͬ·ʱ
Ŀհʹκբŷڱص(local)·ϣ
Эյֵ

<netmask> -- ··֡
Ϊհף·ɿͻ˵·λַЭյֵ

<name> -- ͻ˵ơ հףʹÿͻ·λַ֮
ASCII-ǷЭյֵ

<dev> -- Ҫʹõ·豸ơ
Ϊհף豸λַ
Эҵ豸
·ϵͳʹýյλַЭЭӦ豸
ֻһ豸Բ

<auto> -- ΪԶõķ  `rarp'  `bootp'
ʹָʾЭ ֵΪ `both'
հףúʱдЭʹá `none'
ʾʹԶáָǰλбҪֵ

 <auto> Ϊ nfsaddrs Ĳʹãǰûκ `:` Ԫ
»ʹԶáȻʹ `none'Ϊֵ

3.5  ĺ

ЩʹߵĳЩڲĲ

3.5.1  The `debug' Argument

ľ printk() ʽҪԼûҪѶϢ(operator)
ѶϢҪ printk() ʽҲʾ̨(console)ϣ ͬ klogd()
¼ŵһ㡣








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     11



ͬ¼ŵһ̨ʾҪѶϢԭΪڲҵ״
ŵ𻵣ѶϢ޷ŵ©ʧ

ʲҪʲ᲻Ҫż console_loglevel 趨 Ԥǰκα
DEBUGȼ 7ҪĶ¼̨ȥ Щȼ kernel.h
뵵Уָ debug ʹ̨ļ¼ȼΪ 10
кѶϢ̨ϡ

̨¼ȼͨҲִڼ侭 klogd() ʽѡ趨
鿴ϵͳ֮װ汾˵ҳ

3.5.2  `init=' 

ʱԤִ `init' ʽ֧ʽִ getty ʽ  `rc'
ָ(scripts)ԼĶΪʹ趨ԡ Ѱ /sbin/init
Ȼ /etc/init (depreciated) ȥ /bin/sh  /etc/rc 
˵磬 init ʽˣֻҪʹ init=/bin/sh

ʱֱ뻷(shell)ʹܹĳʽ

3.5.3  `no387' 

ĳЩ i387 ЭͬƬг(bugs) 32 λԪģʽ»֡
磬ڵ ULSI-387 Ƭִиʱ ƺΪ
FRSAV/FRRESTOR ָһֻ ʹ `no387' ʹ Linux
ֵҲĴڡ
Ȼʱֵģ֧Ԯ ĳЩܹʹ 80287
㴦Ԫ(FPU)ĹŶ 386 Ҳã Ϊ linux ޷ʹ 80287

3.5.4  `no-hlt' 

i386ߣ 봦и `hlt'
ָ봦ڡû
ֱĳⲿ豸̣ݻŵȵȣ봦ִΪֹ
ָʹ봦롮ʡ硯ģʽ (zom
bie)ֱиⲿ豸 ж(interrupt) ͨǣ
ڵ i486DX-100 Ƭ `hlt' ָ⣬
ʹùָǲܿɿػصģʽ ʹ `no-hlt' ָ
Linux¿ʱܸȦͣס봦
ЩƬܹʹ LinuxȻǽпܵĻͻЩƬ

3.5.5  `no-scroll' 

ʱʹԹرվҳ(scrolling)ԣʹ Braille
ն˻ʹá

3.5.6  `panic=' 

ڲ̫ܷĺ쳣(kernel panic)¼£Ǻ⵽ڲ
ΪĴصӦ÷Ѷֹͣκҵ

ԤĴʽǾͣǶֱ˹ע⵽өĻϵ쳣ѶȻ

Ȼ޷ĵطܵĻҲϣԶԼȻصϡ








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     12



磬ʱʹ panic=30 ʹڷ쳣 30 Լ
ֵΪʹԤĴʽһֱǶȡ

ע⣬ʱ(timeout)趨Ҳɾ /proc/sys/kernel/panic ϵͳ
(sysctl)ȡ趨

3.5.7  `profile=' 

ķչǿԴĳѡԵ֪ʹ봦ʱԼǡ
ԱЧ(efficiency)Ч(performance)
ѡʱ趨۲仯ļ(the profile shift count)
ֵһΪҲڱʱ򿪴˹ܡ㶼Ҫ read
profile.c Դ /proc/profile Ĺߡ

3.5.8  `reboot=' ѡ

ѡõʱ Ǿ /sbin/init  Control-Alt-Delete 
Linux ֮ࡣ µ v2.0 ԤĶ䡯
ȫãϵͳִмȵȣԴ桮ů
ûȫãûм飩

ΪԤ俪ΪҪڱ˵ģõģůû취ӲϹ
ʹ reboot=w Ϊԭȵķʽůʵκ w ͷ趨

Ϊʲţ ĳЩмȡĴŵܹв⵽ů
Ұݴдŵϡ
俪ܻÿڿȡĻд(write-back)Ͼͻ©ʧ
Ѿ˻رϵͳܻʱԼС͵ǻ۽ϵͳ
(SCSI BIOSes)俪ʱϾõʱʼʹůĺɡ

3.5.9  `reserve=' 

벺Ҫ⡣ָĸʽǣ

     reserve=iobase,extent[,iobase,extent]...

