








		       The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ

			      by Paul Gortmaker.

			    v1.14, 1 February 1998



				   Abstract

       oOҰʴܻ(BootPrompt-Howto)A
       zFҦiHbҰʮɴǵ Linux ֤ߪҰʮɴѼ(argu
     ments)C
       ]tҦ֤߻P]ƪѼơC]]t֤ߦpƧ(sorts)
     ҰʮɴѼƪQסA
       ٦@ǱҰ Linux ֤߱`γn鷧zC



1.  ²

֤ߦObҰʮɥH`OC'覡ѼƸTA
{ɩҵ@ǰѼ(argument list)C
q`oOΨӴѮ֤ߤ@ǥSkۤvTwwѼƸTA άOקKܧ(over
ride)֤ߦۤvoȡC

MӡApGA֤߬M(kernel image)nФWA ]Ҧp cp zImage
/dev/fd0^ANS|wѼƵ֤ߡC ҥHj Linux
ϥΪ̳ϥιO LILO άO loadlin @oǰѼƶǵ֤ߡA
MҰʥnC

Ҳ(MODULE)ϥΪ̽Ъ`NG
嫬ҰʴܰѼƥuΩ󪽱sĶ֤߸̪wXʵ{C
̹ϥμҲդ覡JXʵ{SvTC joM(distributions)
ϥμҲաC pGALkTwA iH /etc/conf.modules ed\ man depmod
H man modprobeC

ثeo[\ v2.0.33 ֤ߡCPɤ]]t v2.1.84 A
oiժ֤ߪSʡC

oҰʴܻ@̬OG

     Paul Gortmaker, gpg109@rsphy1.anu.edu.au

Ъ`NASOD i386 γ]ơ]רO Atari/Amiga^Ϊ
ҰʴܰѼƥثeèSgiӡC

1.1  ŨPv

oëD勵TuzCMӥjOAү̷sTC
SHAwҵoͪƭtdAFAۤvH~C
pGAw_ϿNF]DDDoXGiI^ڤ]SdC


The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      1





The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      2



]NOھڳo󤤩ҴѪThӳyl`@̷tdC

o󪺪v Copyright (C) 1995-1998 ݩ Paul GortmakerC

oi̲ĤG GNU qΤ}v(General Public License)A
]AnAiC Ӹ`аѾ\H Linux ֤ߪ linux/COPYING ɮסC

pGAQo󶰵XAлPpAڷ|T{AoO_̷sTC
LhgLɪ Linux 󪩥XA
yoi̬Fbs󤤤wתDQ}YߡC

This document is not gospel. However, it is probably the most up to date info
that you will be able to find. Nobody is responsible for what happens to your
hardware but yourself. If your hardware goes up in smoke (...nearly impossi
ble!)  I take no responsibility. ie. THE AUTHOR IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAM
AGES INCURRED DUE TO ACTIONS TAKEN BASED ON THE INFORMATION INCLUDED IN THIS
DOCUMENT.

This document is Copyright (C) 1995-1998 by Paul Gortmaker.

This document may be copied according to the conditions of the GNU General Pub
lic License, version 2, included herein by reference. See the file linux/COPY
ING that comes with the Linux kernel for full details.

If you are intending to incorporate this document into a published work, please
contact me, and I will make an effort to ensure that you have the most up to
date information available. In the past, out of date versions of the Linux
howto documents have been published, which caused the developers undue grief
from being plagued with questions that were already answered in the up to date
versions.

1.2  

̷sûO֤ߪl{XC@UIn`ȡC
\Ūlɸ̪Ѥݭn{]pC ҦpApGAniHǵ AHA1542 SCSI
Xʵ{ѼơA N linux/drivers/scsi ؿUh aha1542.c oɡA be
100 ̴NiH@q廡 1542 Xʵ{ұҰʮɴѼơC

UӵΪѦҬO֤ߥHɡCثeähA jiHb linux/Docu
mentation ؿΨUlؿC linux ؿq`iHb /usr/src/ UC
ɭԤ]iHbXʵ{ؿ̧ README.foo ɮ ]Ҧp linux/drivers/XXX/
A䤤 XXX iO scsi, char, or net^C

pGAwgQnϥΪҰʰѼơAӲ{bQDpoǸTǵ֤ߪܡA
NݬݧAΨӱҰʮ֤ߪn]Ҧp LILO Ϊ̬O loadlin ^HC
U²uzANҰʳnHC

1.3  Linux sDs

pGAǻѼƵ֤߳o譱DAХŪ@ŪoC
pGHΫeҴ쪺󳣨S^ADAAiHո Linux
sDsաC MAbvKXADeӥ\ŪӷsDsաA
]iwgHݹLoӰDAΪ̳oiwgOӱ`D(a FAQ)C
iKeֳts linux `D|OӦnߺDC








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      3



AӯbFo󪺬YB`DC

ptmtΪ@ʰDӪK comp.os.linux.setup sDsաC
ЧALoӦiKe@DҡAåBA nAݨDeiK(cross-
post)䥦sեhC

1.4  s

siѰΦWɮ׶ǿA(anonymous FTP)q sunsite.unc.edu oӯoA b
/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/ ؿ̡C `NASunSITE tg`ܤjA
ҥHĳA̦n Linux ɮ׶ǿMg(mirror)`IoC
sTHΡάOXʵ{ɴN|ɥRơC
pGA{bŪowgXӤ뤧[AAioT{@UO_sC

oYϥΤ@MSO Linux peק諸 SGML tΩҲͪA
UؤPX榡A]A postscript, dvi, ascii, html, HαNnX{ Tex
infoC ګĳH html]gѥyTs^ Postscript/dvi 榡\ŪC
o̳]t ascii ഫL{h椬Ѧ(cross-references)C

pGAQq sunsite oA}(URL)bC BootPrompt-HOWTO1


2.  ҰʴܰѼƷ[

o@`Ф@ǥiHΨӶǻҰʮɴѼƵ֤ߥndҡC
]AoǰѼƫYpQBzAҰʰѼƦ˪A
HΥ̦pQeUӾA]ƪ[C

@Iܭno`NObҰʰѼƤӨϥΪťաA ubUOѼƤiHC
@ѼƨȪC(A list of values)ObUȤHr}AA@A
SťաCѨUdҡC

	     ether=9,0x300,0xd0000,0xd4000,eth0  root=/dev/hda1
     *RIGHT*
	     ether = 9, 0x300, 0xd0000, 0xd4000, eth0  root = /dev/hda1
     *WRONG*

2.1  LILO (LInux LOader)

̱`ΪO Werner Almesberger Ҽg LILO(LInux LOader) {C
OҰʤP֤ߡAӥBtmTsb@ӯ¤rɸ̡C
joM󳣪 LILO @w]ҰʸJ{(boot-loader)C LILO
iH@PaҰ DOS, OS/2, Linux, FreeBSD AӥB۷uʡC

bA}A嫬tm| LILO æLX LILO:C
MᵥӴXݬݨϥΪ̦SJﶵASܴNҰʹw]tΡC b LILO
tmɸ̨嫬tμҬO linux H backup M msdosC
pGAQnJҰʰѼơAiHboAbJAn LILO ҰʪtΤҫ᭱A
UoӽdҩܪC

	     LILO: linux root=/dev/hda1

____________________

1. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html>







The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      4



LILO HΪAӥBFo̩ҰQתҰʰѼƤϥΡA
AQnҰʮɴѼƥ[ LILO tmɸ̥ä[ϥή LILO  append=
OND`nC un²ab /etc/lilo.conf ɤ[J append = "foo=bar"
o˪FFYiC iH[bɪ̫eAϥC@`(section)ͮġA
άO[bY image= `ϸ̨ϥӸ`ϥͮġC аѾ\ LILO ̧󧹾㪺C

2.2  LoadLin

t@ӱ`Ϊ Linux J{ `LoadLin' hO@䦳Oq DOS
ܲŸ(prompt)UҰ Linux ֤ߡ]iHҰʰѼơ^ DOS {A
pYǨtθ귽iΪܴNC oϥ DOS ÷Qq DOS UҰʶiJ Linux
HӨܦnΡC

pGA֦@ǻݭnϥΨҴѪ DOS Xʵ{ӪϤƥHiJiΪA (known
state)w騺򥦤]ܦΡC @ӱ`ҤlOݭnϥ DOS Xʵ{]w(twiddle)
XӯȦsϥiJnQdۮeҦnQdۮeĥdC Ұ DOS
PҪXʵ{A Mq DOS ܲŸUϥ LOADLIN.EXE J Linux
HקKsҰ(reboot)|m(reset)ӥdC pӥdbnQdۮeҦ]Nb
Linux UϥΡC