ĳЩҲ豸ʽȥ飨Զ⣩ĳЩ豸
ΪӲƵĲʹֹĳЩ̫·
ᱻϵӲ壬״̬ΪǰıӲ壬
ֻ㲻úĳʼӲ塣

 reserve ʱڲָһβҪ벺ΧԽ⡣
˶ںĵ벺עбΪѾڸôҵ豸 Ϊ reserved
ע⣬󲿷ݵĻҪ˻ơ
ֻŻҪõⶫ

λָ֮е벺ǿһ֮ǰִ check_region()
Ա豸⡣ ĳЩ NE2000 ҵ߻豸ʽ

ȷ豸ʽӦȥⱣ򣬳һȷָʾ
ν reserve һʹá
ָһαԱĳض豸Ļ ȷָ豸Χ
󲿷ݵʽиȷλַͻ벺ע









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     13



磬

	     reserve=0x300,32  blah=0x300

 0x300-0x31f ó `blah' 豸ʽʽȥࡣ

ͬһʱõĸʽҲ 11 ֮ƣ ÿ reserve
ؼָֻ 5  쳣ӵ󣬿ʹö reserve
ָ

3.5.10	`vga=' 

ע⣬ⲢǸ LILO ѡ
ɺĴͬ
ȻΪʹñձֵڴ˼һʡ ѡҲԾʹ rdev -v
ͬ vidmode ָ vmlinuz 趨 ʹ趨ʽܹ
Linux ֮ǰʹѶ(video)ϵͳıԤʾģʽ ͵ģʽ
80x50, 132x44 ȵȡ ʹôѡõķʽ vga=ask 
ǰибʾʾʹõĸģʽ
һб֪ʹõĺ룬Ϳ԰ `ask' λá
һѶ渽°ĵ linux/Documentation/svga.txt 

ע⣬µĺģ2.1 ϣиıʾģʽ趨ʽѡ Video mode selection
support ʹ͵ôѡ


4.  С͵ǻ۽(SCSI)ܱߵ

һڰйС͵ǻ۽(SCSI)(host adapters) SCSI
豸֮Ѷ˵

4.1  вʽĲ

вʽŵŴȵȶ濨ԡ

4.1.1  ߼(LUN)(`max_scsi_luns=')

ÿ SCSI 豸涼԰һ豸롣
ЩһοԷźüƬӵ SCSI 
ÿŹָ֮豸ġ߼(Logical Unit Number: LUN)ַ
󲿷ݵ豸ӲŴȵȶǵһ豸 ߼Ϊ㡣

ֻһ߼ŵ豸дòþͻ⡣ ĳЩƲ SCSI
豸ɵԼɱϵ豸޷ܲΪ߼⡣
ǻǣпܰ SCSI (bus)һᡣ

µĺһѡ趨Ҫ֮߼š
Ԥֻ⵽߼Ա⡣

ʱָҪ߼Լ `max_scsi_luns=n' Ϊ  n
ǽҼƵ֡ Ҫʹ n=1 ԱЩ豸ˡ











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     14



4.1.2  SCSI ŴʽĲ(`st=')

SCSI  ŴʽĳЩʱÿԽʹвɣ

	     st=buf_size[,write_threshold[,max_bufs]]

ǰֵĵλǧλԪ顣Ԥ buf_size  32kB ָΪ
16384kBĻ write_threshold ȷŴֵԤΪ 30kB
󻺳⵽װԤֵΪʹá磺

	     st=32,30,2

ϸڿ README.st ҵ λ춺ԭʼʽṹ(tree) scsi
Ŀ¼

4.2  SCSI Ĳ

ڵĳǣ

iobase -- SCSI פĵһ벺 ʮƱʾָͨ
0x200   0x3ff ֮䡣

irq -- 濨趨ʹõӲжϡ õֵ濨йأ ͨ 5, 7, 9,
10, 11, 12, Լ 15ֵͨһܱ豸ʹã  IDE
Ӳвȵȡ

dma -- 濨ʹõֱӼȡ(Direct Memory Access:DMA)ͨ
ֻ춾߻(bus-mastering)Ŀ PCI  VLB
濨߻أҲҪκ ISA ֱӼȡͨ

scsi-id --  SCSI ϣ濨ʶʶ롣
ֻĳЩ濨ıֵ󲿷ڶò䡣
ͨԤֵߣ(Seagate)Լ Future Domain TMC-950 ʹ

parity -- SCSI 濨Ƿӵ豸Ѷʱṩͬλ롣
ָһʾͬλ飬Ϊرա
ͬأеĽ濨֧Ԯѡͬλ

4.2.1  Adaptec aha151x, aha152x, aic6260, aic6360, SB16-SCSI (`aha152x=')

aha Ŷտ aic ŶЩʵʵ SCSI Ƭ  Soundblaster-16
SCSI

Щ SCSI ĳʽѰҴӿϰװĻϵͳ
ûУҲĿȻ͵ʹʽ


     aha152x=iobase[,irq[,scsi-id[,reconnect[,parity]]]]