٦@Ǩ䥦{iHΨӱҰ LinuxC 㪺CЧbAa Linux
ɮ׶ǿM]`I̪{A b system/Linux-boot/ UC

2.3  ``rdev'' ε{

֤ߥ̭ƭӦ줸զsּƴXӮ֤߱ҰʰѼƪw]ȡC
bjtθ̦w˦@٬ rdev ε{DoǭȦb̡A
HΦpܥ̡C ]ܥt~@ǨS۹蠟֤߱ҰʰѼƪFA
Ow]ܼҦ(video mode)C

 rdev ε{q`]t(aliased to) swapdev, ramsize, vidmode H root
flagsCܤتFAOOڥؿ](root device)A m](swap
device)AOϺ(RAM disk)ѼơAw]ܼҦA
ήڥؿ]ƪs]w(readonly/readwrite)C

h rdev TiHǥѿJ rdev -h άOѾ\uW (man rdev)oC

2.4  ֤ߦpƦCѼ

jҰʰѼƮ榡G

	     name[=value_1][,value_2]...[,value_11]

䤤 `name' O@ӥΨӰߤ@ѧO(unique)ȡ]pGܡ^
On֤ߪӳrC hӱҰʰѼƥuOWz榡HťդjCC
`N 11 OuꪺA ]{檺{XCruBz 11
ӥHrjѼơC
]MӡAbDM`pUAiHШϥάۦPr[J 11 ӥHWѼơA
p]w禡䴩o˷dܡC^ Pɤ]n`NA֤ߧC(splits)̦h 10
ӪưѼơA ᭱øۤ@ӦrAҥHAu 11 ӾơA
DAۦbXʵ{N 11 ӰѼƥѦrഫơC

jƧǪʧ@Ob linux/init/main.c ̭C A֤߬dݰѼƬO_ `root=',
`Ro', `Rw', or `Debug' oǯSOѼơC oǯSOѼƪNq夤|i@BC








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      5



MᥦL(walks)@tC]w禡]b bootsetups }C̡^
ݬݩҫwѼƦr]O
`foo'^OOP䤤@ӳ]w禡]foo_setup()^A
H]wSw]Ʃή֤ߪ@C pGAǵ֤ foo=3,4,5,6,bar
oˤ@樺֤߷|jM bootsetups }Cݬ `foo' O_UC
pGA򥦷|IsP `foo' p]w禡]foo_setup()^
å浹b֤߫OCҵưѼ 3, 4, 5, and 6Aå浹rѼ barC

2.5  ]wܼ

󤣳Q@Wz]w禡 `foo=bar' ԭz|QĶn]wܼơC
@ӡ]SΪH^dҬOH `TERM=vt100' @ҰʰѼơC

2.6  ǻѼƵ `init' {

ѤUA ֤ߤަӥBQĶܼƤѼƱUӷ|ǵĤ@ӵ{(pro
cess)A q`O init {C ̱`ǵ init {ǪѼƬO single oӦrA  init
qҰʦbHҦ(single user mode) åBҰʩҦ@몺nd{(daemons) C
d\Atθ̦w˪ init uWUݬݥǰѼơC


3.  @L]ƯSʪҰʰѼ

ǱҰʰѼƨëDP]ƩΩPC
̤DOPYӮ֤ߤѼƬAOO骺BzAOϺЪBzA
ɮרtΪBzHΨ䥦FFC

3.1  ɮרtοﶵ

UCﶵһP֤ߦpܤγBzɮרtΦC

3.1.1  `root=' Ѽ

ѼƧiD֤߱ҰʮɥHӳ]Ƨ@ɮרtΨϥΡC
]ww]Ȭسy(bulid)֤߮ɨtΪɮרtγ]ơC
ҦpApG֤߬Ob@ӥH `/dev/hda1' @ɮרtΤΰϪtΤWسyA
w]ɮרtγ]ƴNO `dev/hda1'C
nܧ󦹹w]ȡAÿܲĤGxnо@ɮרtγ]ƪܡA iHϥ
`root=/dev/fd1'C

iΪɮרtγ]ƬUC]ƨ䤤@G

(1) /dev/hdaN to /dev/hddN, oO ST-506 ۮeϺ `a to d' W N ӤΰϡC

(2) /dev/sdaN to /dev/sdeN, oO SCSI ۮeϺ `a to e' W N ӤΰϡC

(3) /dev/sdaN to /dev/xdbN, oO XT ۮeϺ `a to b' W N ӤΰϡC

(4) /dev/fdN, oOnоX NC N=0  DOS U `A:' ϺоA N=1 h
`B:'C

(5) /dev/nfs, oëDuOӳ]ơA
ӬO@ӧiD֤߸gѺoɮרtΪXСC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      6



WzϺг]ƪt@ؼƦr榡A 󬰲©BSiʪDnn(major/minor)
X]౵C ]Ҧp /dev/sda3 DnX 8AnX 3A ҥHAiHϥ
root=0x803 @t@ثw覡C^

oOּƴXӦb֤ߤsw]ȡA ҥHiH rdev ε{ܪ֤߱ҰʰѼơC

3.1.2  `ro' Ѽ

֤߱ҰʮɥݭnӮɮרtΥHŪ@ǰ򥻪FC
oNObڥؿɮרtΡC MӡApGɮרtΥHiHgJ覡WӪܡA
ANLkbɮ׼g@bpUTaˬdɮרtΪʡC  `ro'
ﶵiD֤ߥHŪ覡JɮרtΡA pɮרtΤ@Pˬd{(fsck)
bˬdɳiHwa]Sɮ׼g@bpC
S{ε{ǥiHgJɮרtΪ쥦sHiŪg覡JC

oOּƴXӦb֤ߤsw]ȡA ҥHiH rdev ε{ܪ֤߱ҰʰѼơC

3.1.3  `rw' Ѽ

oPW@ӧۤϡAiD֤ߥHiŪgJ覡JɮרtΡC
LצpAw]OHiŪg覡JɮרtΡC
nbHiŪg覡JɮרtΤW `fsck' {C

ѼƨϥΪȻPW@xs֤߬MѼƬۦPAig rdev sC

3.2  POϺ(RAM Disk)޲zﶵ

UCﶵһP֤ߦpBzOϺг]ƦA
oصϺг]Ƴq`bw˶qҰʾɨϥΡA
ΰtXϥμҲդXʵ{HsɮרtΪWC

3.2.1  `ramdisk_start=' Ѽ

FϮ֤߬MPYOϺЬMb@inФA ҥH[Jo
`ramdisk_start=<offset>' OC
֤ߤbYLOϺФɮרtάM̡A
]oq̶}lĹsϰ϶}lmA
p򥻿XJt(BIOS)~JҰʺϰϦӮ֤ߤ]~}lҰʰC

`NGpGAϥΪOSYOϺЬMA
֤ߥiHOnJOϺФɮרtάM@A BӳnХiH LILO
ҰʡA̤]iHpPYM묰}ⳡC

pGAϥαҰʡ(boot/root)iϤ覡]֤ߤ@iA
OϺЬMĤGi^OϺз|ѲĹsϰ϶}lA
èϥιs@(offset)C]oOw]ȡAAڥuhϥγoӫOC

3.2.2  `load_ramdisk=' Ѽ

ѼƧiD֤߬O_nJ@OϺЬMC `load_ramdisk=1'
w֤߱NnиJܰOϺФC
w]ȬsAܮ֤ߤӸյۥhJOϺСC

аѾ\ linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      7



ɮפsҰʰѼƻPpϥΥ̪ԭzC Pɤ]pǥ `rdev'
ӳ]wxsoǭӰѼơC

3.2.3  `prompt_ramdisk=' Ѽ

ѼƧiD֤߬O_nAӴܭnDJtOϺЬMϤC

buΤ@inЪtmUOϺЬMPJҰʪ֤ߦbۦPnФWGݭnܡC
oرpiH `prompt_ramdisk=0'C
bϥΨinЪtmUAݭnө⴫Ϥ|AGiHϥ `prompt_ramdisk=1'C
]oOw]ȡAҥHuhwC ]cDGqeH̲ߺDϥ `vga=ask' o
LILO ﶵӼȮɰҰʵ{ǥHo⴫ҰʺϤήںϤ|C^

аѾ\ linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt
ɮפsҰʰѼƻPpϥΥ̪ԭzC Pɤ]pǥ `rdev'
ӳ]wxsoǭӰѼơC

3.2.4  `ramdisk_size=' Ѽ

]OϺйڤW|̻ݨDʺAA
ҥHjpӤW[HHKΥҦiΪOaơC w] 4096(i.e.
4MB) ӨjݨDC AiHγoӱҰʰѼܧ󦹹w]ȡC

аѾ\ linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt
ɮפsҰʰѼƻPpϥΥ̪ԭzC Pɤ]pǥ `rdev'
ӳ]wxsoǭӰѼơC