ע⣬ʽʱд򿪴⣬ֵָ趨㼶

в籾ǰ reconnect ֵΪ豸ߣߡ
ʹá£









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     15



	     aha152x=0x340,11,7,1

ע⣬ָνָͬλ飬 Ҳָ iobase, irq,
scsi-id Լ reconnect ֵ

4.2.2  Adaptec aha154x (`aha1542=')

Щ aha154x ϵеĿ aha1542 ϵеĿһ i82077 
aha1540 ϵеĿûС

Щǻؿп趨ƽԡĲ豸ûš


	     aha1542=iobase[,buson,busoff[,dmaspeed]]

õ iobase ֵͨǣ 0x130, 0x134, 0x230, 0x234, 0x330, 0x334 ֮һ
(Clone)ʹֵ

buson, busoff ֵǸÿռùҵ׼ܹ(ISA)ŵĺ(microsecond)
Ԥֵ 11us on, and 4us offĿ ǹҵ׼ܹ LANCE
̫·лȡҵ׼ܹš

dmaspeed ֵǽֱӼȡʣ԰λԪÿΪλ ԤΪ
5MB/s °Ŀ(soft-configuration)ѡֵ
ϾɵĿʹ(jumpers)幻Ļʹ 10MB/s ʹ
5MB/s ϵֵС顣

4.2.3  Adaptec aha274x, aha284x, aic7xxx (`aic7xxx=')

ЩԽָܴʽĲ

	     aic7xxx=extended,no_reset

 extended ֵΪʾ򿪶Դŵת(extended transla
tion) no_reset ֵΪǸʽʱ 趨濨ʱҪ
SCSI š

4.2.4  AdvanSys SCSI Host Adaptors (`advansys=')

AdvanSys  ʽܽĸλַ AdvanSys SCSI
ע⣬ЩֵʹõĻȫӰ EISA  PCI  
⡣ǽ ISA  Լ VLB  濨У
ʽʱд򿪴Ļ㼶 ɼ
0xdeb[0-f] 趨

4.2.5  Always IN2000 濨 (`in2000=')

 SCSI ͬ IN2000 ʽʹ׼(ASCII)
ɵǰ(prefix)ִ󲿷ݵ һ֧Ԯб

ioport:addr --  addr ǿͨûΨ壩λַ

noreset -- ûѡõĲʱڵ SCSI ö









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     16



nosync:x -- x ǸλԪ(bitmask)ǰ߸λԪӦ߸ SCSI 豸
λԪǵ豸ƣ

趨еλԪԱԸ豸ͬ(sync)Э(negotiation)
ʽԤǹر豸֮ͬ

period:ns -- ns (nanoseconds)Ϊλ֮С SCSI ϴʱ
(period)ԤΪ 500; ɽֵܵ 250  1000

disconnect:x -- x = 0 ߣ2 һߡ x = 1
ΪʵʱߣԤֵ һѡ

debug:x  `DEBUGGING_ON'  x 趨ͬλԪ
μ in2000.h ж DB_xxx

proc:x --  `PROC_INTERFACE'  x Ǿ /proc
ʽܵλԪ֣μ in2000.h ж PR_xxx

гһЩʹá

	     in2000=ioport:0x220,noreset
	     in2000=period:250,disconnect:2,nosync:0x03
	     in2000=debug:0x1e
	     in2000=proc:3

4.2.6  ʹ AMD AM53C974 Ӳ (`AM53C974=')

ʽͬһʹ벺
ӲжϻֱӼȡͨ Ȼ AMD53C974 Ǹ PCI
豸ʵҲҪЩ趨
ȡ֮濨豸䴫ģʽ봫ʵĲ áͣ

	     AM53C974=7,2,8,15

ᱻͳ SCSI-ID 7 Ŀ SCSI-ID 2 豸֮ͨѶ
ʹ 8MHz ֮ͬģʽʡӦЭ 15 λԪƫֵ ϸϿ
linux/drivers/scsi/README.AM53C974 ҵ

4.2.7  BusLogic SCSI 濨 v1.2 ĺ (`buslogic=')

ھɰĺУ buslogic ʽֻһλַ
ֵܽ0x130, 0x140, 0x230, 0x234, 0x330, 0x334

4.2.8  BusLogic SCSI 濨 v2.x ĺ (`BusLogic=')

 v2.x УBusLogic ʽ עĴСдǴд B
Լ L!!!  ϸֱӴ v2.0 е Leonard N. Zubkoff's
ʽùġ

 BusLogic ʽĺ "BusLogic" ʽʶ֣
ϸԶŸ񿪵ѡУѡԵִɡ
ÿжһ BusLogic  ʹö BusLogic
ϵͳϿʹö趨









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     17



һָ濨ڵ I/O λַָԤֵΪ㣬
ʾΪԤ˳ҵĵһ BusLogic 
ָκε I/O λַԤ˳ͻᱻԡ

ڶָ֧Ԯ(Tagged Queuing)Ŀ豸֮ȡ
ͬʱͳ SCSI ָûָԤֵΪ㣬
ʾʹøݽ濨ȼĿ࣬ٶȣ
ԼĿ豸Զжϵֵ Ҫʹ ISA 󻺳(Bounce
Buffers)Ľ濨 ԶΪ BusLogic_TaggedQueueDepth_BB Ա DMA
󻺳Ĺء ֧ԮĿ豸ʹ BusLogic_UntaggedQueueDepth
ȡ