3.2.5  `ramdisk=' Ѽơ]LF^

]`NGoӰѼƬOªAF v1.3.47 HΧª֤ߤ~ӨϥΡC
ӨϥΪOeҭzO^

oӰѼƥHd줸(kB)wOϺг]ƪjpC ҦpApGQn@i
1.44MB nФWɮרtθJܰOϺг]ơA iHΡG

	     ramdisk=1440

oOּƴXӦb֤ߤsw]ȡAҥHiH rdev ε{ܪ֤߱ҰʰѼơC

3.2.6  `noinitrd']ҩlOϺС^Ѽ

v2.x Χs֤ߦӯSʡAɮרtγ̪OOϺСA
M֤߰OMW /linuxrcC
oӯSʨ嫬YΩJYǱJuɮרtΩһݭnҲ
]ҦpAJxsOϺЬM̪ SCSI Xʵ{A M᱾JbY SCSI
Ϻи̯uɮרtΡC^

ڪ `noinitrd' ѼƨMw֤߱ҰʤpBz initrd ơC
pGwAiHg /dev/initrd sA iHbO^tΤeŪ@C
lOϺЪӸ`PϥνаѾ\ linux/Documentation/initrd.txtC
~A̷s LILO  LOADLIN ӷ|]t䥦ΪTC











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      8



3.3  PO޲zѼ

UCѼƷ| linux γBztιεO骺覡C

3.3.1  `mem=' Ѽ

@oӰѼƦӥتGتOwҦw˪Oƶq ]pGAQ
linux ϥΪOƶqiHw@Ӹpȡ^C ĤGӡ]ܤ֥Ρ^تhOw
mem=nopentium HKiD linux ֤ߤnϥ 4MB (page table)oӮįSʡC

bӤHqW椤A
wq^Ǧw˰Oƶq򥻿XJIsQ]p̦hu^̦h 64MBC
]OAt@ӯʥF]pAN 1024 LϺЭDDDuC^ Linux
bҰʮɷ|ϥΦ򥻿XJIsHTww˪OƶqC pGAw˪OWL
64MBAiHγoӱҰʰѼƧiD Linux AhְOC Uޥ Linus  mem=
ѼƪC

֤߷|Aҵ `mem=xx' ѼơAӦpGo{AFA
𦭤@w|ݡC oӰѼƫܥiHw}̰O}AҥHA Ҧp
`mem=0x1000000' ܧA 16MB OC ֦ 96MB ӨȬ
`mem=0x6000000'C

`N`N`NG

YǾi|ϥγ̤Wh(top)O@򥻿XJtΪ֨@γ~A
ҥHAiëDھ֦ 96MB iw}ŶCϤMG

YǴշ|N򥻿XJtβ[\Oϰ(map)̤WhO᭱A
ҥHO̤WhڤWiO 96MB + 384kBC pGAiD linux
O񥦹ڤW֦٦hAN|XpG]\|ߨXơA
̫@w|o͡C

`NAѼƨëD@woOQi쫬AA ӥBiHϥ `k' P
`M']jpgL^rOwd줸եHΦʸU줸աC ]`k'
|Aȱ(shift) 10 줸A `M' | 20 줸C^
Wzĵi̵MSܡAuWҡA @x 96MB ]\iH] mem=97920k ӵLkϥ
mem=98304k  mem=96MC

3.3.2  `swap=' Ѽ

o\ϥΪ̽վYǻPϺиm(swapping)OѼ(VM)C
UCKӰѼơG

	     MAX_PAGE_AGE
	     PAGE_ADVANCE
	     PAGE_DECLINE
	     PAGE_INITIAL_AGE
	     AGE_CLUSTER_FRACT
	     AGE_CLUSTER_MIN
	     PAGEOUT_WEIGHT
	     BUFFEROUT_WEIGHT

쪺aĳA\Ū linux/mm/swap.c ê`N /proc/sys/vm ̭FC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					      9



3.3.3  `buff=' Ѽ

 `swap=' ѼơAo\ϥΪ̽վYǻPwİO(buffer)޲zѼơC
UCӰѼơC

	     MAX_BUFF_AGE
	     BUFF_ADVANCE
	     BUFF_DECLINE
	     BUFF_INITIAL_AGE
	     BUFFEROUT_WEIGHT
	     BUFFERMEM_GRACE

쪺aĳA\Ū linux/mm/swap.c ê`N /proc/sys/vm ̭FC

3.4  Hɮרt(NFS)@ɮרtΨϥΪѼ

ǥѳzLɮרt(NFS: Network FileSystem) Ѯɮרt Linux
䴩L(diskless)u@o˪tΡC
oǰѼƫYΨӧiDLФu@nq@xotΡC Pɭn`N root=/dev/nfs
ѼƬOݪC ϥκɮרtΧ@ɮרtΤӸ`b linux/Documenta
tion/nfsroot.txt ɮ׸̡C AӾ\ŪoɮסA
]UuOqɮתLӪֳtKnC

3.4.1  `nfsroot=' Ѽ

oӰѼƧiD֤ߥH@xA
ӥؿHΨǭӺɮרtοﶵ@ɮרtΨϥΡC Ѽƪ榡pUG

	     nfsroot=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]

pGOCWSw nfsroot ѼơAhNϥ `/tftpboot/%s' w]ȡC
䥦ﶵpUG

<server-ip> -- wɮרtΦAݪں}(IP address)C
pGSwAhϥΥ nfsaddrs ܼơ]U^ҨMwȡC
Ѽƪγ~@O\ϥΤP@ϦV}ѪRw(RARP)
κɮרtΦAݡCq`AiHޥ]]ťա^C

<root-dir> -- AݤWn@ڱJؿW١CpGrꤤ `%s' ŰO(token)A
ŰONNȤݺں} ASCII ܪkC

<nfs-options> -- зǪɮרtοﶵCҦﶵHr}C
pGSwﶵhϥΤUCw]ȡG

	     port	     = as given by server portmap daemon
	     rsize	     = 1024
	     wsize	     = 1024
	     timeo	     = 7
	     retrans	     = 3
	     acregmin	     = 3
	     acregmax	     = 60
	     acdirmin	     = 30
	     acdirmax	     = 60
	     flags	     = hard, nointr, noposix, cto, ac








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     10



3.4.2  `nfsaddrs=' Ѽ

oӱҰʰѼƳ]wqTһݪUغɭ}CpGSwoӰѼơA
h֤߷|յۨϥΤϦV}ѪRwHΡάOҰʨw(BOOTP)HXoǰѼơC
榡pUG

	     nfsaddrs=<my-ip>:<serv-ip>:<gw-ip>:<netmask>:<name>:<dev>:<auto>

<my-ip> -- Ȥݪں}CpGS]A
}NѤϦV}ѪRwαҰʨwӨMwC
ϥΦبwݵtm֤߮ɥ}ﶵH <auto> ѼƦөwC
pG]wѼơAN|ϥΤϦV}ѪRwαҰʨwC

<serv-ip> -- ɮרtΦAݤں}C
pGϥΤϦV}ѪRwӨMwȤݦ}åB]wѼơA
huqwAݶǨӪ^C
nϥΤP@ϦV}ѪRPɮרtΦAݪܡA
bwAϦV}ѪRwAݡ]Oťա^æb nfsroot Ѽơ]Wz^
wAɮרtΦAݡC
pGتťիhϥΦ^ϦV}ѪRwαҰʨwAݪ}C

<gw-ip> -- hD(gateway)ں}AYAݦ󤣦PlWɡC
pGتťիhϥΥhDð]Aݦba(local)WA
DѱҰʨwȡC

<netmask> -- aBnC
pGťաAhBnѫȤݪں}ɥXADѱҰʨwȡC

<name> -- ȤݪW١C pGťաAhϥΫȤݺں}
ASCII-аOkAΥѱҰʨwȡC

<dev> -- nϥΪ]ƦW١C
pGťաAҦ]Ƴ|ΨӵoXϦV}ѪRШDA
ҰʨwШDѳ̥쪺]ƵoXC
ɮרtΨϥαϦV}ѪRwαҰʨw^]ơC
pGAu@ӳ]ƨAiHޥC

<auto> -- ΥH@۰ʰtmkC pGO `rarp' άO `bootp'
hϥΩҫܪwC pGȬ `both'
ΪťաAYtm֤߮ɦ}oبwhϥΡC `none'
ܤϥΦ۰ʰtmCoرpUAwez줤ҦnȡC

 <auto> ѼƥiH@ nfsaddrs ѼƳWϥΡ]eS `:` r^A
oرpU|ϥΦ۰ʰtmCMӡAرpϥ `none'@ȡC

3.5  䥦t~֤߱ҰʰѼ

oǱҰʰѼϥΪ̽վYǮ֤ߤѼơC

3.5.1  The `debug' Argument

֤߸g printk() 禡ǹFn]HΨS򭫭n^T޲z(operator)C
pGTܭnA printk() 禡]|ܨDx(console)WA NpPᵹ klogd()
OϺФW@C








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     11



pPOϺФW@bDxWܭnT]O]bpU
]ҦpϺзla^TNLksJϺЦӺ|C

쩳򭫭n򤣭neǥ console_loglevel ܼƳ]wC w]O
DEBUG] 7^nFODxWhC ]oǵũwqb kernel.h
tJɤ^w debug ҰʰѼƱNϥDxOų] 10A
ҥHҦ֤߰T|X{bDxWC