ָͣ(Settle)ʱ䣬Ϊλ ý濨ʹ SCSI
õ SCSI ָ֮ʱ䡣 ûָԤֵΪ㣬ʾʹ Bus
Logic_DefaultBusSettleTime ֵ

ĸָѡûָԤֵΪ㡣
ע⣬ѡֻضĽ濨

ָȫѡûָԤֵΪ㡣
ע⣬ȫѡӦеĽ濨

ִѡṩظԼ濨֮ơ

ָ "TQ:"	ͷ
ȷָǷд֧ԮĿ豸ʹ ǿõָѡ

TQ:Default --  BusLogic
汾ԼȵֵǷָΪжϻ

TQ:Enable --
нſϵĿ豸Խ濨汾ơ

TQ:Disable -- нſϵĿ豸ر

TQ:<ÿĿ趨> -- öÿĿ豸 <ÿĿ趨>
"Y", "N", and "X"  ԪɵĴС "Y" "N" ر "X"
汾ΪԤֵ һԪĿ豸 0ڶ豸
1ƣ  "Y", "N" and "X" ԪвδеĿ豸
δָԪΪ "X"

ע⣬ȷָҪʹܻ⣻
ҪǷرնĳЩûȷʵ˹֮Ŀ豸

ظԵָ "ER:"  ͷȷָ SCSI ָʧܣ
޷ɹɶ ResetCommand ʱִеĴظ ǿõָѡ

ER:Default -- ظ SCSI ϵͳĽѡǿ(Hard
Reset)豸֮һ

ER:HardReset -- ظʼ濨ǿãҲ SCSI
ŵá

ER:BusDeviceReset -- ظͳ豸ѶϢĿ豸








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     18



Ŀ豸ٴɴظͳ豸ѶϢ֮Ŀ豸ûһγɹ
SCSI ָĻ Խǿá

ER:None -- ظᡣ ѡӦֻ SCSI
û豸ûʹĿ豸޷ظ

ER:<ÿĿ趨> -- ظÿĿ豸иơ
<ÿĿ趨> "D", "H", "B", and "N" ԪɵĴС "D"
ѡԤֵ"H" ѡǿã"B" ѡ豸ã "N"ѡá
һԪĿ豸 0ڶ豸 1ƣ  "D", "H" , "B" and
"N" ԪвδеĿ豸 δָԪΪ "X"

濨ִָ

NoProbe -- ִκһ⣬˲⵽ BusLogic 濨

NoProbeISA -- ׼ ISA I/O λַֻ⵽ PCI 濨

NoSortPCI --  PCI BIOS ṩ˳о PCI 濨 κ AutoSCSI "Use
Bus And Device # For PCI Scanning Seq." ѡ趨

4.2.9  EATA SCSI 濨 (`eata=')

µ v2.0 ֮ EATA ʽܽһָҪλַ
ʽΪ


     eata=iobase1[,iobase2][,iobase3]...[,iobaseN]

ʽ˳Щλַ

4.2.10	Future Domain TMC-8xx, TMC-950 (`tmc8xx=')

Щ SCSI ĳʽѰҴӿϰװĻϵͳ
ûУҲĿ ߣ BIOS ǩ(signa
ture)ִϿҲҲ
һ㶼ʹʽ

	     tmc8xx=mem_base,irq

mem_base ֵǽ濨ʹõļӳ(memory mapped)ֵ
ֵ֮ͨһ 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000,
0xde000

4.2.11	Future Domain TMC-16xx, TMC-3260, AHA-2920 (`fdomain=')

ʽһ֪ϵͳΨǩбЩ濨
бμ linux/drivers/scsi/fdomain.c õǰѶ
ʽϵĻϵͳʹָʽ

	     fdomain=iobase,irq[,scsi_id]











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     19



4.2.12	IOMEGA Parallel Port / ZIP drive (`ppa=')

ʽ IOMEGA ZIP ŵ IOMEGA в SCSI  Ҳԭȵ
IOMEGA PPA3 豸ʹá ʽʽΪ

	     ppa=iobase,speed_high,speed_low,nybble

 iobase ֮ŽΪѡֵıѡòеκһ
 linux/drivers/scsi/README.ppa йǿЩʲϸڡ

4.2.13	NCR5380 based controllers (`ncr5380=')

Ľ濨йأ 5380 ʽӦӦ  0x400
λַνӦ  PCI Լ EISA Ӳʹ 0x3ff
ϵλַһ
㶼ָλַӲжԼֱӼȡֵͨ
Ӧ濨ġǣ ncr5380=0x350,5,3 ÿʹжϣ
255(0xff)Ӳжֵرжϵʹá 254 ӦжֵԶ⡣
ϸڵѶ linux/drivers/scsi/README.g_NCR5380 ҵ