DxOųq`]iHbg klogd() {ﶵ]wC
dݧAtΤw˪uWݬݸӫ򰵡C

3.5.2  `init=' Ѽ

֤߱Ұʮɹw] `init' {Ao{UӸgѰ getty {A ] `rc'
OZ(scripts)HνѦpFFϥΪ̳]wqC ֤߭M /sbin/init
AMO /etc/init (depreciated)A ӳ̫ᥦ|h /bin/sh ]ib /etc/rc ^C
pGAҦpApGA init {aFAunϥ init=/bin/sh

oӱҰʰѼƴNAbҰʮɪĶ(shell)AϧAa{C

3.5.3  `no387' Ѽ

Y i387 PBz(bugs)Ab 32 줸O@ҦU|X{C
ҦpA ULSI-387 bBIBɷ|A oGO]
FRSAV/FRRESTOR O@ΡC ϥ `no387' ҰʰѼƨ Linux
NAuƭȻUBz]sbC
MsĶ֤߮ɧA[Jƭȼ䴩I pGAYǯϥ 80287
BIBz椸(FPU)j 386 o]ܦΡA ] linux Lkϥ 80287C

3.5.4  `no-hlt' Ѽ

i386]Ψ~̡^ aڪBz `hlt'
OΨӧiDBz{bSưA
Yӥ~]ơ]LAƾھAϺе^IsBzȬC
oӫO|ϤBziJٹqҦA ӦH(zom
bie)매b̪즳ӥ~]ƥs_ ]gѤ_(interrupt) Aq`O^C
 i486DX-100 Bzo `hlt' ODA
ϥιLoӫOᥦ̤iaa^B@ҦC ϥ `no-hlt' oӫOiD
LinuxLƥiɶ]ӵLajӤABzC
oǴH̯ϥ LinuxAM٬Oĳi઺ܴNoǴC

3.5.5  `no-scroll' Ѽ

ҰʮɨϥγoӰѼƥiH(scrolling)SʡAoӯSʨϱo Braille
׺ݾHϥΡC

3.5.6  `panic=' Ѽ

bӥio֤߲ͪ`(kernel panic)ƥU]O֤߰줺~A
û{o˪~YӵoXĵTð@~^A

w]Bz覡ONbઽ즳HLӨê`NùW`ĵTM᭫sҰʾC

MӦpGObLkĲΡAja]ܤ]\|Ʊ楦۰ʭmۤvM^uWC








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     12



ҦpAҰʮɨϥ panic=30 |Ϯ֤ߦbo֤߲ͮ` 30 յۭsҰʦۤvC
YȬshϥιw]Bz覡ANO@b൥C

`NAoӹO(timeout)]w]ig /proc/sys/kernel/panic tα
(sysctl)ŪP]wC

3.5.7  `profile=' Ѽ

֤ߵoi̭̥iH}YӿﶵHo֤ߦpϥΤBzɶHΥΦbءA
HK̤jƮĲv(efficiency)Pį(performance)C
oӿﶵAbҰʮɳ]w[ܤƪp(the profile shift count)C
Ȥ@]GCA]iHbsĶ֤߮ɥ}\CLרرpAAݭn read
profile.c oiHBz /proc/profile XuC

3.5.8  `reboot=' ﶵ

oӿﶵmq ]嫬Og /sbin/init Bz Control-Alt-Delete ʧ@^
Linux ҰsҰʤC s v2.0 ֤߹w]ʧ@ON}
]mA򥻿XJtΰOˬd^HNx}
]SmASOˬd^C

אּw]N}OFnbKyꪺAx}ШDSksҰʪwWu@C
iHϥ reboot=w ]覡]x}^AiHΥH w }Yrӳ]wC

o|yxZH YǨ㦳O֨ϺбPx}A
åBҦȦsƼgϺФWC
N}i|]ӥdAb֨dO̭^g(write-back)ƴN||C
wgH^tΰOˬdܪɶHΡάOpqz򥻿XJt
(SCSI BIOSes)N}ɪ[ɶlƬOϥηx}nzѡC

3.5.9  `reserve=' Ѽ

oOΨӫO@XJϰ줣nCoӫO榡OG

     reserve=iobase,extent[,iobase,extent]...

bYǾW]\קK]Xʵ{hˬd]۰ʰ^bYǯSϰ쪺]ơC
oiO]w]p}ӷ|ϱoҰʲפ]OYǤAӺd^A
|Q~{wAA|]eӧܪwA
Ϊ̥uOAQ֤ߪlƪwC

 reserve ҰʮɴѼǥѫw@qnXJdHѨMDC
qϰb֤ߪXJUQwgbӳB] ]W٬ reserved
^ӫOdC`NAjݭnC
uuDίSp~|ݭnΨoFFC

wϰ줤XJDOaۦb@qXJϰ줧e check_region()
HקK]ưC oΩYǹJW NE2000 |Ϊ̷|~{䥦]ƪXʵ{C

T]Xʵ{ӥhOdϰADt@ӱҰʰѼƩTaܥo˰C
oN׵ reserve g`P䥦ҰʰѼƤ@_ϥΡC
pGAw@qOdϰHO@YSw]ƪܡA ATaw]ƪdA
jXʵ{pG̩T}N|XJUC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     13



ҦpAҰʦC

	     reserve=0x300,32  blah=0x300

Od 0x300-0x31f F `blah' ]Xʵ{~ҦXʵ{hC

pP@ҰʮɴҥΪ榡A] 11 ӰѼƤA ]C reserve
ruw 5 ӫOdϰC pGA`ݨDAiHϥΦh reserve
wC

3.5.10	`vga=' Ѽ

`NAoäuOӱҰʰѼơCO LILO ĶﶵA
PҦ䥦Ѯ֤߳BzҰʰѼƨäۦPC
MӦ]ϥܱopMGȱob[W@C oӿﶵ]iHgѨϥ rdev -v
άۦP vidmode O vmlinuz ɮק@]wC oϱo]w{XbuҰ
Linux ֤ߤeϥεT(video)򥻿XJtΧܹw]ܼҦC 嫬ҦO
80x50, 132x44 C ϥΦﶵ̦n覡OH vga=ask ҰʡA
pbҰʮ֤߫e|ӦCܧAܥdiHϥΪUؼҦC
@AqWzCoAQϥΪXAHNiH⥦b `ask' mC
i@BTаѾ\HҦs֤ߪ linux/Documentation/svga.txt ɮסC

`NAs֤ߡ]2.1 HW^ܼҦ]w{Xﶵ Video mode selection
supportA ҥHpGAQϥγoӯSʨANo}oӿﶵC


4.  pqz(SCSI)P䪺ҰʰѼ

o@`]tΨӶǻpqz(SCSI)d(host adapters) SCSI
]ƤTҰʰѼƻC

4.1  hXʵ{Ѽ

hXʵ{BzϺСAФκϱaӤ`JdSʡC

4.1.1  ̤j޿踹X(LUN)(`max_scsi_luns=')

C SCSI ]ƥ̭iH]t@ӡl]ơXC
̱`ҤlOǤ@iHnXils SCSI оC
CiХѫw]ƪ޿踹X(Logical Unit Number: LUN)w}C
j]ơAwоAϱaO@Ӫ]ơA ޿踹X]sC

u@޿s]ƭYbgonN|XDC Yǳ]p} SCSI
]ơ]ªHδN򥩳QAIWs]ơ^Lks޿sC
̷|bAӥBi SCSI ׬y(bus)aۤ@_C

s֤ߦ@ӰtmﶵiHA]wҭn̤j޿sC
w]u޿ssHKWzDC

bҰʮɫwn޿踹XiHJ `max_scsi_luns=n' @ҰʰѼơA 䤤 n
OêƦrC nקKWzDiHϥ n=1 HקKoǭ]ƤC











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     14



4.1.2  SCSI ϱaXʵ{Ѽ(`st=')

SCSI  ϱaXʵ{YǱҰʮɴtmiHǥѨϥΤUCѼƹFG

	     st=buf_size[,write_threshold[,max_bufs]]

eӼƦrOd줸աCw] buf_size O 32kBC ̦hiHw
16384kBAjաC write_threshold wİϽT{eܺϱaȡAw] 30kBC
̤jwİϭӼƵ쪺˸mƶqөwAw]ȬGCϥνdҦpG

	     st=32,30,2

㪺Ӹ`iHb README.st ɮפA ֤߭l{Xc(tree) scsi
ؿ̡C

4.2  SCSI dѼ

``аOG

iobase -- SCSI dinĤ@ӿXJC HQiܪkwAӥBq`b
0x200   0x3ff C

irq -- d]wϥΪw餤_C iΪȻPdA q`O 5, 7, 9,
10, 11, 12, H 15C䥦ȳq`Ѥ@몺P]ƨϥΡA O IDE
wСAnСAC𵥵C

dma -- dϥΪOs(Direct Memory Access:DMA)qDC
嫬uΩ׬yƥD(bus-mastering)OdC PCI  VLB
dY׬yƥDABݭn ISA OsqDC

scsi-id -- b SCSI ׬yƤWAdΨѧOѧOXC
uYǤd\AܳoӭȡAjhwBä[ܡC
q`w]ȬOCA豶(Seagate)H Future Domain TMC-950 dϥΤC

parity -- SCSI dO_ҳs]ƥ洫TɴѦPˬdXC
w@ܥ}PˬdAshC
P˦aAëDҦd䴩ΦPˬdoӱҰʰѼơC

4.2.1  Adaptec aha151x, aha152x, aic6260, aic6360, SB16-SCSI (`aha152x=')

aha sӥd aic sӳoǥdWڪ SCSI A ]t Soundblaster-16
SCSIC

o SCSI d{XMqdWw˶iӪ򥻿XJtΡA
pGSAN䤣AdCMANoϥγoثҰʰѼơG


     aha152x=iobase[,irq[,scsi-id[,reconnect[,parity]]]]