4.2.14	NCR53c400 based controllers (`ncr53c400=')

׼ 53c400 ֧Ԯ׼ 5380 ֧֮Ԯͬʽṩ
ȫͬ 53c400 ʹֱӼȡ֮⡣

4.2.15	NCR53c406a based controllers (`ncr53c406a=')

ʽʹָʽ

	     ncr53c406a=PORTBASE,IRQ,FASTPIO

 IRQ Լ FASTPIO Ϊѡжֵرж֮ʹá ʹһ FASTPIO
 insl Լ outsl ָȡһλԪ inb Լ outb ָ
ʽҲɱʱѡ趨ʹֱӼȡ

4.2.16	Pro Audio Spectrum (`pas16=')

PAS16 ʹ NCR5380 SCSI Ƭ¿֧ԮáĸʽΪ

	     pas16=iobase,irq

ΨһĲָͬ 255 Ӳжֵ
ʽҪʹжϣȻЧܻή͡ iobase ͨ 0x388

4.2.17	Seagate ST-0x (`st0x=')

Щ SCSI ĳʽѰҴӿϰװĻϵͳ
ûУҲĿߣ BIOS ǩִϿҲҲ
һ㶼ʹʽ

	     st0x=mem_base,irq

mem_base ֵǽ濨ʹõļӳ(memory mapped)ֵ
ֵ֮ͨһ 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000,








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     20



0xde000

4.2.18	Trantor T128 (`t128=')

Щ濨Ҳ NCR5380 ƬΪѡ

	     t128=mem_base,irq

The valid values for mem_base are as follows: 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000,
0xd8000.   mem_base ֵ£ 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000, 0xd8000

4.2.19	Ultrastor SCSI cards (`u14-34f=')

ע⣬˿ʽΪ CONFIG_SCSI_U14_34F ʹ u14-34f.c
 CONFIG_SCSI_ULTRASTORE ʹ ultrastor.c u14-34f һµ v2.0
һʽµ


     u14-34f=iobase1[,iobase2][,iobase3]...[,iobaseN]

ʽ˳Щλַ

4.2.20	Western Digital WD7000 cards (`wd7000=')

ʽѰ֪ĻϵͳΨִ wd7000
֪׼趨
ûȷֵϵĻϵͳ汾
ʹָʽ

	     wd7000=irq,dma,iobase

4.3   SCSI 

ĿǰΪֹ SCSI 濨ʹκʱڲĳЩ£
ֱӱ༭ʽֵд(hard-wire)ȥıҪĻ

	     Adaptec aha1740 (EISA probing),
	     NCR53c7xx,8xx (PCI, both drivers)
	     Qlogic Fast (0x230, 0x330)
	     Qlogic ISP (PCI)


5.  Ӳ

һг׼ MFM/RLL, ST-506, XT, Լ IDE  ŵص
ע⣬IDE Լǰ ST-506 Ӳʽ `hd=' ѡ

5.1  IDE ŵʽ

IDE ʽܼ ǡΧӴŵ(geome
try)Ƚ֧֮Ԯ п֮ժҪ
Ҫ֪ϸڣ Ӧȥ linux/Documentation Ŀ¼µ ide.txt 
ժҪǴժ¼ġ









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     21



      "hdx="   "a"  "h" е "x" ϣ "hdc" 
      "idex="  "0"  "3" е "x" ϣ "ide1"

      "hdx=noprobe"	     : ҲȷиŵǶҪȥ
      "hdx=none"	     : ûдŵ cmos ҲҪȥ
      "hdx=nowerr"	     : ŵ WRERR_STAT λԪ
      "hdx=cdrom"	     : иŵǸ
      "hdx=cyl,head,sect"    : иŵָŵ
      "hdx=autotune"	     : ʽѽٶȵ֧Ԯ֮
				     ɳʽ(PIO) ģʽ
				     ˴ŵܽܲС
				     Ƭ඼֧Ԯ
				     ܿʹɵģֵ IDE  
				     ⡣
      "idex=noprobe"	     : ҪԴȡʹ
      "idex=base"	     : ָλַ棬 "base"
				     ͨ 0x1f0   0x170  
				      "ctl"   "base"+0x206
      "idex=base,ctl"	     : ָ base Լ ctl
      "idex=base,ctl,irq"    : ָ base, ctl, Լ irq  ֵ
      "idex=autotune"	     : ʽѽٶȵ֧Ԯ֮
				     ɳʽ(PIO) ģʽ
				     ˴ŵܽܲС
				     Ƭ඼֧Ԯ
				     ܿʹɵģֵ IDE  
				     ⡣
      "idex=noautotune"      : ʽٶȡ
				      cmd640 ֮⣬Ǵ󲿷ݾ
				     ƬԤֵ
      "idex=serialize"	     : ص(overlap) idex  ide(x^1)
				     Ĳ

вֻ ide0 Ԥ base, ctl Լ ports ޸ġ


      "ide0=dtc2278"	     : ⣯֧Ԯ DTC2278 
      "ide0=ht6560b"	     : ⣯֧Ԯ HT6560B 
      "ide0=cmd640_vlb"      : ʹ CMD640 Ƭ VLB  濨
			       룪PCI 
			        -- Զ⣩
      "ide0=qd6580"	     : ⣯֧Ԯ qd580 
      "ide0=ali14xx"	     : ⣯֧Ԯ ali14xx Ƭ (ALI M1439/M1445)
      "ide0=umc8672"	     : ⣯֧Ԯ umc8672 Ƭ

ʹκĶᱻܾõһ "BAD OPTION" ѶϢ

5.2  ׼ ST-506 ŵʽѡ(`hd=')

׼ŵʽԽܴŵ߼  IDE ʽơע⣬
ֻϣֵ (C/H/S) -- ĬĬغԵ
ͬʱֻ `hd='  `hda', `hdb=' ڴ˶ ʽ£

	     hd=cyls,heads,sects









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     22



װŵʹõڶŴŵĹظָ

5.3  XT Disk Driver Options (`xd=')

㲻ҵҪʹЩɵġ8 λԪ Ծ˵ 125kb/s
ٶȰϵĽ濨ĶŽҩ
ЩĳʽѰҴӿϰװĻϵͳ
ûУҲĿߣ BIOS ǩִϿҲҲ
һ㶼ʹʽ

	     xd=type,irq,iobase,dma_chan

 type ֵָʾý濨̣ £ 0=generic; 1=DTC; 2,3,4=Western Digi
tal, 5,6,7=Seagate; 8=OMTI
ͬһ֮ĲֹͬĻϵͳִ ָ
type ͻ᲻ʹá

Щֵ xd_setup() ʽȥ飬Ҽйĸֵ
ʧиʹ WD1002 رգεϵͳ
ʹáԤġXT 

	     xd=2,5,0x320,3


6.   (Non-SCSI/ATAPI/IDE)

һг춹豸пܵ ע⣬ⲻ SCSI  IDE/ATAPI
 Щʵ½ڡ

ע⣬󲿷ݹЩļֵһ
Ƕһȡõĵطlinux/Documentation/cdrom

6.1  Aztech  (`aztcd=')

ֽ濨﷨ǣ

	     aztcd=iobase[,magic_number]

㽫 magic_number Ϊ 0x79
ʽ߶ʮһδ֪汾ܡ
ֵᱻԡ

6.2  CDU-31A Լ CDU-33A Sony  (`cdu31a=')

˹ڲ Pro Audio Spectrum ЧԼ Sony
Ľ濨ϡ﷨£

	     cdu31a=iobase,[irq[,is_pas_card]]

ָΪ IRQ ֵߴʽ֧ԮӲжϣĳЩ PAS Ŀ
Ŀ֧ԮжϣӦʹ֮Խʹʽ봦ʹʡ

ʹ Pro Audio Spectrum Ľ濨 `is_pas_card' Ӧ `PAS'
ͲӦʹá








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     23



6.3  CDU-535 Sony  (`sonycd535=')

ֹ濨﷨ǣ

	     sonycd535=iobase[,irq]

ָ IRQ ֵλַռλ(placeholder)

6.4  GoldStar  (`gscd=')

ֹ濨﷨ǣ

	     gscd=iobase

6.5  ISP16  (`isp16=')

ֹ濨﷨ǣ


     isp16=[port[,irq[,dma]]][[,]drive_type]

ʹΪ irq or dma ʾʹøùܡ  drive_type ֵ noisp16,
Sanyo, Pansonic, Sony, and Mitsumiʹ noisp16 ᳹׹صʽ

6.6  Mitsumi ׼ (`mcd=')

ֹ濨﷨ǣ

	     mcd=iobase,[irq[,wait_value]]

 wait_value Ϊڲʱ趨ЩĻϣ
ǷʵʱڵĶֵ

6.7  Mitsumi XA/MultiSession  (`mcdx=')

ĿǰΪֹˡʵԡʽи趨ʽ δʵκβ(as of
1.3.15)ʽͬӲ壬 ʽи๦ܡ

6.8  Optics Storage  (`optcd=')

ֽ濨﷨ǣ

	     optcd=iobase

6.9  Phillips CM206  (`cm206=')

ֽ濨﷨ǣ

	     cm206=[iobase][,irq]

ʽ 3  11 ֮ IRQ ֵ  0x300  0x370
֮벺 ָֻһֵָ˳⡣
Ҳ `cm206=auto' ԴԶ⡣









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     24



6.10  Sanyo  (`sjcd=')

ֽ濨﷨ǣ

	     sjcd=iobase[,irq[,dma_channel]]

6.11  SoundBlaster Pro  (`sbpcd=')

ֽ濨﷨ǣ

	     sbpcd=iobase,type

е type ִ֮һСдв `SoundBlaster', `LaserMate', or
`SPEA' λַǹλַǸÿЧݵλַ


7.  Ӳ豸

κβʺϷе豸

7.1  ̫·豸 (`ether=')