`NApGXʵ{sĶɦ}~AhiHwĤӭȥH]whšC

ҦѼƳp`̫eҭzA reconnect ȦpGsh\]ussuC
ϥνdҦpUG









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     15



	     aha152x=0x340,11,7,1

`NAѼƥ̧ǫwANצpGAQwPˬdA A]ow iobase, irq,
scsi-id H reconnect ȡC

4.2.2  Adaptec aha154x (`aha1542=')

oǬO aha154x tCdC aha1542 tCdOlW@ i82077 nбA
aha1540 tCdSC

oǥdO׬yƥDdAӥBiH]wʡѼơAΨӻP䥦]Ʀ@ζ׬yơC
ҰʰѼƬݰ_ӹUoˡC

	     aha1542=iobase[,buson,busoff[,dmaspeed]]

iΪ iobase ȳq`OG 0x130, 0x134, 0x230, 0x234, 0x330, 0x334 䤤@C
(Clone)diह\ϥΨ䥦ȡC

buson, busoff ȬOӥdΤu~зǬ[c(ISA)׬yƪ@(microsecond)C
w]ȬO 11us on, and 4us offAp䥦d ]Ou~зǬ[c LANCE
AӺd^N|su~зǬ[c׬yơC

dmaspeed ȬOi檽Ostv]HʸU줸ըC^C w]
5MB/sC sdiHAqntm(soft-configuration)ܳoӭȡA
ªdhϥθ(jumpers)C]ADOOܥiHϥ 10MB/sC pGϥ
5MB/s HWȽФp߸C

4.2.3  Adaptec aha274x, aha284x, aic7xxx (`aic7xxx=')

oǥdiHخ榡ѼơC

	     aic7xxx=extended,no_reset

pG extended Ȥshܥ}jeqϺЪഫ(extended transla
tion)C no_reset ȦpGshOiDXʵ{ҰʮɡA ]wdɭԤnm
SCSI ׬yơC

4.2.4  AdvanSys SCSI Host Adaptors (`advansys=')

AdvanSys  Xʵ{̦h౵|ӿXJ}H AdvanSys SCSI
dC`NAoǭȡ]YϥΪܡ^|vT EISA άO PCI  
C̶ȥΨӰ ISA  H VLB  dC٦ApGX
{sĶɦ}~ܡA~XXhťiH ǥѥ[J
0xdeb[0-f] Ѽƨӳ]wC

4.2.5  Always IN2000 d (`in2000=')

䥦 SCSI dҰʰѼƤPA IN2000 Xʵ{ϥΥѬзǥ洫X(ASCII)
Ҳզem(prefix)rNjưѼơC oO@䴩CG

ioport:addr -- 䤤 addr Od]q`SŪO^XJ}C

noreset -- SΪѼơCoקKҰʮɴ SCSI ׬yƭmʧ@C









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     16



nosync:x -- x OӦ줸Bn(bitmask)A䤤eCӦ줸C SCSI ]
]ĹsӦ줸OĹs]ơAl^C

]w䤤줸HקKӳ]ƶiPB(sync)(negotiation)C
Xʵ{w]OҦ]ƤPBC

period:ns -- ns OH`(nanoseconds)줧̤p SCSI ƶǿɶϬq
(period)Cw] 500; iȬO 250  1000C

disconnect:x -- x = 0 Y\uA2 Y@wiHuC x = 1
hAɥiuAoOw]ȡA ӥBO@뱡p̨οܡC

debug:x pGwqF `DEBUGGING_ON' h x NO]wP~X줸Bn
аѨ in2000.h wq DB_xxxC

proc:x -- pGwqF `PROC_INTERFACE' h x NOMw /proc
B@覡Υ\઺줸BnаѨ in2000.h wq PR_xxxC

UCX@ǨϥνdҡG

	     in2000=ioport:0x220,noreset
	     in2000=period:250,disconnect:2,nosync:0x03
	     in2000=debug:0x1e
	     in2000=proc:3

4.2.6  ϥ AMD AM53C974 w (`AM53C974=')

P䥦Xʵ{PAo@ӤϥαҰʰѼƨӶǹFXJA
w餤_ΪOsqDC ]JM AMD53C974 O PCI
]ơA]ݭn@oǳ]wC^
ӥNOΨӶǹFdP]ƶǿҦPǿvѼơC o̦nνdҨӸG

	     AM53C974=7,2,8,15

o|QoˡG SCSI-ID 7 P SCSI-ID 2 ]ƶqTA
ϥγ̤j 8MHz PBҦǿvC 15 줸ժȡC ԲӸƥib
linux/drivers/scsi/README.AM53C974 ɮ׸̧C

4.2.7  BusLogic SCSI dP v1.2 ֤ (`buslogic=')

bª֤ߤA buslogic Xʵ{u@ӰѼơANOXJ}C
౵UCȡG0x130, 0x140, 0x230, 0x234, 0x330, 0x334C

4.2.8  BusLogic SCSI dP v2.x ֤ (`BusLogic=')

b v2.x ֤ߤABusLogic Xʵ{\hѼơC ]`NWjpgFOjg B
H L!!! ^C UӸ`Oq v2.0 ֤ߤ Leonard N. Zubkoff's
Xʵ{LӪC

o BusLogic Xʵ{֤ߩROCO "BusLogic" Xʵ{ѧOrA
[WUӥHr}ΩʾƧǦCA᭱ۦUӿΩʪrǦCҲզC
CROCΩ@i BusLogic dA bϥΦhi BusLogic
dtΤWiHϥΦhөROCӳ]wC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     17



Ĥ@ӾƫwdҦb I/O }CpGwhw]ȬsA
ܧoӰѼƳ]w]Ǥ쪺Ĥ@i BusLogic dC
pGbROCWwF I/O }ѼơAw]ǴN|QC

ĤGӾƫwΩ䴩CB@(Tagged Queuing)ؼг]ƤC`סC
C`׬Oe\PɰeX SCSI OơCpGSwhw]ȬsA
ܨϥήھڤd`C`פμƥءAAtסA
Hΰؼг]ƪOҦ۰ʧP_ȡC ݭnϥ ISA ~wİ(Bounce
Buffers)dA C`צ۰ʳ] BusLogic_TaggedQueueDepth_BB HקK DMA
~wİO骺LC 䴩CB@ؼг]ƨϥ BusLogic_UntaggedQueueDepth
wqC`סC

ĤTӾƫw׬yưm(Settle)ɶAHC oDOmd SCSI
׬yƭmoX SCSI OɶC pGSwhw]ȬsAܨϥ Bus
Logic_DefaultBusSettleTime ȡC

ĥ|ӾƫwϰﶵCpGSwhw]ȬsC
`NAϰﶵuΩSwdC

ĤӾƫwﶵCpGSwAw]ȬsC
`NAﶵΩҦdC

rﶵΨӴѹCB@A~^_AHΤdC

CB@wH "TQ:"	}YA
iHTawO_\䴩ؼг]ƨϥΦCB@C UOiΪwﶵG

TQ:Default -- CB@\P_H BusLogic
db骩HΦC`תȬO_\hO@P_¦C

TQ:Enable --
ҦboidWؼг]ƥ}CB@Adb骩ҥ[ѪC

TQ:Disable -- ҦboidWؼг]CB@C

TQ:<CӥؼЪ]w> -- UOmCӥؼг]ƪCB@C <CӥؼЪ]w>O
"Y", "N", and "X"  rզCC "Y" }CB@A"N" CB@A "X"
Hb骩¦w]ȡC Ĥ@ӦrNؼг] 0AĤGӥN]
1A̦F pG "Y", "N" and "X" rCå[\Ҧؼг]ơA
wrNQ] "X"C

`NATawnϥΦCB@i|XDF
oDnOKΨYǨSॿT@\धؼг]ƪCB@C

~^_wH "ER:"  }YAiHTaw] SCSI OѡA
Lk\өIs ResetCommand ɰ檺~^_ʧ@C UOiΪwﶵC

ER:Default -- ~^_ SCSI ltΪĳܱjm(Hard
Reset)P׬yƳ]ƭm䤤@C

ER:HardReset -- ~^_N|ҩldjmAo]|ް_ SCSI
׬yƪmC

ER:BusDeviceReset -- ~^_NeX׬yƳ]ƭmTް_~ؼг]ơC








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     18



pGӥؼг]ƦAy~^_ӥBeX׬yƳ]ƭmTӥؼг]ƨS@\
SCSI OܡA hնijmmC

ER:None -- ~^_NQᵲC oӿﶵӥuΩ SCSI
׬yƭmζ׬yƳ]ƭm|ϥؼг]ƵLk^_pC

ER:<CӥؼЪ]w> -- ~^_NCӥؼг]ƶiUOC
<CӥؼЪ]w>O "D", "H", "B", and "N" rҲզCC "D"
ܹw]ȡA"H" ܱjmmA"B" ܶ׬yƳ]ƭmA "N"ܤmC
Ĥ@ӦrNؼг] 0AĤGӥN] 1A̦F pG "D", "H" , "B" and
"N" rCå[\Ҧؼг]ơA wrNQ] "X"C

dw]tUCrG

NoProbe -- @ذA]| BusLogic dC

NoProbeISA -- з ISA I/O }A]u| PCI dC

NoSortPCI --  PCI BIOS ҴѪǦC| PCI dA  AutoSCSI "Use
Bus And Device # For PCI Scanning Seq." ﶵ]wC

4.2.9  EATA SCSI d (`eata=')

s v2.0 ֤ߤ EATA Xʵ{౵@ӱҰʰѼƫwҭnXJ}C
榡G


     eata=iobase1[,iobase2][,iobase3]...[,iobaseN]

Xʵ{|̩ҦCǰoǦ}C

4.2.10	Future Domain TMC-8xx, TMC-950 (`tmc8xx=')

o SCSI d{XMqdWw˶iӪ򥻿XJtΡA
pGSAN䤣AdC Ϊ̡ApG BIOS ñ(signa
ture)rꤣQ{i]|䤣C
ެO@رpAAoϥγoثҰʰѼơG

	     tmc8xx=mem_base,irq

mem_base ȬOɭdϥΪOM(memory mapped)XJϰ쪺ȡC
ȳq`|OUC䤤@G 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000,
0xde000C

4.2.11	Future Domain TMC-16xx, TMC-3260, AHA-2920 (`fdomain=')

oXʵ{ھڤ@w򥻿XJtΰŪOñCoǤdC
㪺CаѨ linux/drivers/scsi/fdomain.cA ɫe\hTC
pGXʵ{{oA򥻿XJtΡAAiHϥγoخ榡ܧG

	     fdomain=iobase,irq[,scsi_id]











The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     19



4.2.12	IOMEGA Parallel Port / ZIP drive (`ppa=')

oXʵ{Ω IOMEGA ZIP ϺЪ IOMEGA æC SCSI dC ]iHtX
IOMEGA PPA3 ]ƨϥΡC Xʵ{ҰʰѼƮ榡G

	     ppa=iobase,speed_high,speed_low,nybble

F iobase ~lҬέȡCpGAQܳoTӿΰѼƤ@ӡA
ĳAŪŪ linux/drivers/scsi/README.ppa ̱Ǥ򪺲Ӹ`C

4.2.13	NCR5380 based controllers (`ncr5380=')

AdA 5380 iHOXJΰOC ]C 0x400
}N׵ۿXJA  PCI H EISA wϥ 0x3ff
HWXJ}C^ެO@رpA
AOw}Aw餤_HΪOsqDȡC
XJddҹOG ncr5380=0x350,5,3C pGӥdϥΤ_A
255(0xff)oӵw餤_ȷ|_ϥΡC 254 o餤_Ȫ۰ʰC
Ӹ`TiHb linux/drivers/scsi/README.g_NCR5380 oɮ׸̧C

4.2.14	NCR53c400 based controllers (`ncr53c400=')

з 53c400 䴩OѻPWzз 5380 䴩ۦPXʵ{ҴѡC
ҰʰѼƻPWzۦPAF 53c400 ϥΪOs~C

4.2.15	NCR53c406a based controllers (`ncr53c406a=')

Xʵ{ϥγoخ榡ҰʰѼơG

	     ncr53c406a=PORTBASE,IRQ,FASTPIO

䤤 IRQ H FASTPIO ѼƬζC_ȹs_ϥΡC ϥΤ@P FASTPIO
ѼƱҥ insl H outsl OHN@Ӧ줸ժ inb H outb OC
Xʵ{]iHѽsĶɴﶵ]wϥΪOsC

4.2.16	Pro Audio Spectrum (`pas16=')

PAS16 ϥ NCR5380 SCSI As٤䴩LtmCҰʰѼƪ榡G

	     pas16=iobase,irq

ߤ@POAiHw 255 oӵw餤_ȡA
o|iDXʵ{nϥΤ_AMį|CC iobase q`O 0x388C

4.2.17	Seagate ST-0x (`st0x=')

o SCSI d{XMqdWw˶iӪ򥻿XJtΡA
pGSAN䤣AdCΪ̡ApG BIOS ñrꤣQ{i]|䤣C
ެO@رpAAoϥγoثҰʰѼơG

	     st0x=mem_base,irq

mem_base ȬOɭdϥΪOM(memory mapped)XJϰ쪺ȡC
ȳq`|OUC䤤@G 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000,








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     20



0xde000C

4.2.18	Trantor T128 (`t128=')

oǤd]OH NCR5380 ¦AUCﶵG

	     t128=mem_base,irq

The valid values for mem_base are as follows: 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000,
0xd8000.  iΩ mem_base ȦpUG 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000, 0xd8000C

4.2.19	Ultrastor SCSI cards (`u14-34f=')

`NAdӤۿWߪXʵ{AW CONFIG_SCSI_U14_34F ̨ϥ u14-34f.c
 CONFIG_SCSI_ULTRASTORE ϥ ultrastor.cC u14-34f o@ӡ]s v2.0
֤ߥΥ^@Ӯ榡pUҰʰѼơG


     u14-34f=iobase1[,iobase2][,iobase3]...[,iobaseN]

Xʵ{|̩ҦCǰoǦ}C

4.2.20	Western Digital WD7000 cards (`wd7000=')

oXʵ{M䥦ҪD򥻿XJtΰŪOrӰ wd7000
åBDƭӼзǪtm]wC
pGSΥTȰʰ_ӡAΤ{oA򥻿XJtΪA
AiHϥγoخ榡ҰʰѼơC

	     wd7000=irq,dma,iobase

4.3  ҰʰѼƪ SCSI d

ثeAUC SCSI dϥΥҰʮɴѼơCbYǱpUA
AiHsXʵ{ȼg(hard-wire)ihApGunܡC

	     Adaptec aha1740 (EISA probing),
	     NCR53c7xx,8xx (PCI, both drivers)
	     Qlogic Fast (0x230, 0x330)
	     Qlogic ISP (PCI)


5.  wо

o@`CXҦPз MFM/RLL, ST-506, XT, H IDE  ϺоҰʰѼơC
`NAIDE HΥe ST-506 wXʵ{ `hd=' ﶵC

5.1  IDE ϺСXʵ{Ѽ

IDE Xʵ{XӰѼơA [\dqϺгW(geome
try)iΤ}䴩C UOҦiΤҰʰѼƪKnC
nD㪺Ӹ`A Auӥhd\b linux/Documentation ؿU ide.txt ɡA
oӺKnOqKXӪC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     21



      "hdx="  q "a"  "h" Ҧ "x" ӻ{AO "hdc" C
      "idex=" q "0"  "3" Ҧ "x" ӻ{AO "ide1"C

      "hdx=noprobe"	     : ]\TӺϺЦbAnh
      "hdx=none"	     : ǫSϺСA cmos Bnh
      "hdx=nowerr"	     : oӺϺЪ WRERR_STAT 줸
      "hdx=cdrom"	     : o̦ӺϺСAӥBOӥо
      "hdx=cyl,head,sect"    : o̦ӺϺСAëwϺгW
      "hdx=autotune"	     : Xʵ{Nյۧ⤶t׽ը䴩
				     ̧֥i{ƿXJ(PIO) Ҧ
				     AϺЯ౵~CëDҦ
				     պ䴩AåB
				     ܥiª_Ǫ IDE  
				     ХXDC
      "idex=noprobe"	     : nզsϥγoӤ
      "idex=base"	     : bw}A䤤 "base"
				     q`O 0x1f0  άO 0x170  B
				     ] "ctl"  O "base"+0x206
      "idex=base,ctl"	     : w base H ctl
      "idex=base,ctl,irq"    : w base, ctl, H irq  ƭ
      "idex=autotune"	     : Xʵ{Nյۧ⤶t׽ը䴩
				     ̧֥i{ƿXJ(PIO) Ҧ
				     AϺЯ౵~CëDҦ
				     պ䴩AåB
				     ܥiª_Ǫ IDE  
				     ХXDC
      "idex=noautotune"      : Xʵ{N|յ۽վ㤶tסC
				     F cmd640 ~AoOj
				     ժw]ȡC
      "idex=serialize"	     : |(overlap) idex  ide(x^1)
				     ާ@