ͬʽʹòͬĲ ٶ IRQ, I/O
λֵַԼơ׼ĸʽ


     ether=irq,iobase[,param_1[,param_2,...param_8]]],name

һֵĲơparam_n
ֵÿŲͬĽ濨ʽͨͬ塣 ͵
param_n ֵָλַѡ DMA ͨȵĶ

˲÷Ԥֵ⵽һ·ʱǿڶ̫·
򵥵ָɣ

	     ether=0,0,eth1

ע⣬ IRQ  I/O λַʽԶȥ⡣

ģʹע⣺ ʽΪִڼģ飨뵽
ʹָǿڶŽ濨 󲿷ݵ Linux
׼ʹһĺģʽ  ether=
ֱֻӱںʽЧ

̫·˵(Ethernet-HowTo)жʹö·Լ param_n
ֵʹóϣ·ʽЩֵʵȵи㷺ļ
ȤĶӦòοļйԼ·½ڡ Ethernet-HowTo2

7.2  ʽ (`floppy=')

ʽѡ ȫ linux/drivers/block  README.fd С

____________________

2. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Ethernet-HOWTO.html>







The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     25



ֱӴӸõȡõѶ

floppy=mask,allowed_drive_mask

趨ʹ֮ŵλԪΪ mask 
Ԥ裬ֻÿĵ㼰һԪ
ΪЩǱ׼Ӳ壨˶ PCI 壩
ڴȡڶԪʱᵱ̡ѡѾ cmos ѡȡˡ

floppy=all_drives

趨ʹ֮ŵλԪΪдŵ
ϽϵĴŵĻʹá

floppy=asus_pci

趨λԪΪֻ㼰һԪԤֵ

floppy=daring

ʽиΪõ
ϻȽЧʡȽƽ˳Щ޷ʹá
ԼĳЩݵ

floppy=0,daring

ʽСĿܡ

floppy=one_fdc

ʽֻһԤֵ

floppy=two_fdc or floppy=address,two_fdc

ʽ ڶλ address
ָĵط ûи addressΪ 0x370 

floppy=thinkpad

ʽһ̨ Thinkpad Thinkpads Ĵŵ·(disk change
line)֮ʹһ෴

floppy=0,thinkpad

ʽû Thinkpad

floppy=drive,type,cmos

趨 drive  cmos Ϊ type ǣŵλԪбǿõġ
ϵĴŵʵ cmos ָֻ
Ļϵͳʹ÷Ǳ׼ CMOS ˡ ǰŵ
cmos Ϊ 0Ԥֵ ʹʽΪЩŵȡʵ cmos

floppy=unexpected_interrupts








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     26



յԤ֮жʱӡѶϢԤ裩

floppy=no_unexpected_interrupts or floppy=L40SX

յԤ֮жʱӡѶϢ IBM L40SX
ϥ͵ĳЩʾģʽҪ ⿴Ӱ֮ĳ໥ϵ
˷Ԥ֮жֻӰЧܣ԰ȫغԡ

7.3  Чʽ (`sound=')

ЧʽҲԽԱʱֵ
Ϊӡ ˵ڣReadme.Linux У
λ linux/drivers/sound ʽĲ


     sound=device1[,device2[,device3...[,device11]]]

ÿ deviceN ֵĸʽΪе 0xTaaaId ÿλԪʹ£

T - 豸: 1=FM, 2=SB, 3=PAS, 4=GUS, 5=MPU401, 6=SB16, 7=SB16-MPU401

aaa - ʮλλַ

I - ʮλ֮ж (i.e 10=a, 11=b, ...)

d - ֱӴȡͨ

൱ңðԼ豸ֵȥ ʹ `sound=0'
ȫرЧʽ

7.4  Żʽ (`bmouse=')

ŻʽֻһӲʹõ IRQ ֵ

7.5  ΢Żʽ (`msmouse=')

΢ʽֻһӲʹõ IRQ ֵ

7.6  ӡʽ (`lp=')

ڸ 1.3.75 ϵĺԸӡʽʹǸԼʹǸ
㲻ӡʽõпõĲвߺܷ㣬
ʽ(e.g. PLIP, PPA)Ϳʹǡ

ĸʽǶ i/o, IRQ ϡ 磬 lp=0x3bc,0,0x378,7 Բ
IRQ(polling) ģʽʹλ 0x3bc Ĳ Ҷλ 0x378 Ĳʹ IRQ 7 λ
0x278 ĲеĻᱻ⵽ ΪԶֻû `lp='
¡ ʹ lp=0 رӡʽ

7.7  ICN λ·(ISDN)ʽ (`icn=')

λ·ʽΪ

	     icn=iobase,membase,icn_id1,icn_id2








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     27



 iobase Ǹÿ벺λַ membase ǸÿĹλַ
 icn_id Ψһʶ ASCII ʶִ

7.8  PCBIT ISDN ʽ (`pcbit=')

ʽʹһ

	     pcbit=membase1,irq1[,membase2,irq2]

 membaseN ǵ N ſĹף  irqN ǵ N ſж趨
Ԥֵ IRQ 5 Լ membase 0xD000

7.9  Teles ISDN ʽ (`teles=')

 ISDN ʽʽΪ

	     teles=iobase,irq,membase,protocol,teles_id

 iobase Ǹÿ i/o λַ membase ǸÿĹλַirq
Ǹÿʹõжϣ  teles_id Ψһʶ ASCII ʶִ

7.10  DigiBoard ʽ (`digi=')

DigiBoard ʽŸ֮ıʶִ ֵΪ

	     򿪣رոÿ
	     ࣺ PC/Xi(0), PC/Xe(1), PC/Xeve(2), PC/Xem(3)
	     򿪣ر(alternate pin arrangement)
	     ÿϵĲ
	     ÿ趨벺ִָΪʮλ
	     䴰ĻףִָΪʮλ