UCѼƥu\Ω ide0A Bw] base, ctl H ports קC


      "ide0=dtc2278"	     : 䴩 DTC2278 
      "ide0=ht6560b"	     : 䴩 HT6560B 
      "ide0=cmd640_vlb"      : ϥ CMD640  VLB  d
			       [JoӰѼơ]PCI h
			        -- ۰ʰ^
      "ide0=qd6580"	     : 䴩 qd580 
      "ide0=ali14xx"	     : 䴩 ali14xx  (ALI M1439/M1445)
      "ide0=umc8672"	     : 䴩 umc8672 

ϥΥ䥦FF|Qڵño@ "BAD OPTION" TC

5.2  з ST-506 ϺXʵ{ﶵ(`hd=')

зǺϺXʵ{iHϺ޿WѼơA oP IDE Xʵ{ۦC`NA
Lצp󥦥uƱ汵Tӭ (C/H/S) -- LhιL֥|qqaC
Pɥu `hd=' ѼơA `hda', `hdb=' obQ\C 榡pUG

	     hd=cyls,heads,sects









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     22



pG˦ӺϺСANϥβĤGϺЪW歫ФWzOC

5.3  XT Disk Driver Options (`xd=')

pGAonϥγoªB8 줸B HH 125kb/s
t׷hƪdo`OAWġC
oǥd{XMqdWw˶iӪ򥻿XJtΡA
pGSAN䤣AdCΪ̡ApG BIOS ñrꤣQ{i]|䤣C
ެO@رpAAoϥγoثҰʰѼơG

	     xd=type,irq,iobase,dma_chan

䤤 type ȫܸӤdsyӡA pUG 0=generic; 1=DTC; 2,3,4=Western Digi
tal, 5,6,7=Seagate; 8=OMTIC
P@asyӺPȤΨӰ򥻿XJtΦrA oӪFFYw
type N|ϥΡC

oǭ xd_setup() 禡|hˬdAåB]AJҦ@|ӭȡC
OCo঳ӽdҨϥ WD1002 ޱ򥻿XJtΡA
ϥΡw]XT ѼơG

	     xd=2,5,0x320,3


6.  о (Non-SCSI/ATAPI/IDE)

o@`CXݩг]ƩҦi઺ҰʰѼơC `NAo]t SCSI άO IDE/ATAPI
оC oǥоаѾ\䥦A`C

`NAjоǤɭȱo@ŪA
ӥB̳b@ӫܮeoaGlinux/Documentation/cdromC

6.1  Aztech  (`aztcd=')

oؤdykOG

	     aztcd=iobase[,magic_number]

pGAN magic_number ] 0x79
Xʵ{ޤTCGQ@|յۦbb骩W]C
Ҧ䥦ȳ|QC

6.2  CDU-31A H CDU-33A Sony  (`cdu31a=')

оX{b Pro Audio Spectrum ĥdHΨ䥦 Sony
XdWCykpUG

	     cdu31a=iobase,[irq[,is_pas_card]]

ws@ IRQ ȧiDXʵ{䴩w餤_]Y PAS d^C
pGAd䴩_AӨϥΤHCXʵ{BzϥβvC

pGϥ Pro Audio Spectrum dh `is_pas_card' ӿJ `PAS'A
Y_NӨϥΡC








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     23



6.3  CDU-535 Sony  (`sonycd535=')

oإоdykOG

	     sonycd535=iobase[,irq]

pGAQw IRQ ȡAXJ}iHJsӦm(placeholder)C

6.4  GoldStar  (`gscd=')

oإоdykOG

	     gscd=iobase

6.5  ISP16  (`isp16=')

oإоdykOG


     isp16=[port[,irq[,dma]]][[,]drive_type]

ϥιs@ irq or dma ܤϥθӥ\C iΩ drive_type ȬO noisp16,
Sanyo, Pansonic, Sony, and MitsumiCϥ noisp16 |oXʵ{C

6.6  Mitsumi зǤ (`mcd=')

oإоdykOG

	     mcd=iobase,[irq[,wait_value]]

䤤 wait_value O@Oɳ]wAΦbǤťܪlWA
oӥ\O_@O̽sĶɴwqȦөwC

6.7  Mitsumi XA/MultiSession  (`mcdx=')

ثeAʡXʵ{ӳ]w禡A å@Ѽ(as of
1.3.15)CΩPWzXʵ{ۦPwA Xʵ{㦳h\C

6.8  Optics Storage  (`optcd=')

oؤdykOG

	     optcd=iobase

6.9  Phillips CM206  (`cm206=')

oؤdykOG

	     cm206=[iobase][,irq]

oXʵ{] 3  11 ƦrO IRQ ȡA  0x300  0x370
ƦrhOXJA ҥHAiHuw@ӭȩΤGӳwAHNC
] `cm206=auto' H}۰ʰC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     24



6.10  Sanyo  (`sjcd=')

oؤdykOG

	     sjcd=iobase[,irq[,dma_channel]]

6.11  SoundBlaster Pro  (`sbpcd=')

oؤdykOG

	     sbpcd=iobase,type

䤤 type OUCr@]jpgt^G `SoundBlaster', `LaserMate', or
`SPEA'C XJ}OоXJ}AOӥdĳXJ}C


7.  䥦w]

䥦󤣾AXbW]Ƴbo̡C

7.1  AӺ] (`ether=')

PXʵ{ϥΤPѼơA ̦ܤֳ@ IRQ, I/O
}ȥHΦW١C̼зǪ榡ݰ_ӹG


     ether=irq,iobase[,param_1[,param_2,...param_8]]],name

Ĥ@ӤOƦrѼƳQ@W١Cparam_n
ȡ]pGto_ӡ^CiPdXʵ{q`NPNqC 嫬
param_n ȬOΨӫw@ɰO}AܡA DMA qDѦpFFC

ѼƳ̱`ΪkObw]ȶȰ@idɭԱjĤGiAӺdC
iHγo²檺OFG

	     ether=0,0,eth1

`NAWzdҤ IRQ P I/O }siDXʵ{۰ʥhC

ҲըϥΪ̪̽Ъ`NG pGXʵ{@iJҲա]sĶ֤߸̡^
ϥΫhWzO|jĤGidC j Linux
oM󳣨ϥΤ@Ӱ򥻪֤߰tX\\hhҲժXʵ{C  ether=
Ѽƥu諾sĶb֤߸̪Xʵ{ġC

bAӺ(Ethernet-HowTo)ϥΦhidH param_n
ȪϥγXAdXʵ{oǭȪ@󧹾BsxC
쪺ŪӰѦҸӤ󤤦ۤvd`C Ethernet-HowTo2

7.2  nXʵ{ (`floppy=')

nXʵ{\hﶵA Cb linux/drivers/block ̪ README.fd C

____________________

2. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/Ethernet-HOWTO.html>







The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     25



oOqɨoTC

floppy=mask,allowed_drive_mask

]w\ϥΤϺо줸Bn mask C
̹w]Au\CӳnбĹsβĤ@ӳ椸C
o˰O]ǫDзǪw]غӪ PCI DO^
bsĤGβĤTӳ椸ɷ|LCﶵthwgQ cmos ﶵNFC

floppy=all_drives

]w\ϥΤϺо줸BnҦϺоC
pGAbnбWFӥHWϺоܥiHϥΡC

floppy=asus_pci

]w줸Bnu\ĹsβĤ@ӳ椸C]w]ȡ^

floppy=daring

iDnXʵ{AӦ欰}nnбC
o˹B@W|ĲvBAǱiLkϥΡC
oiH[tYǳB@C

floppy=0,daring

iDnXʵ{Anбop߬ݺޡC

floppy=one_fdc

iDnXʵ{Au@ӳnбC]w]ȡ^

floppy=two_fdc or floppy=address,two_fdc

iDnXʵ{AӳnбC ĤGӳnб] address
waC pGS addressA] 0x370 C

floppy=thinkpad

iDnXʵ{A@x ThinkpadC Thinkpads Ϻܧ󰻴u(disk change
line)ϥλP@ۤϡC

floppy=0,thinkpad

iDnXʵ{AS ThinkpadC

floppy=drive,type,cmos

]w drive  cmos  typeC OAoӺϺоb줸BnOiΪC
pGAӥHWϺо] cmos uwӡ^
άOA򥻿XJtΨϥΫDзǪ CMOS oNΤFC eӺϺо
cmos ] 0]w]ȡ^ |ϱonXʵ{oǺϺоŪ cmosC

floppy=unexpected_interrupts








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     26



Dw_ɦLXĵiT]w]^

floppy=no_unexpected_interrupts or floppy=L40SX

Dw_ɤLXĵiTC IBM L40SX
WqbYܼҦUݭnC ]oݨӬOvPnФYجۤYC
Dw_u|vTįAiHwaC^

7.3  Xʵ{ (`sound=')

Xʵ{]iHҰʰѼƥHܧsĶɪȡC
Läĳo˰A]o˷|C b]gH^Readme.Linux A
 linux/drivers/sound ̡CoثѼơG


     sound=device1[,device2[,device3...[,device11]]]