ȷִ֮Լʽ磺

	     digi=E,PC/Xi,D,16,200,D0000
	     digi=1,0,0,16,512,851968

ע⣬ʽ digi= ԤΪ 0x200  Ϊ
0xD0000 ִԶ⡣ һϸڿ linux/Documentation/digi
board.txt ҵ

7.11  RISCom/8 ಺пʽ (`riscom8=')

Up to four boards can be supported by supplying four unique i/o port values for
each individual board installed.  Other details can be found in the file
linux/Documentation/riscom8.txt.

֧ԮſṩĸΨһ벺ÿſ ϸڿ linux/Docu
mentation/riscom8.txt ҵ

7.12  Baycom Уݻ (`baycom=')

Щ豸ʽ¡









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     28



	     baycom=modem,io,irq,options[,modem,io,irq,options]

ʹ modem=1 ʾ ser12 豸modem=2 ʾ par96 豸 ʹ options=0
ʾʹӲ DCDoptions=1 ʾʹ DCD io Լ irq
һ벺Լж趨  /linux/drivers/char/ Ŀ¼µ README.bay
com иϸڡ


8.  

㷢ļκĿĴִ󣬻ʱѶ
֪׾ͻῴ©ˡ

лл

Paul Gortmaker, gpg109@rsphy1.anu.edu.au














































The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo 					     29





































































				   CONTENTS



1.  ..................................................................... 1
   1.1	Ȩ .......................................................... 1
   1.2	ļ ............................................................ 2
   1.3	Linux Ⱥ ...................................................... 2
   1.4	°ļ ............................................................ 3

2. ʾŹ ......................................................... 3
   2.1	LILO (LInux LOader) ................................................. 3
   2.2	LoadLin ............................................................. 4
   2.3	``rdev'' óʽ ................................................... 4
   2.4	в .................................................... 4
   2.5	趨 ........................................................ 5
   2.6	ݲ `init' ʽ .............................................. 5

3. һ޹豸Ե ............................................... 5
   3.1	ϵͳѡ ...................................................... 5
   3.2	ŵ(RAM Disk)йصѡ ................................ 6
   3.3	йصĲ .............................................. 8
   3.4	·ϵͳ(NFS)ΪϵͳʹõĲ ......................... 9
   3.5	ĺ ............................................. 10

4. С͵ǻ۽(SCSI)ܱߵ .................................... 13
   4.1	вʽĲ ................................................. 13
   4.2	SCSI Ĳ ...................................................... 14
   4.3	 SCSI  ........................................... 20

5. Ӳ .................................................................. 20
   5.1	IDE ŵʽ ......................................... 20
   5.2	׼ ST-506 ŵʽѡ(`hd=') ................................ 21
   5.3	XT Disk Driver Options (`xd=') ..................................... 22

6.  (Non-SCSI/ATAPI/IDE) ............................................. 22
   6.1	Aztech  (`aztcd=') ............................................. 22
   6.2	CDU-31A Լ CDU-33A Sony  (`cdu31a=') ......................... 22
   6.3	CDU-535 Sony  (`sonycd535=') ................................... 23
   6.4	GoldStar  (`gscd=') ............................................ 23
   6.5	ISP16  (`isp16=') .............................................. 23
   6.6	Mitsumi ׼ (`mcd=') .......................................... 23
   6.7	Mitsumi XA/MultiSession  (`mcdx=') ............................. 23
   6.8	Optics Storage  (`optcd=') ..................................... 23
   6.9	Phillips CM206  (`cm206=') ..................................... 23
   6.10 Sanyo  (`sjcd=') ............................................... 24
   6.11 SoundBlaster Pro  (`sbpcd=') ................................... 24

7. Ӳ豸 ............................................................ 24
   7.1	̫·豸 (`ether=') ............................................ 24
   7.2	ʽ (`floppy=') ........................................... 24
   7.3	Чʽ (`sound=') ............................................ 26
   7.4	Żʽ (`bmouse=') ..................................... 26
   7.5


				       i









	΢Żʽ (`msmouse=') ................................ 26
   7.6	ӡʽ (`lp=') ............................................. 26
   7.7	ICN λ·(ISDN)ʽ (`icn=') ........................ 26
   7.8	PCBIT ISDN ʽ (`pcbit=') ..................................... 27
   7.9	Teles ISDN ʽ (`teles=') ..................................... 27
   7.10 DigiBoard ʽ (`digi=') ....................................... 27
   7.11 RISCom/8 ಺пʽ (`riscom8=') ........................... 27
   7.12 Baycom Уݻ (`baycom=') ............................ 27

8.  .................................................................... 28














































				       ii