䤤C deviceN Ȫ榡UC 0xTaaaId ӨCӦ줸ժϥΦpUG

T - ]ƺ: 1=FM, 2=SB, 3=PAS, 4=GUS, 5=MPU401, 6=SB16, 7=SB16-MPU401

aaa - Qi쪺XJ}C

I - Qi줧_u (i.e 10=a, 11=b, ...)

d - O骽sqDC

pAҨAo۷áAĳA̦nۤv]ƪȽsĶihC ϥαҰʰѼ `sound=0'
N|Xʵ{C

7.4  ׬yƷƹXʵ{ (`bmouse=')

׬yƷƹXʵ{u@ӰѼơANOwҨϥΪ IRQ ȡC

7.5  Ln׬yƷƹXʵ{ (`msmouse=')

LnƹXʵ{u@ӰѼơANOwҨϥΪ IRQ ȡC

7.6  LXʵ{ (`lp=')

b 1.3.75 HW֤ߤWAiHiDLXʵ{ϥΨӰHΤϥΨӰC
pGAQLXʵ{ҦiΪæC𨺻̫ܤKA
o˨䥦Xʵ{(e.g. PLIP, PPA)NiHϥΥ̡C

oӰѼƪ榡Oh i/o, IRQ զXC ҦpA lp=0x3bc,0,0x378,7 |H
IRQ(polling) ҦϥΦ 0x3bc A åB 0x378 ϥ IRQ 7C 
0x278 ]pGܡ^N|QA ]۰ʰuΩS `lp='
ѼƪpUC iHϥ lp=0 ӦLXʵ{C

7.7  ICN AȼƦ(ISDN)Xʵ{ (`icn=')

oӾAȼƦXʰѼƪҰʰѼƮ榡G

	     icn=iobase,membase,icn_id1,icn_id2








The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     27



䤤 iobase OӥdXJ}A membase Oӥd@ɰO򩳦}A
Ө icn_id Oߤ@ѧO ASCII ѦrC

7.8  PCBIT ISDN Xʵ{ (`pcbit=')

oӱҰʰѼƮ榡ϥΤ@ưѼơG

	     pcbit=membase1,irq1[,membase2,irq2]

䤤 membaseN O N id@ɰO򩳡A  irqN O N id_]wC
w]ȬO IRQ 5 H membase 0xD000C

7.9  Teles ISDN Xʵ{ (`teles=')

o ISDN Xʵ{ҰʰѼƮ榡G

	     teles=iobase,irq,membase,protocol,teles_id

䤤 iobase Oӥd i/o }A membase Oӥd@ɰO򩳦}Airq
OӥdϥΪ_A  teles_id Oߤ@ѧO ASCII ѦrC

7.10  DigiBoard Xʵ{ (`digi=')

DigiBoard Xʵ{Ѥӳrj}ѦrξơC ӭȨ̧ǬG

	     }ӥd
	     dG PC/Xi(0), PC/Xe(1), PC/Xeve(2), PC/Xem(3)
	     }䥦w}ƦC(alternate pin arrangement)
	     ӥdW
	     ӥd]wXJ]pGHrwhQi^
	     Oе򩳡]pGHrwhQi^

TҰʰѼƤdҡ]rHξƮ榡^pG

	     digi=E,PC/Xi,D,16,200,D0000
	     digi=1,0,0,16,512,851968

`NAoXʵ{YL digi= ҰʰѼƨw]XJ 0x200 A @ɰO򩳬
0xD0000 C۰ʰC i@BӸ`iHb linux/Documentation/digi
board.txt ɮ׸̧C

7.11  RISCom/8 hCdXʵ{ (`riscom8=')

Up to four boards can be supported by supplying four unique i/o port values for
each individual board installed.  Other details can be found in the file
linux/Documentation/riscom8.txt.

iH䴩F|idAѥ|Ӱߤ@XJ𵹨CidC lӸ`iHb linux/Docu
mentation/riscom8.txt ɮ׸̧C

7.12  Baycom CæCLuƾھ (`baycom=')

oǳ]ƪҰʰѼƮ榡pUC









The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     28



	     baycom=modem,io,irq,options[,modem,io,irq,options]

ϥ modem=1 ܧA ser12 ]ơAmodem=2 ܧA par96 ]ơC ϥ options=0
ܨϥεw DCDAoptions=1 hܨϥγn DCDC io H irq
򩹱`@ˬOXJHΤ_]wC b /linux/drivers/char/ ؿU README.bay
com ɮ׸̦hӸ`C


8.  

pGAo{o̦تr~AιLɪTA
ڪDCoܮeN|ݺ|FC

¡A

Paul Gortmaker, gpg109@rsphy1.anu.edu.au














































The Linux BootPrompt-HowTo Ķ					     29





































































				   CONTENTS



1. ² ..................................................................... 1
   1.1	ŨPv .......................................................... 1
   1.2	 ............................................................ 2
   1.3	Linux sDs ...................................................... 2
   1.4	s ............................................................ 3

2. ҰʴܰѼƷ[ ......................................................... 3
   2.1	LILO (LInux LOader) ................................................. 3
   2.2	LoadLin ............................................................. 4
   2.3	``rdev'' ε{ ................................................... 4
   2.4	֤ߦpƦCѼ .................................................... 4
   2.5	]wܼ ........................................................ 5
   2.6	ǻѼƵ `init' { .............................................. 5

3. @L]ƯSʪҰʰѼ ............................................... 5
   3.1	ɮרtοﶵ ...................................................... 5
   3.2	POϺ(RAM Disk)޲zﶵ ................................ 6
   3.3	PO޲zѼ .............................................. 8
   3.4	Hɮרt(NFS)@ɮרtΨϥΪѼ ......................... 9
   3.5	䥦t~֤߱ҰʰѼ ............................................. 10

4. pqz(SCSI)P䪺ҰʰѼ .................................... 13
   4.1	hXʵ{Ѽ ................................................. 13
   4.2	SCSI dѼ ...................................................... 14
   4.3	ҰʰѼƪ SCSI d ........................................... 20

5. wо .................................................................. 20
   5.1	IDE ϺСXʵ{Ѽ ......................................... 20
   5.2	з ST-506 ϺXʵ{ﶵ(`hd=') ................................ 21
   5.3	XT Disk Driver Options (`xd=') ..................................... 22

6. о (Non-SCSI/ATAPI/IDE) ............................................. 22
   6.1	Aztech  (`aztcd=') ............................................. 22
   6.2	CDU-31A H CDU-33A Sony  (`cdu31a=') ......................... 22
   6.3	CDU-535 Sony  (`sonycd535=') ................................... 23
   6.4	GoldStar  (`gscd=') ............................................ 23
   6.5	ISP16  (`isp16=') .............................................. 23
   6.6	Mitsumi зǤ (`mcd=') .......................................... 23
   6.7	Mitsumi XA/MultiSession  (`mcdx=') ............................. 23
   6.8	Optics Storage  (`optcd=') ..................................... 23
   6.9	Phillips CM206  (`cm206=') ..................................... 23
   6.10 Sanyo  (`sjcd=') ............................................... 24
   6.11 SoundBlaster Pro  (`sbpcd=') ................................... 24

7. 䥦w] ............................................................ 24
   7.1	AӺ] (`ether=') ............................................ 24
   7.2	nXʵ{ (`floppy=') ........................................... 24
   7.3	Xʵ{ (`sound=') ............................................ 26
   7.4	׬yƷƹXʵ{ (`bmouse=') ..................................... 26
   7.5


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	Ln׬yƷƹXʵ{ (`msmouse=') ................................ 26
   7.6	LXʵ{ (`lp=') ............................................. 26
   7.7	ICN AȼƦ(ISDN)Xʵ{ (`icn=') ........................ 26
   7.8	PCBIT ISDN Xʵ{ (`pcbit=') ..................................... 27
   7.9	Teles ISDN Xʵ{ (`teles=') ..................................... 27
   7.10 DigiBoard Xʵ{ (`digi=') ....................................... 27
   7.11 RISCom/8 hCdXʵ{ (`riscom8=') ........................... 27
   7.12 Baycom CæCLuƾھ (`baycom=') ............................ 27

8.  .................................................................... 28














































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